2018中考英语真题分类汇编：专题9、短文填空-5. 语法、综合填空.doc

1、2018山东日照)五、阅读填空（共 10 小题，满分 10 分） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（每空不多于三个单词） 。 When doing Christmas shopping, Joy came across （偶遇） Nick, the least popular student in school because he wore strange clothes and had a face only a mother could love. After dinner, Joys family went 51 church for the Christm

2、as Eve service. A man with Bible （圣经） read a story about Jesus, who came 52 （help） people on Earth. Joys thoughts kept turning back to Nick. It must be terrible to be lonely on Christmas Day with his parents dead. 53 （tear）started to run down her cheeks but she brushed them away. That night, while e

3、veryone else 54 （sleep）like a baby, Joy was thinking ways to help Nick. As soon as she heard her parents get up, she 55 （quick）jumped out of bed. She told 56 about Nick. Then she asked, “Shall we invite him over today?” “Sure,” said her mother who was always happy 57 guests came. Her father smiled.

4、When Joy called Nick two hours later, he was deeply 58 （move). He joined them for dinner. To Joys surprise, she enjoyed 59 （spend）time with him. Joy came to understand sharing Christmas cheer is the 60 （great）joy to Nick, even to the whole world. 体裁 记叙文 话题 故事 词数 225 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是充满爱心、善良的小女孩 Jo

5、y 在圣诞节前夜，同情失去父母 的同学 Nick，邀请他到自己家一起欢度圣诞节的故事。 51. to 【解析】go 与 to 一起构成动词短语，后接地点名词，表示“去”，故填 to。 52. to help【解析】 动词不定式表示目的，故填 to help。 53. Tears 【解析】 tear 是可数名词，此处应该用复数，故填 Tears。 54. was sleeping 【解析】 此句为时间状语从句，根据句意和主句的时态可知此处应该用过去进行时， 故填 was sleeping。 55. quickly 【解析】动词前需用副词修饰，故填 quickly。 56. them 【解析】此处

6、缺少宾语，需要用代词的宾格形式，故填 them 代替 her parents。 57. when 【解析】此处为时间状语从句，缺少时间副词，故填 when。 58. moved 【解析】根据句意可知，此处为被动语态，故填 move 的过去分词，故填 moved。 59. spending【解析】 enjoy 后面用动词 ing 形式，故填 spending。 60. greatest 【解析】根据句意乔伊明白分享圣诞快乐是 Nick 乃至全世界最大的快乐。可知此处应该用 形容词的最高级来形容，故填 greatest。 (2018 内蒙古赤峰)B. 阅读下面短文，根据中文、首字母、音标及语境提示

7、填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。 （每空限填一词） Some things usually have different meanings in different cultures. Here are some words about 61 that are used differently in western cultures and Chinese culture. Most phrases in 62 about the dog, such as “a homeless dog”, “a running dog” and “a dog catching

8、a mouse”, have negative meanings. But in western countries, dogs are considered honest and good friends of 63 (人类). The word,“dog”, has positive meanings. For example, “you are a lucky dog” means you are a lucky 64 /p(r) sn/. And “every dog has its day” means everyone has good luck at times. As we k

9、now, dragons are very important in Chinese culture. In ancient times, dragons were regarded as strong and magical creatures. They 65 /brt/ hope and good luck. The ancient emperors compared themselves to dragons. Nowadays, many p 66 want their children to become “dragons”. But in western cultures, dr

10、agons were d 67 animals. Heroes killed them to protect people. Some things have 68 (相似的) meanings in Chinese culture and western cultures. The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in b 69 China and some western countries. People in China and the West think the rose also 70 for peace, courage and fri

11、endship. When we pay attention to the cultural meanings of words, we will understand them better. 体裁 说明文 话题 语言与文化 字数 242 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是中外不同的文化观念，即同样的事物，中国和西方可能代表不 同的意义文章列举了狗和龙两种动物在中西文化中的差异同时，有些事物的象征意义在中外文化中是 相同的因此要了解文字的文化意义和差异。 61. animals 【解析】结合下文中列举的 dog 和 dragon 两个例子可知句意为：这里有一些关于动物的单词， 在西方文化

12、和中国文化中所表达的意义截然不同。故用名词 animals，意为“动物”。 62. Chinese 【解析】句意：在汉语中，大多数与狗相关的短语，比如像“丧家之犬”， “疯狗”及“走狗”， 都有负面意义。故用名词 Chinese，意为“汉语”。 63. humans 【解析】 句意： 但是在西方国家， 狗却被认为是诚实的， 是人类的好朋友。 名词 human 意为 “人” ， 这里要用其复数形式 humans，表示“人类”。 64. person 【解析】句意：比如说“你是一个幸运狗”意思是说“你是一个幸运的人”。根据句意和音标故 用名词 person，意为“人”。 65. brought 【

13、解析】 句意： 它们(指龙)带来了希望和好运。 根据句意和音标故用动词 bring 的过去式 brought， 意为“带来”。 66. parents 【解析】根据首字母提示以及后面的“their children”可知句意为：许多家长都望子成龙、望女 成凤。故用名词复数 parents，意为“父母亲；家长”。 67. dangerous 【解析】根据下文中的“Heroes killed them to protect people.(英雄杀死它们来保护人们)”可知 句意为：但是在西方文化中，龙是危险的动物。故用形容词 dangerous，意为“危险的”。 68. similar 【解析】句意

14、：在中国文化和西方文化中，有些东西他们的意思是相似的。故用形容词 similar， 意为“类似的”。 69. both 【解析】根据首字母提示以及后面的“and”可知句意为：玫瑰在中国和一些西方国家被认为是爱 情的象征。固定用法：both and，意为“和两者都”。 70. stands 【解析】句意：中国人和西方国家的人们还都认为：玫瑰还代表和平、勇敢和友谊。固定用法：stand for 意为“代表；是的象 征”。宾语从句中的主语是名词单数 rose，故从句中的谓语动词用单数形式 stands。 (2018 内蒙古包头)第二节 （共 15 小题，每小题 1 分；满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文

15、，根据首字母、音标以及语境的提示在空白处填入适当的单词（1 个单词） ；或根据汉语意 思的提示，在空白处填入适当的短语，使短文语意连贯，意思完整。 Kate and Dick were classmates.They_76_（相处）well with each other and later fell in love. After getting m_77_,they found it difficult to_78_（谋生）. Finally, they decided _79_run a small restaurant near the railway station. The rest

16、aurant often stayed o_80_until after midnight, because people came to drink there while they were_81_（等待）trains. At two oclock one morning,_82_man was still sitting at a table in the restaurant. He was_83_.Kate wanted to go to bed. She looked at the table several times, and each time the man was sti

17、ll there.Then,_84_（最 终）she went to her h_85_and said to him, Youve talked to that man three times, and he isnt drinking any more,_86_havent you sent him away?After_87_,its so late. Oh, no. I dont want to send him away,a_88_Dick with a smile. You see, whenever I _89_（叫醒）the man, he asks for the bill,

18、 and when I bring it to him, he p_90_it.Then he goes back to sleep again. 体裁 记叙文 话题 人物故事 词数 156 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妻 Kate 和 Dick 在火车站附近开餐馆，本文主要讲发生餐馆的一件 事。 76.get on/along【解析】句意：他们相处得很好，后来相爱了。根据汉语提示，get on/along well with sb.和某 人相处得好，and 并列两谓语，时态一致。故填 get on/along。 77.married【解析】句意：在他们_以后，发现谋生很困难。根据上文

19、later fell in love.及首字母提示 可知，他们相爱后就结婚了。get married 结婚，故填 married。 78.make a living/earn their living【解析】句意：在他们_以后，发现谋生很困难。根据汉语提示可知， make a living=earn their living 谋生，此处 it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。故填 make a living/earn their living。 79.to【解析】句意：最后，他们决定在火车站附近开一家小餐馆。习惯用法：decide to do sth.决定做某事， 故填 to。 80 op

20、en 【解析】 句意： 这家餐馆经常_到午夜过后， 因为人们在等待火车的时候来这里喝酒。 stay/keep+adj. 保持某种状态，根据句意及常识可知，火车站附近的餐馆开到深夜。故填 open。 81.waiting for【解析】句意：这家餐馆经常_到午夜过后，因为人们在等待火车的时候来这里喝酒。根据 汉语提示考虑短语 wait for，分析句子结构可知此处是 while 引导的时间状语从句，根据句意及谓语 were 可 知要用过去进行时，故填 waiting for. 82.a/one【解析】句意：一天早上二点，_男人仍然坐在餐厅的一张桌子旁。男士在文中第一次出现， 泛指一个，故填 a/

21、one。 83.asleep【解析】句意：他_。根据音标提示考虑单词 asleep，be asleep 熟睡。故填 asleep。 84.at least/in the end【解析】句意：然后，最终她去找他的_，对他说。根据汉语提示考虑 at least/in the end，固定搭 配：at least=in the end 最后，终于。故填 at least/in the end。 85.husband【解析】句意：然后，最终她去找 他的_，对他说。根据上下文及首字母提示可知，她去找她的丈夫，让她把那个男士送走。故填 husband。 86.why【解析】句意：你已经跟那个男人谈了三次了

22、，他不再喝酒了，你_不把他打发走？根据下文 Oh, no. I dont want to send him away,可知，妻子建议丈夫把他送走，此处表示为什么，故填 why。 87.all【解析】句意：_，这太晚了。习惯用法：after all 毕竟，根据句意，故填 all。 88.answered【解析】句意： “哦，不，我不想把他打发走， ”Dick 笑着_。根据上文_86_havent you sent him away?及首字母提示可知，Dick 笑着回答，根据上下文时态可知要用一般过去时。故填 answered。 89.wake up【解析】句意：你看，你看，每当我叫醒那个人，他就

23、要帐单，我把账单拿来给他，他_。根 据汉语提示考虑到单词 wake up，引述别人的话常用现在时， 主语 I 是第一人称，故填 wake up。 90.pays【解析】句意：你看，你看，每当我叫醒那个人，他就要帐单，我把账单拿来给他，他_。根据 常识及首字母提示可知，吃饭后要付钱，考虑单词 pay，引述别人的话要用现在时，主语是第三人称 he，谓 语用三单。故填 pays。 五、(2018 湖北黄冈) 综合填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分) 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。( 提示: 每空不超过三个单词) Each different p

24、art of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things 70 are important in life, such as love, beauty and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty. According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first us

25、ed by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out _ 71 ( ask) for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. They _ 72 ( make) of bamboo and covered with paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air baboons for all to see. They

26、are seen as bright symbol of 73 ( happy) and good wishes. Paper cutting 74 (be) around for over 1500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy _75 it can be difficult to do. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about

27、Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls 76 symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year. Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chi

28、nese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are _ 77 ( careful) shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After 78 ( dry), they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished and painted. It takes several weeks 79 ( complete) everything. These small piec

29、es of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty. 体裁 说明文 话题 中国传统文化 词数 295 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，它介绍了中国传统文化中具有代表性的孔明灯、剪纸和泥塑等文化艺术。通过对传统 中国文化元素的介绍，了解与中国传统文化艺术有关的风俗习惯和文化背景。 70. that/ which 考查定语从句引导词。“These usually try to show the things 70 are important in life, such as love, beau

30、ty and family.”意为“这些艺术形式通常尽力展示生活中重要的东西，例如爱、美和家庭。”由句意 推知空格后是一个定语从句修饰前面的 things，定语从句中修饰事物的引导词用 that 或 which。 71. to ask 考查非谓语动词。“He sent them out 71 ( ask) for help when in trouble.”意为“当处于困境时， 他就放出孔明灯求救。”ask 与前面具有目的关系，英语中用动词不定式作目的状语。 72. are made 考查一般现在时态的被动语态。“They 72 ( make) of bamboo and covered wi

31、th paper.”意为 “它们是用竹子做的，外面用纸包裹着。”，make 和 they 具有被动关系，且根据前面判断句子使用一般现在 时态，故填 are made。 73. happiness 考查名词。“They are seen as bright symbol of 73 ( happy) and good wishes.”意为“它们被看 做是幸福和美好祝愿的象征。”空格处单词与 wishes 具有并列关系，wishes 在此是名词，故填 happiness。 74. has been 考查动词时态。“Paper cutting 74 ( be) around for over 150

32、0 years.”中的 for over 1500 years 判断句子是现在完成时态。 75. but 考查连词。“Paper cuting sounds very easy 75 it can be difficult to do.”空格前意为“剪纸听起来 很容易”，空格后意为“可能很难做。”前后发生意义转折，故填 but。 76. as 考查介词。“During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls 76 symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new y

33、ear.”意为“在春节期间，人们把它们贴在窗户上、门上和墙上，作为祈求好运 和新年快乐的象征。”as 表示“作为”之意。 77. carefully 考查副词。“The pieces are 77 ( careful) shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.”意为“这些作品通过手工，用一种非常特殊的陶土精心塑形，然后再自然晾干。”空格 处单词修饰动词 shape，在英语中修饰动词用副词形式，故填 carefully。 78. dying 考查介词用法。“After 78 (dry)

34、, they are fired at a very high heat.”意为“干了之后，再用高温烧 制。”在该句中 after 是介词，介词后面的动词用其-ing 形式，故填 dying。 79. to complete 考查固定句型。 “It takes several weeks 79 ( complete) everything.”意为“完成这一切要花 费几周的时间。”take 作为“花费”之意，常用于 It takes +时间段+to do sth.句型。故填 to complete。 第二节综合填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当

35、的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超 过 3 个单词）(2018 湖北荆门) Reading is important in our daily life. But have you ever thought what we read 56 , information or skills? How do we feel when we read, excited or upset? We read word by word aloud and think about them. Is that enough? I think reading is more than 57 (pro

36、nounce)or thinking about words. 58 (recent)The Read, a very popular TV program, is staged(_上演)in the form of reading. Its a 59 (nation) reading program. Dong Qing works 60 both a hostess and a producer. The Reader hopes to tell us 61 the world is like and it takes us to see the beautiful world by re

37、ading. The show has invited some influential（有影响力的） guests who have rich experiences and touching stories, like Ni Ping, Wang Yuan from TFboys and Yao Chen. “Reading touches peoples hearts” is the slog(口号)of The reader, What it wants 62 (show) isnt reading skills but real feelings. They are what tou

38、ches the audience(观众)most. I have long thought about working on a program related to（与有关） the human spirit， so far The Reader 63 (become) a turning point in my career in hosting and the program has bought me quite a huge challenge. said Dong. The Reader is of great 64 (important) to the audience and

39、 Chinese culture. It also tells us if we understand what we are reading, we will know what reading really is and well become better 65 . 56.for 57.pronouncing 58 Recently 59. national 60as 61.what 62.to show 63. has become 64.importance 65. readers (2018 福建 A 卷) . 短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面的

40、短文，根据语境、音标或单词的提示，在每个空格处填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准 确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Lonnie Johnson always taking things apart(分开). He 81._ /smtamz/ put them back together. Other times he made new things from different 82._ (part). He learned how to use tools from his dad. At 13, Lonnie put an old engine(发动机) on a homema

41、de go-cart. He loved driving it around. He dreamed of 83._ inventor. By high school, Lonnie built a remote-control robot from some waste things. This won him first prize at the Alabama State Science Fair. His friends called 84._ “The Little Scientist.” In college, Lonnie was an excellent student. Af

42、ter that, he 85._ (become) an Air Force officer, rocket scientist and business leader. 86._ he never stopped inventing. You may have played with his most famous invention the Super Soaker, a kind of water gun. Lonnie got the idea for this 87._ /t/ while working on another invention. When he tested a

43、 homemade part in his bathroom, it shot water 88._ /krs/ the room. Today, Dr. Lonnie Johnson has more than 100 89._ (use) inventions. However, he still keeps 90._ (try) new things. 体裁 记叙文 话题 人物传记 词数 169 【短文大意】本文是记叙文。文章是关于朗尼 约翰逊的一篇人物传记。朗尼 约翰逊是一位发明家，从小他 的动手能力就很强，且对事物充满了好奇心。到目前为止，他有上百个有用的发明。 81. someti

44、mes 考查副词的用法。句意：他有时会把他们放回去。根据音标及句意可知答案应为 sometimes （有时） 。故填 sometimes。 82. parts 考查名称单复数的用法。句意：其他时候，他用不同的零件做出新的东西。由空格前 different 可知 此处使用名词的复数形式。故填 parts。 83. an 考查冠词的用法。句意：他梦想成为一名发明家。inventor 首字母为元音，因此其前应使用不定冠词 an。故填 an。 84. him 考查人称代词的用法。句意：他的朋友都称他为“小发明家”。朗尼是一个男孩子，此处 call 后面接 人称代词宾格。故填 him。 85. beca

45、me 考查动词时态的用法。句意：在那之后，他成为了一名空军官员、火箭科学家和商业领袖。根据 文章可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，应用过去时态。故填 became。 86. But 考查连词的用法。句意：但是他从没有停止过发明。根据句意可知上下文之间有转折关系，即使他 已经很有成就了，但是他依然没有放弃发明东西。故填 But。 87. toy 考查名词的用法。句意：朗尼在做另一项发明的时候想到了这个玩具。根据句意及音标可知答案。 故填 toy。 88. across 考查介词的用法。句意：当他在浴室里测试一个自制的零件时, 它射出了水横穿房间。根据句意 及音标可知答案。故填 across。 89.

46、 useful 考查形容词的用法。句意：今天，朗尼约翰逊博士有上百个有用的发明。修饰名词 inventions 应 使用形容词。故填 useful。 90. trying 考查固定短语的用法。句意：然而，他仍然在尝试新事物。keep doing 为固定短语，意为“继续做 某事，一直做某事”。故填 trying。 （2018 广东深圳）语法填空。(10 分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构或上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确 形式填空。(共10小题，每小题1分) Recently, a foreign student in China gave a very touch

47、ing answer to the question: What should China be proud of? It was 46. (wide) spread online. Emma is from Canada. She came to China four years ago. Now she is 47. University student in Ningbo. The following is China in her eyes. “48. (find) a job in China can be really simple. There are more job 49.

48、(chance) here than any other country in the world. “Its public security is great. I 50. (travel) many countries so far, and I think China is really safe. “About 400 million Chinese are studying English. China has become the country 51. 。 has the greatest number of English speakers in non- English sp

49、eaking countries. “The speed of Chinese trains is high. On my 52. (three) visit to my friend in Beijing. I took a train there. From Ningbo 53. Beijing. The train runs 1,365 kilometers for only seven hours. “I think there 54. (be) many more things China should be proud of. I believe China must be much 55. (good) than other countries. 46. widely 考查形容词副词之间的转换。此处widely修饰动词spread。意思是：它被广泛传播。 47. a 考查不定冠词。university的第一个音标/j/ 是辅音。所以用冠词a. 48.Find