浙江省2021届高三下学期期初英语试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题.doc

1、阅读理解专题 浙江省百校 2020-2021 学年高三 3 月模拟联考英语试题 第一节 （共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A Most of my life I had lived in a Black and Latino community. Neither of my parents had made it past middle school and I was the first in my family to ever set foot on a college campus.

2、 By contrast, most of my peers came from generations of college educated family and had grown up in rich, white suburbs. Instead of sharing with others how I was feeling, I isolated myself and thought I could get through it if I just focused on studying. During the weeks leading up to my sophomore y

3、ear winter break, I finally decided I would drop out. Fortunately, that wasnt the end of the story. I found strength and guidance to continue through to graduation. Counseling(咨询) provided me a space to release and process my emotions. My counselor provided me books and other resources to understand

4、 what I was experiencing and she helped me feel empowered. Volunteering with a campus organization that guided children in Chicago housing projects provided me a consistent reminder for why I was in college. My interactions with students who reminded me so much of my own friends back home inspired m

5、e to commit to working for access to higher education for low-income youth. I also got involved with a summer urban internship(实习生) program, where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference to dialogue about issues of race and class. Knowledge is empowering. I read books and

6、intentionally chose courses to learn more about topics related to immigration, race, social class and urban education. These courses and books helped me gain a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression(压制). Most importantly, I was empowered with the knowledge I needed to w

7、ord against injustice and inequality. 21. Why did the author decide to drop out in the second college year? A. He found it hard to concentrate on study. B. His rich white peers pushed him too hard. C. His family couldnt afford the tuition anymore. D. He set himself apart from others and suffered men

8、tally. 22. The following helped the author feel empowered EXCEPT _? A. Gaining knowledge from books and courses. B. Volunteering in programs and interacting with people. C. Cooperating with his own friends back home in programs. D. Counseling for mental support and professional guidance. 23. What ca

9、n be inferred from the passage? A. An urban internship program is a must for college students. B. The author gradually figure out the purpose of college study. C. The counselors provided professional guidance on the issues of race. D. Starting a conference is the only way to word against injustice a

10、nd inequality. B Tomatoes are the second-most eaten vegetable in the United States, following potatoes. People eat $60 billion worth worldwide every year, which is a lot. But how should tomatoes be stored in your kitchen? Chefs and Italians have long left tomatoes at room temperature, while safety-m

11、inded types use the refrigerator. Now a new study in Frontiers in Plant Science determines once and for all what the best practices are for storage of tomato. Researchers at the University of Gottingen grew a variety of tomatoes and then imitated the commercial three-day harvest-to-consumer storage

12、practices. Once they arrived at “home”, the tomatoes were stored either in the refrigerator or at home temperature and then evaluated by a dozen experienced food assessors. Those assessors were trained at identifying things such as green-grassy smell, tomato-typical smell, tomato-typical flavor, swe

13、etness, sourness, juiciness, firmness, aftertasteThe tomatoes also underwent a great number of analysis, including taste by an “electronic tongue” known as the e-tongue. Their findings: It doesnt matter. No significant differences in flavor were found between refrigerators-stored and counter-stored

14、tomatoes. What matters is how long the tomato is at your house, the variety of the tomato, and the temperature of your refrigerator. The cultivars(品种) had a much higher impact on the flavor than the storage. You should eat them within four days. “The shorter the storage period, the better it is for

15、the flavor and related characteristics,” says the lead author Larissa Kanski, a doctoral candidate in agricultural sciences. Make sure to pay attention to the temperature, as previous studies have shown harmful effects of storing tomatoes at 39 degrees F. In short, for tasty tomatoes, buy tomatoes t

16、hat taste good, store them however you want, and eat them within four days. 24. Whats the main idea of the text? A. A research on how to store tomatoes in a proper way. B. The key elements influencing the flavor of tomatoes. C. Various storage ways of keeping tomatoes in the market. D. The differenc

17、es between fridge-stored and counter-stored tomatoes. 25. Which of the following statements would Larissa Kanski probably agree with? A. The flavor of tomatoes is changing with temperature. B. Its better to eat tomatoes within four days for good flavor. C. Tomatoes qualities are closely related with

18、 storage patterns. D. The e-tongue plays an essential part in analyzing the tomatoes. 26. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A news report. B. The Internet. C. An advertisement. D. A research report. C “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds Spreading out

19、 may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. Im convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death. Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the onl

20、y way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize(移民于) other planets. That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance. Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates,

21、the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013. But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great

22、plan. The most common argument against going is that its just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. Its not even clear if humans could survive on Mars. One of the biggest dangers there i

23、s deadly radiation that ruins the planet. Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid(小行星) strike or disease ou

24、tbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet. In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. Human visitors may destroy t

25、his life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel thats too much of a risk to take. 27. Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates, SpaceX and Mars One? A. To stress the risk of dying out on Earth. B. To provide evidence for Hawkings theory. C. To show growin

26、g intention of moving to Mars. D. To explain the advanced technology in astronomy. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. It is costly and risky to colonize Mars. B. Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth. C. Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle. D. All the time and money should

27、be spent on Earth. 29. What does the underlined word “uninhabited” mean in the last paragraph? A. not steady to keep. B. not fit to live on. C. not easy to approach. D. not safe to set foot on. 30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Mars, Our Future Planet. B. Moving to A

28、New Planet. C. Should We Colonize Mars? D. Stay Home or Outer Space? 第一节 2123 DCB 2426 ABD 2730 CABC 浙江省名校新高考研究联盟(Z20 联盟)2021 届高三第二次联考英语试题 第一节第一节(共共 10 个小题；每小题个小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 25 分分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。项涂黑。 A Fifteen-year-old Isab

29、ella was in fifth grade when a classmate pulled her chair out from under her. As a result of the 2013 incident, Isabella suffered a serious brain injury. The once-active tennis player was banned from participating in all physical activities. Isabella never received an apology from the boy who pulled

30、 the chair out from under her. The boy continued to bully her, and Isabella had to be moved to a different class. Unfortunately, her health did not improve with time. By eighth grade, her headaches were so severe that she was no longer able to attend school. Despite all her struggles, Isabella has m

31、anaged to remain positive. “I choose not to sit around doing nothing and feeling sorry for myself,” she says. In 2014, she began baking cookies she calls Iznettes. The cookies were so good that she began selling them at her fathers Italian restaurant. Isabella donates all of the proceeds from them t

32、o anti-bullying and brain injury charities. In 2017, she won an award from the Brain Injury Association of New York State (BIANYS). According to Eileen Reardon, BIANYS executive director, Isabella is a leader as a youth advocate, raising awareness of both brain injury and bullying. She truly is an i

33、nspiration for so many teens who face similar situations.” By sharing her story, Isabella hopes to make a difference in the lives of others. It is her hope that no one else will suffer in the way that she has. “If I could help just one person, that xkw would be amazing.” she says. 21. What do we kno

34、w about Isabella from the first paragraph? A. She received an apology from her classmate. B. She dropped out of school after a brain injury. C. She was moved to a special class for her injury. D. She banned her classmate from physical activities. 22. The underlined word proceeds most likely means A.

35、 products B. presents C. incomes D. supplies 23. Why did Isabella win an award from the Brain Injury Association of New York State? A. She suffers from brain injury and bullying. B. She sets up brain injury charities by selling cookies. C. She advocates paying attention to brain injury and bullying.

36、 D. She is a leader of the Brain Injury Association of New York State. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Isabella 虽然因为同学欺凌导致了脑损伤，不得不退学，但是她仍 然保持乐观，还将自己卖饼干的收益都捐给了反欺凌和脑损伤慈善机构。她也因主张关注脑损 伤和欺凌，获得了纽约州脑损伤协会的奖项。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fifteen-year-old Isabella was in fifth grade when a classmate pulled

37、 her chair out from under her. As a result of the 2013 incident, Isabella suffered a serious brain injury.(15 岁 的伊莎贝拉在上五年级的时候，一个同学把她的椅子从她身下拉了出来。2013 年的事件导致伊 莎贝拉脑部严重受伤)”以及“By eighth grade, her headaches were so severe that she was no longer able to attend school. (到了八年级，她的头痛非常严重，以至于她不能再上学了)”可知，Isabel

38、la 在脑 损伤后辍学了。故选 B。 【22 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The cookies were so good that she began selling them at her fathers Italian restaurant.(这些饼干非常好吃，于是她开始在父亲的意大利餐厅里出售)”以及后文“from them to anti-bullying and brain injury charities.”可知，Isabella 把所有卖饼干取得的收入都捐给了反 欺凌和脑损伤慈善机构。即画线词意思是“收入”。A. products 产品；B. presents礼物；C

39、. incomes 收入；D. supplies供应。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Isabella is a leader as a youth advocate, raising awareness of both brain injury and bullying. She truly is an inspiration for so many teens who face similar situations. (Isabella 是一名青年倡导者，提高人们对脑损伤和欺凌的认识。她确实激励了许多面临类似情况的青少 年)”可知，Isabella 因为主张关注脑

40、损伤和欺凌，获得了纽约州脑损伤协会的奖项。故选 C。 B Most cities were built on rivers. People originally settled in Paris because of the Seine, and in London for the Thames. A third of New York Citys surface area is water. For centuries, city folk used rivers for shipping, wastes, fishing and play. The Industrial Revolutio

41、n ruined rivers for more than a century. Huge new urban populations overwhelmed them with the pollution from wastes, factories and ships. In recent decades, rivers lost their industrial function and cities began cleaning them up. The Thames is now the cleanest it has been in 150 years and proud of s

42、eals and the occasional whale, sometimes alive. In cities from Chicago to provincial China, dirty riverside warehouses have been turned into restaurants and apartments. But rivers also need to regain their original purpose as transport centers. Cities are shifting more traffic back to the riverbut t

43、his time cleanly and silently, using the coming generation of electric ferries. Ferries already transport 2.1 billion passengers a year. Numbers have been rising in San Francisco, New York and Sydney, while London plans to double its annual total of riders to 20 million by 2035. Imagine using the hu

44、ge capacity of shipping to take delivery trucks off the roads. One of the newer Thames boat with a capacity of 1,750 tons can replace 44 large trucks. Even without being electric-powered, it uses much less energy per ton and causes less noise pollution. In other words, we need to tum truck drivers i

45、nto boat captains. Delivery companies will need to build new distribution centres on cheap riverside land. When their boats stop at the new downtown wharves, electric cargo bikes will deliver packages the last mile. Boat-to-bike is more complicated than delivery by truck, because it adds a stage. Yo

46、u might have to pay more to get your parcels the same day. As for the advantage, it will unblock city centres. Rivers are the reason our cities are where they are. We just forgot about them. 24. Why is the Thames mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To praise the efforts of the government. B. To explain the

47、 current healthy ecosystem. C. To stress the importance of the Industrial Revolution. D. To show the return of some rivers original conditions. 25. Whats the advantage of boat-to-bike delivery? A. It cleans up the rivers. B. It speeds up the delivery. C. It is likely to reduce the cost. D. It eases

48、the pressure of traffic. 26. Which is the following may the author agree with? A. Boat-to-bike delivery is too complex to make. B. Rivers should serve as the transport center like before. C. London has doubled its number of electric-bike riders. D. The cleanups of the river put an end to its industr

49、ial function. 【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。作者认为河流曾是城市存在的原因，即使工业革命使河流破败了一个多世纪， 但如今河流失去了工业功能，城市开始清理它们，并取得了一定效果。文中作者指出河流运输 的一些优势，认为河流应该像以前一样成为交通中心。 【24 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In recent decades, rivers lost their industrial function and cities began cleaning them up. The Thames is now the cleanest it has been in 150 years and proud of seals and the occasional whale, sometimes alive. (近几十年来，河流失去了工业功能，城市开始清理它们。泰晤 士河现在是 150 年来最干净的一次，以海豹和偶尔出现的鲸鱼有时是活着的而自豪。)” 可推知，第三段中提到泰晤士河是为了显示一些河流的原始状态的恢复。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Boat-to-bike is more complicated than delivery by truck, because it adds a sta