2021年中考英语复习- 短文填空技巧 专项讲解课件.pptx

1、短文填空复习与训练短文填空复习与训练 Gap Filling 一、一、Language Aims. (语言知识目标语言知识目标) 1、了解短文填空考察方向 2、学会分析句子结构 3、学会利用词义辨析，根据语境及上下文逻辑推理写出所缺单 词 二、二、Ability Aims.（能力目标（能力目标) 培养学生的句子分析能力、合作探究能力。 三、三、Emotional Aims.(情感目标情感目标) 密切关注中考大纲，掌握短文填空考察方向，关心学生学习及情 感变化，培养学生积极向上的心态,鼓励学生在学习上要学会劳 逸结合，放松心情迎接中考。 短文填空是中考中一个难度比较大的题型，其特点是要求考生根据

2、短文的 内容以及上下文的意思，在空白处填入意思、语法都正确的单词，一空只能填 一个词。短文的题材很广泛，可以是故事、文化习俗、科普小品、体育等，考 试一般会选取考生比较熟悉的材料。 短文填空所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强。它不仅考查考生在 词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识，还考查理解、推导、分析等综合能 力。从表面上看是考查考生对单词的辨认能力，而实质上既考查了考生掌握单 词的数量及准确性，又考查了他们对句子上下文以及词义的理解和判断能力， 由此考查学生的知识记忆与再现能力。 How do you like Gap Filling (短文填空短文填空)? difficult af

3、raid mistakes EASY The Happiest thing of my life I am a middle school student. The happiest thing of my life is staying with my parents in some festivals. As for me , I am very happy because the people around me all love me and they are always kind and helpful to me. In order to keep healthy, my mom

4、 cooks delicious food for me every day.I can share the housework with her in my free time.I can share not only happiness but also sadness with my parents.They are worried about my study ,but as a matter of fact I can get good grades on the exams. I hope that I can stay with my parents in the future,

5、 I will be very happy. I love them,and they also love me. I must study hard so that I can do more interesting things for my parents. The Happiest thing of my life I am a middle school student. The （1）_ _thing of my life is staying（2）_ my parents in some festivals. As （3）_ me , I am very happy （4） _t

6、he people around me all love me and they are always kind and helpful to me. In order to keep （5）_, my mom cooks delicious food for me every day.I can share the housework with her in my free time.I can(6) _ _not only happiness but also sadnesswith my parents.They are worried about my study ,but as a

7、matter of （7）_ I can get good grades on the exams. I hope that I can stay with my parents in the future, I will be very happy. I love them,and they also love me. I must study hard so （8） _ I can do more interesting things for my parents. happiest with for because healthy share fact that Like most Ch

8、inese, Mr.Zhang has a traditional family._71_ he and his wife are middle school teachers while their 6-year-old son is a pupil. Mr.Zhangs mother lives with them and helps look _72_.the kid. They love one another and live _73_ happy life. Yesterday was Mr. Zhangs mothers birthday. The couple wanted t

9、o do something to _74_ their love for her.After a big dinner, Mr. Zhang brought of basin(盆) of warm water and asked his mother to sit in front of the.After that, he began to 联系主题，把握意图 wash them carefully.His wife helped to comb(梳) his mothers hair slowly.Seeing this, the boy _76_ his mothers example

10、.He tried to comb his mothers hair, too.But he was not tall _77_ to do that.So he brought a chair and stood on it. Everyone could feel the warmth and love in the family. _78_ we all know, respecting the old and taking care of the young is a good Chinese tradition.We should try _79_ best to care for

11、our family.We must visit our parents as often as possible, and _80_ time with them even though we may work far away.Indeed,family is a place for happiness. 联系主题，把握意图 Like most Chinese, Mr.Zhang has a traditional family._71_ he and his wife are middle school teachers while their 6-year-old son is a p

12、upil. Mr.Zhangs mother lives with them and helps look _72_.the kid. They love one another and live _73_ happy life. Yesterday was Mr. Zhangs mothers birthday. The couple wanted to do something to _74_ their love for her.After a big dinner, Mr. Zhang brought of basin(盆) of warm water and asked his mo

13、ther to sit in front of the basin.He took off her shoes and put her_75_into the water. After that, he began to 解析真题 确认人称和时态，确认人称和时态， 单三单三 位于句首，并列位于句首，并列 连词连词 Both after a show feet 固定搭配固定搭配 固定搭配固定搭配 上下文联系，上下文联系， 固定搭配固定搭配 联系上下文联系上下文 wash them carefully.His wife helped to comb(梳) his mothers hair slow

14、ly.Seeing this, the boy _76_ his mothers example.He tried to comb his mothers hair, too.But he was not tall _77_ to do that.So he brought a chair and stood on it. Everyone could feel the warmth and love in the family. _78_ we all know, respecting the old and taking care of the young is a good Chines

15、e tradition.We should try _79_ best to care for our family.We must visit our parents as often as possible, and _80_ time with them even though we may work far away.Indeed,family is a place for happiness. followed enough As our spend 联系上下文联系上下文 联系上下文联系上下文 固定搭配固定搭配 固定搭配固定搭配 固定搭配固定搭配 词性词性 考察知识及技能考察知识及技

16、能 动词动词 名词名词 形容词形容词 副词副词 代词代词 连词连词 介词介词 冠词冠词 词性考点词性考点 短语、时态、语态、主谓一致、谓语和非谓语动词短语、时态、语态、主谓一致、谓语和非谓语动词 单复数、名词所有格，关注上下文单复数、名词所有格，关注上下文 原级、比较级、最高级、构词规则原级、比较级、最高级、构词规则 各种形式，关注上下文，注意代词的前后照应关系各种形式，关注上下文，注意代词的前后照应关系 分析句子的逻辑关系，无需形变分析句子的逻辑关系，无需形变 固定搭配，无需形变固定搭配，无需形变 冠词的基本用法、固定搭配冠词的基本用法、固定搭配 A(动词动词) Last summer, 1

17、5-year-old Bob 1 a problem. Like a lot of children, Bob 2 interested in doing many things. He 3 dancing most and wanted to join a dancing group. But Bobs high school 4 have a boys dancing group but a girls group. He tried to join the girls group. But he wasnt 5 to stay in the girls group. met/ faced

18、 /had liked didnt allowed /able be allowed 被允许被允许 was 动词动词填词规律：填词规律：S+V+O 中间谓语一定为动词中间谓语一定为动词; 不定式不定式 to后后, 固定动词短语固定动词短语; 非谓语动词结构非谓语动词结构 注意事项注意事项:动词的形式动词的形式 do/ does/doing/ did/done/ 语态语态 与时态与时态 be able to 能够做能够做 B (形容词形容词/副词副词) Once there was a little boy. He got angry 1 . His father gave him some n

19、ails(neil钉子钉子) and told him: “When you get 2 , put a nail into the wall.” On the first day, the boy put 37 nails into the wall. The next day, he put in 3 nails. A few days later, he found it much 4 not to get angry. After a month, the boy was happy every day and there wasnt so _ nails as before. eas

20、ily angry fewer easier 修饰修饰get angry 修饰系动词修饰系动词get many adj./adv.填词规律：填词规律：形容词于名词前系动词后形容词于名词前系动词后; 副词修副词修 饰饰adj./adv./v,副词修饰动词，常放于其后副词修饰动词，常放于其后 注意事项注意事项:原级原级/ 比较级比较级/最高级最高级; 形形/副的选择副的选择 C (名词名词) Do you still remember the girl with big eyes? The 1 big eyes are telling us her dream: I wish to go to s

21、chool! In China, there are still lots of girls and 2 like her. They want to go to school, but their 3 are too poor. If the family has two or three 4 , it is harder to pay the money for all of them. So the 5 often ask girls to stay at home, and boys to go to school. boys families parents girls childr

22、en /kids 名词名词(n.)填词规律：填词规律：动词前后作动词前后作主语主语,宾语宾语; 介词后作宾语介词后作宾语 形容词修饰名词形容词修饰名词 注意事项注意事项:单、复数单、复数; 名词所有格名词所有格 D (代词代词) Peoples inventions are clever, but 1 can be dangerous, too . For example, people invented factories, and now they make river dirty. 2 can make many changes. Dirty rivers kill fish. Then

23、 bears cannot eat the fish and the bears die. If 3 kill one part of the food chain, the other parts also die. Remember that we are a part of the food chain, so we are in danger too! If we protect animals, we are protecting 4 ! We should and we could do 5 for the world! they This/ That we ourselves s

24、omething 代词代词填词规律：填词规律：代词可作主语代词可作主语/宾语宾语/定语定语; 动宾动宾/介介 宾宾 注意事项注意事项:单复数单复数, 人称代词人称代词/ 反身代词反身代词/ 指示代词指示代词/ 不定代词不定代词/物主代词物主代词 E (介词介词) 1 school many things happen 2 us. We may feel excited when we have success 3 a school play. We may feel sorry if we lose an important game. We want to keep the memories

25、 for the rest 4 our lives. Some of the memories are wonderful 5 the sunshine, but others are not. However, they are both our precious wealth for our future lives. to At of in like 介词介词填词规律：填词规律：S+V+O_+n 中间基本为填写介词中间基本为填写介词 固定介词短语固定介词短语 注意事项注意事项:介词就那么介词就那么20多个常填的只要确定就从中搜寻多个常填的只要确定就从中搜寻 F (从句连词从句连词) Be

26、cause Americans like to spend more money 1 they have, many of them are always in debt(欠债欠债) 2 Chinese usually spend less than they have; many of them always have much left in the bank. The American kids themselves make their own moneyThey get part-time jobs in restaurants, bookstores and so on. But

27、many Chinese parents say 3 its not safe for kids to work. Most Chinese kids especially 4 come from rich families always ask their parents for moneyBecause of that, they can hardly know how hardworking it is to make money. 5 time goes by, they will have less and less ambition for their future. than B

28、ut that who/that As 连接词连接词填词规律：填词规律： 两个完整句子放一块没有句号隔开两个完整句子放一块没有句号隔开, 前句和后句之间有逗号，后句句首填连词前句和后句之间有逗号，后句句首填连词 注意事项注意事项:并列连词并列连词/定语从句定语从句/状语从句状语从句/宾语从句等连接引导宾语从句等连接引导 词词 Step-1 Step-2 Step-3 步骤梳理步骤梳理 Step-4 通读全文，弄清大意通读全文，弄清大意 前后联系，初定答案前后联系，初定答案 先易后难，反复推敲先易后难，反复推敲 核查全文，排除疏漏核查全文，排除疏漏 实 战 演 练 We live in the

29、computer age. People like scientists, teachers, writers and even students 1 computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 2 couldnt do much. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 people were interested in them and knew 4 to use them. Today computers are smaller and 5 . Since they

30、 are useful, many people like to use them, even at home. Computers are becoming very important 6 they can work faster than men and make 7 mistakes. Computers can 8 people do a lot of work. Writers use computer to write. 9 use them to help teaching and students use them to study. Computers can also r

31、emember what you put 10 them. Computers are very useful. They are our good friends. Do you want to own a computer? Step 1 Hands up as soon as you get the answer! If youre right, youll get one point. If not, one of your own points will be dismissed! Come on! Game II We live in the computer age. Peopl

32、e like scientists, teachers, writers and even students 1 computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 2 couldnt do much. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 people were interested in them and knew 4 to use them. Today computers are smaller and 5 . Since they are useful, many p

33、eople like to use them, even at home. Computers are becoming very important 6 they can work faster than men and make 7 mistakes. Computers can 8 people do a lot of work. Writers use computer to write. 9 use them to help teaching and students use them to study. Computers can also remember what you pu

34、t 10 them. Computers are very useful. They are our good friends. Do you want to own a computer? 动词动词 名/代 形 疑问 形 连词 形 动 介 名/代 Step 2 We live in the computer age. People like scientists, teachers, writers and even students 1 computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 2 couldnt do m

35、uch. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 people were interested in them and knew 4 to use them. Today computers are smaller and 5 . Since they are useful, many people like to use them, even at home. Computers are becoming very important 6 they can work faster than men and make 7 mistakes. Compu

36、ters can 8 people do a lot of work. Writers use computer to write. 9 use them to help teaching and students use them to study. Computers can also remember what you put 10 them. Computers are very useful. They are our good friends. Do you want to own a computer? use computers few how cheaper because

37、fewer help into Teachers Step 3 总结回顾总结回顾 词性词性 辨析辨析 解题解题 步骤步骤 The skills of gap fillingThe skills of gap filling Summary 1.get good grades 2.be worried about 3.too much pressure 4.win a competition 5.in the future 6.feel happy 7.make it better 8. come true/realize/achieve 太多压力太多压力 使它变得使它变得 更好更好 赢得一场赢得一场 比赛比赛 感到开心感到开心 取得好取得好 成绩成绩 在将来在将来 实现实现 为为而担而担 心心 根据箭头指向的汉语说出英根据箭头指向的汉语说出英 语短语。语短语。 Homework 1、Review what you have learnt in this lesson. 2、Do more exercises about the gap filling