2019中考英语真题分类汇编：专题七、短文填空-1. 选词填空.doc

1、第 1 页 共 44 页 （二）综合填空（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） (2019 山东泰安) 根据短文内容，用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使文章通顺完整。 （每 词限用一次） he, kill, scared, silly, lie, courage, hear, against, fight, strong One sunny afternoon, a young deer and an old deer were (61)_ under a tree in the forest. Suddenly, in the distance, they (62)_ some

2、sounds of dogs barking The old deer stood up quickly. He felt nervous and (63)_. He said to the young deer, “Be quick! Its time to find a place to hide in. The barking dogs are fierce (凶猛的) and they will (64)_ us.” The young deer laughed and said, “Why should we hide from the dogs? We are bigger and

3、 (65)_ than them. We can toss (扔) aside with our big antlers (角). We should fight with them bravely.” The old deer admired the (66)_ of the young deer, but he did not believe the young deer. “Wed better run away now,” said the old deer. The young deer refused to run away. He decided to fight (67)_ t

4、he dogs. As the dogs ran to (68)_, he put down his antlers and wanted to toss them aside. But he didnt win the (69)_ because there were too many dogs. He was killed by the dogs in the end. The young deer lost his life because he didnt know his strength and weakness. We can learn a lesson form the st

5、ory. Dont be like the (70)_ young deer when we are in danger. We should know our strength and weakness. 题材：记叙文 话题：寓言故事 词数：232 【主旨大意】 本文是一则记叙文， 讲述的是一只年幼的鹿和一只年老的鹿在遇到一群狗时采 取不同应对方式的故事。年老的鹿跑掉了，年幼的鹿拒绝逃跑，想用鹿角把狗甩在一边，但 是在和狗搏斗的时候被杀死了。 我们可以从这个故事中吸取一个教训： 当我们面临危险的时 候，不要像那只愚蠢的年幼的鹿一样。我们该知道自己的优势和弱点。 【答案及解析】 61. lyi

6、ng 根据第二段第一句“The old deer stood up quickly.”可知，一开始两只鹿正躺在树下。 空前有 were，可知句子是过去进行时:were+doing，故空处用 lie 的现在分词 lying。 62. heard 根据后面的 sound 可知句意为“他们听到了狗叫的声音”，时态为一般过去时，故 填 hear 的过去式 heard。 63. scared and 连接两个并列成分， and 前是 nervous， 后面应该是和 nervous 意义相近的词， 故填 scared。 64. kill 此处年老的鹿劝年幼的鹿一起躲开， “那些正在叫的狗很凶残， 他们会杀

7、了我们的。 ” 故填 kill。 65. stronger and 前用了 bigger，后面的词应该和 bigger 意义相符，故填 stronger。 66. courage 上文年幼的鹿不愿意躲藏起来，认为应该勇敢地和狗战斗，年老的鹿钦佩年幼 的鹿的勇气。故填 courage。 67. against fight against 是固定搭配，意为“与战斗”。 68. him 句子的主语是 he，对应的宾格是 him。 69. fight 故事结局是年幼的鹿没有赢得这场战斗，fight 在这里作名词，意为“战斗；斗争”。 70. silly 通过整个故事可以看出， 年幼的鹿貌似很勇敢， 实

8、际上他不知道自己的优势和弱点， 是莽夫之勇，是很傻的。故填 silly。 (2019 江西)B）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空， 第 2 页 共 44 页 并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。 （每小题 1 分） this explain skill say information than again polite available smile How you speak on the telephone is very important. If you use good telephone 51 the caller will be happ

9、y. If not, they may not want to deal with (打交道) you or your company 52 . First, make sure you answer the call formally (正式地), giving your name and the name of your company. 53 will let the caller know that you are professional. You should also remember 54 as you speak, and use a friendly tone(语调). I

10、f you sound bored or too busy, the caller will think you are impolite. Your choice of words can make a big difference, too. For example, if you have not heard what a caller 55 , it is much more polite to say “Im sorry. Could you say that again, please?” 56 to simply say “What?” Similarly, if a calle

11、r asks to speak to someone, dont just say “yes” or “no”. If the person is 57 , say that you will put the caller through to them. If they are unavailable, 58 where they are, and then take a message. In either situation, you will also need to get some 59 about the caller, such as their name or company

12、. Make sure you get all that you need and, most importantly, ask for it 60 . 体裁：说明文 话题：人际交往 词数：223 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要说明如何有礼貌地打电话，你在电话上的讲话方 式非常重要。 【答案】51. skills 52. again 53. This 54. to smile 55. said 56. than. 57. available 58. explain 59. information 60. politely 【解析】 51. skills 考查名词。句意：如果你使用良好的

13、电话技巧，打电话的人会很高兴的。 52. again 考查副词。联系上下文“表达是不想再和你打电话。 53. This 考查代词。联系前一句“giving your name and the name of your company.。”可知，此 处 this 指代“前面的内容”，用代词 this。 54. to smile 考查不定式。remember to do sth.记住去做某事。 55. said 考查动词。联系前后句这里表达的是“说”。 56. than 考查连词。句意：“对不起。你能再说一遍吗？比简单地说 “什么？”更有礼貌。前 后是比较。 57. available 考查形容词

14、。通过后句 If they are unavailable知道此处填 available。 58. explain 考查动词。想解释一下他们在哪里，接着捎信。 59. information 考查名词。句意：在这两种情况下，您还需要获得有关呼叫者的一些信息， 例如他们的姓名或公司。 60. politely 考查副词。ask for it politely 有礼貌地寻求。修饰动词用副词。 四、综合填空(共 20 空,每空 1.5 分,计 30 分) (2019 山东德州山东德州)A 阅读下面的短文。 根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给 11 个词中选择 10 个意义相符的词， 必要时进行词形变化,

15、填入空白处,每空一词。 many, two, it, zoo, because, what, only, China, besides, national, history With its black-white coat, the animal is one of the most precious (珍贵的) animals in the 第 3 页 共 44 页 world. It is native to China, proudly called the “(51) _ treasure”. (52)_ name is Panda. The name of “Panda” now

16、refers to (指的是) the giant panda. In China, (53)_ the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army, the giant panda also attracts the world-wide tourists. As the most famous animal of (54) _, the giant panda appears in the logo (标志) of the World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF). It also has (55) _ chances than o

17、ther animals to be the mascot (吉祥物) of international games held in China. And it shows up as an actor on the big screen, such as Kung Fu Panda. The giant panda is regarded as the symbol of peace. In Japanese (56) _ records, the Tang Dynasty sent a couple of bears and seventy pieces of fur as nationa

18、l gifts to Japan, The “(57)_ bears” were giant pandas. One female panda usually has (58) _one baby, and it is not easy for wild pandas to have twins anyway. If you want to see them, youd better go to Chengdu. Why? (59) _ the main breeding (繁育) centers were built around this area. Certainly some city

19、 (60) _ also have giant pandas, such as Beijing Zoo, Chongqing Zoo. etc. The giant pandas are so lovely creatures (生物). More and more people become fans of them. 体裁：说明文 话题：20动物和植 物 词数：256 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文， 介绍了国宝熊猫不仅是世界自然野生动物基金会的标志和 很多国际比赛的吉祥物， 在历史上也是和平的象征。 文章最后介绍了大熊猫的繁育情况和成 都大熊猫繁育中心。 【答案】51. national

20、 52. Its 53. besides 54. China 55. more 56. history 57. two 58. only 59. Because 60. zoos 【解析】 51. national 根据上文“It is native to China,”故大熊猫被自豪地称之为“国宝”， 故选 national。 52. Its 根据空后的 name 一词可知，前面应用形容词性物主代词，故用 its。 53. besides 此句句意为“在中国， 除长城和兵马俑外， 大熊猫也吸引着世界上的游客”， besides 表示“除了（包含）外”。 54. China 此句句意为“作为中

21、国最出名的动物”，of 后需填 China，表示所有格，相当于 “Chinese”。 55. more 根据此句中 than 一词可知要用比较级形式， many 的比较级为 more， 意为“更多的”。 56. history 结合下文中“the Tang Dynasty”可知是在日本历史上，故填 history。 57. two 结合上文中的“a couple of bears”可知是两只。 58. only 结合空后的 one 可知，一只雌性大熊猫只生育一个幼崽，故填 only。 59. Because 结合上文中 why 一词可知此处应填 because。 60. zoos 根据生活常识

22、，只有动物园里才有大熊猫，且空前有 some 一词，故 zoo 用复数形 式。 (2019 山东济宁) 六、完型填空（共六、完型填空（共 7 小题，计小题，计 7 分）分） 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空，方框中有两个词语为多余选项。 action, alone, care, other, praise, unexpected, when, for sure, for a while Most people think children only have some simple wishes, such as getting delicious snacks and having

23、enough playtime. But one six-year-old girl named Peyton surprised everyone by making a(n) 1 decision. Peytons teacher Tara promised Peyton a reward in a class: choose to sit with whoever she 第 4 页 共 44 页 wanted at lunch. Mrs. Tara thought 2 that she knew who Peyton would pick (挑选). However, Mrs. Tar

24、a was surprised by Peyton 3 she picked a little boy who never got picked by anyone for anything. The boy was very shy, and he was 4 all the time. Peytons decision really made his day. Since then, 5 children have started picking the boy as well. Now, he is a completely different child. Mrs. Tara says

25、 that Peytons 6 reminds her why she loves teaching. People on the Internet also 7 the little girl for her kindness. Peyton shows us that a simple act of kindness can change a persons life. 体裁 记叙文 话题：7. 情感与情绪 话题：24.（82）故事 词数 158 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述的是一个叫佩顿的六岁女孩帮助一个很害羞的男 孩，使他变成了一个与之前完全不同的孩子。网上也有人认为佩顿

26、很善良。佩顿的故事告诉 我们，一个简单的善举可以改变一个人的生活。 答案：1. Unexpected 2. for sure 3. when 4. alone 5. other 6. action 7. praise 1. Unexpected 【解析】但是一个叫佩顿的六岁女孩做了一个意想不到的决定，让每个人都 大吃一惊。 2. for sure【解析】塔拉夫人肯定认为她知道佩顿会选择谁。 3. when 【解析】然而，当佩顿挑选了一个从未被任何人选过的小男孩时，塔拉夫人很吃惊。 4. alone 【解析】这个男孩很害羞，他总是一个人。 5. other 【解析】从那时起，其他的孩子也开始挑选

27、这个男孩。 6. action 【解析】塔拉太太说，佩顿的行动提醒了她为什么她喜欢教书。 7. praise 【解析】网上的人也称赞这个小女孩的善良。 (2019 山东临沂山东临沂) 根据短文内容. 从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完 整。 第一个方框供 41-45 小题选用， 第二个方框供 46-50 小题选用。 每个选项只能使用一次， 每框有一项剩余。 A. come true B. everything C. as soon as D. richest E. finger F. nothing Many years ago, there was a Greek king na

28、med Midas. King Midas loved gold very much. He had more gold than any other king in the world , but he still wanted more. One day, a beautiful fairy (仙子) came to his palace. Midas, you are the 41 man in the world, said the fairy. Yes, said the king, but I want more gold because gold is the most wond

29、erful thing in the world! Your wish will 42 , said the fairy. From tomorrow morning, you can turn everything you touch into gold. King Midas got up very early the next morning. He wanted to see if his wish had really come true. He touched his bed with his 43 and the bed was turned into gold. The kin

30、g was wild with joy. He ran around his palace and touched everything he saw. Everything was turned into gold! The king felt hungry after running around for a long time. He decided to have his breakfast. However, 44 he touched a bowl of milk, the bowl, together with the milk in it, was turned into go

31、ld. Whats more, the bread and the meat were also turned into gold when he touched them. In the end, the poor king ate 45 . A. wonderful B. terrible C. with D. daughters E. right away F. rushed King Midas was sitting hungrily at the dinner table when his little daughter ran to him. He 第 5 页 共 44 页 hu

32、gged her and the little girl became a gold statue (雕塑) 46 . The king felt afraid. Fairy, he shouted, take away this 47 gift! Give me back my little girl! In a moment, the fairy was standing before him. Do you still think that gold is the greatest thing in the world? asked the fairy No, no! cried the

33、 king. I have learned my lesson! Very well, said the fairy. There is a spring（泉）in the garden. Sprinkle (洒) things that you have touched 48 the water from the spring. The king 49 to the spring. He ran back with a bottle of water and sprinkled the water on his 50 head. Soon, the little girl came to l

34、ife. He then sprinkled his breakfast. To his great joy, it turned back to real bread and meat! http:/ 答案：41._ 42. _ 43. _ 44. _ 45. _ 46. _ 47. _ 48. _49. _ 50. _ 体裁 记叙文 话题 (82) 故事 词数 368 【主旨大意】本文叙述了希腊一位贪婪的国王喜欢金子，要求仙女多给他金子，仙女决定惩 罚他，让他的手指接触的任何东西或人都变成金子，这让国王后悔不已。故事告诉我们：做 人不要太贪心,贪心不足蛇吞象，上帝给人带来的不仅仅是福祉。

35、41.D 根据上文 He had more gold than any other king in the world 可知，他是世界上最富有的 人。修饰 man 用形容词，故选 D。 42.A 句意：你的愿望会实现的。根据句意并结合主语 your wish 可知选 A。 43.E 根据 with 和 his 可知， 此处填名词， 结合句意“他用手指摸了摸床， 床就变成了金子。 ” 可知选 E。 44. C 分析句子结构可知此处填连词，结合上下文语义可知，然而，他一摸到一碗牛奶，碗 里的牛奶就变成了金子。 45. F 结合上文he touched a bowl of milk, the bow

36、l, together with the milk in it, was turned into gold.可知，他什么也没有吃。 46.E 根据句式结构可知此处填时间状语，结合上下文可知，他拥抱了她，小女孩马上变成 了一座雕塑。 47. B 依据空后的名词可知应填形容词，结合上文语境可知，这个礼物令人可怕，故选 B。 48. C 根据上下文语境并结合句子结构可知，此处要用介词，表示“用”应用介词 with。 49. F 根据上下文语境并结合句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词，国王冲到泉水边。 50. D 根据上下文可知此处指“他女儿的头”。 (2019 山东威海)五、短文填空（五、短文填空（10

37、 小题，计小题，计 10 分）请将答案编号涂卡。分）请将答案编号涂卡。 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词短语填空，使短文意思完整，每个选项仅使用一次。 A. Although B. Noiselessly C. As a result D. Sometimes E. prefer to stay F. keep away from G. become silent, watchful and suspicious H. As soon as I. will never see J. However There are wild elephants in Malaysia, Thailand and

38、 several other countries but most people _48_ them. Elephants dislike the hot sun. They _ 49_ in the cool shelter of the jungle, coming out at night to feed on the vegetation on the fringe of the jungle. _50_ they are big animals, elephants can move silently when necessary. When there are no hunters

39、 (猎人) near them, elephants often make a lot of noise. They tear up young bamboo shoots and eat noisily. But as soon as hunters appear, the elephants _ 51_ . A big bull elephant stretches out (伸展 ) his sensitive trunk and moves it round slowly, searching for the scent of his enemy. 第 6 页 共 44 页 His l

40、arge ears protrude from the side of his head and he listens for the slightest sound. 52_ he detects (察觉) any danger, the bull taps on the ground with his trunk. Tonk! Tonk! This is the danger signal (信号). _ 53_ the elephants disappear into the protection of the jungle. _54_ an elephant will attack (

41、 攻击) human beings, particularly if it is defending (保护) its young or it has been wounded. An angry elephant can trample an enemy to death or pick him up with his trunk and smash his hated enemy on the ground. Sometimes hungry elephants damage （毁坏）crops but usually they _55 human beings. In recent ye

42、ars, poachers have killed huge numbers of elephants in Africa to get their ivory tusks. _56_, many countries have banned (禁止) trade in objects made of ivory. _ 57_, elephants are still in danger of disappearing completely from many countries where they have lived peacefully for thousands of years. 【

43、主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大象的生活习性和性情特点。 【答案】48-52 IEAG H 53-57 BDFCJ 【解析】 48. I 该句中 but 起到很强的提示作用，but 前句提示“在马来西亚、泰国德国其他国家有很 多大象，”but 之后推知，多数人见不到它们。故选 I。 49. E Elephants dislike the hot sun.意为“大象不喜欢炎热的太阳”， 推知下句， 大象更喜欢待在丛 林的阴凉处，故选 E。 50. A they are big animals, elephants can move silently when necessary. 意为“

44、它们是大动物，但是 必要时它们能悄悄地行走”，此句句意推知前后有转折关系，故选 A。 51. G But as soon as hunters appear, 意为“但是当猎人出现时，”该句推知后面句意大致为“大象 会小心、警惕等含义”，故选 G。 ， 52. H the bull taps on the ground with his trunk.句意为“雄象用象牙拍击对面”推知前句意为“一 旦他觉察有危险”，故选 H。 53. B Tonk! Tonk! This is the danger signal (信号).意为“咚、咚，这是危险信号”。推知下句意为 “（察觉危险，大象会悄无声息地

45、的消失在丛林的保护之中）”，故选 B。 54. D particularly if it is defending (保护) its young or it has been wounded. 意为“尤其是它在保护 幼崽或受伤时”，推知前半句句意为“有时大象会袭击人类。”故选 D。 55. F Sometimes hungry elephants damage （毁坏）crops 句意为“有时饥饿的大象毁坏庄稼”， 句中 but 提示后面句意大致为“通常他们不伤害人类或不靠近人类”。故选 F。 56. C In recent years, poachers have killed huge n

46、umbers of elephants in Africa to get their ivory tusks. 句意为“近年来，偷猎者为获取象牙而杀害了很多大象”， many countries have banned (禁止) trade in objects made of ivory.句意为“许多国家禁止由象牙做的物品的贸易”， 前后具有 因果关系，故此处选 C。 57. J elephants are still in danger of disappearing completely from many countries where they have lived peaceful

47、ly for thousands of years. 意为“大象在许多国家安宁地住了数千年，但依然有消 失的危险”，推知此处选 J。 (2019 山东淄博)三、选词填空三、选词填空（共 10 小题，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。毎个选项只用一次，有两项剩 余。 (2019 山东淄博)My Dear Azhaan, 题材：说明文 话题：20. 自然 动物和植物 词数：297 want best slowly until when happiness facing in still now high not 第 7 页 共 44 页 I want you to

48、 know that you remind me of myself in so many ways. You are like a better and improved version （版本） of me. I look at you and I see myself 27 your eyes. I wish I had that confidence（信心）and even some of your bossiness（霸气）at that age. Yet，Im also troubled on seeing this confidence 28 disappearing, beca

49、use you are 29 many different things. I want you to know that your confidence is one of the 30 things about you. All of us admire your confidence. However, you are 31 confident enough these days, because you are beginning to dislike your own body. You are not fat. I agree that you could be a little healthier. You could eat a little less junk food. However, I dont know when yo