2018中考英语真题分类汇编：专题1、单项选择-精讲9 动词及动词短语辨析.doc

1、1 (2018 江苏淮安）11. The professor reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He _ there for 10 days. A. has been B. has got C. has reached D. has arrived 11.A 考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。句意：这位教授上个周三到了南京。他在那儿 10 天 了。for 引导的表示一段时间的时间状语提示用 be 动词的现在完成时表示状态，其它三个选 项的动词都是非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。故选 A。 (2018山东莱芜) 30. Anna is preparing

2、 for the coming exam, so she has to _ the invitation to the party. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off D. turn up 30. B【解析】考查动词短语的用法辨析。句意：安娜正在为即将带来的考试做准备，因此 她不得不拒绝这次聚会的邀请。 turn on 意为“打开”；turn down“拒绝”；turn off“关掉”；turn up“把声音调高”。根据“preparing for the coming exam”可知：为了备考，不得不拒绝参加聚 会。故选 B。 22.（2018 贵州铜仁

3、） Can I help you? The pants look very nice. Can I_? A. try it on B. try them on C. try on it D. try on them 22. B 考查动词短语。句意：有什么可以帮助的吗？这条长裤看起来很漂亮。我可 以试穿它们吗？用 them 代指 pants，动副结构的短语 try on 后接代词作宾语时，需要放在动 副结构中间。故选 B。 25. (2018. 贵州铜仁) How do you _ the yellow car? Its very cute. A. think B. like C. think

4、of D. like to 24. B 考查动词。句意：你认为这个黄色的小汽车怎么样？它很漂亮。What do you think of sth.? = How do you like? 你觉得怎么样？故选 B。 1. (2018 黑龙江哈尔滨) Boy and girls, work hard. Im sure your parents will _ you in the future. A. be famous as B. be proud of C. keep in touch 1. B 考查固定搭配用法。句意：孩子们，努力学习吧！我相信你们的父母将来都会为 你们感到自豪的。be fam

5、ous as“作为出名” keep in touch “保持联系”均与此处语境不符。 be proud of“为自豪”故选 B。 3. （2018辽宁沈阳）He look at the stars every night, but now he does not. A. had better B. used to C. ought to D. had to 3. B【解析】考查固定词组词义辨析。had better 最好; used to 过去常常; ought to 应该 做;had to 不得不; 由 but now 看出前面谈论过去,故答案选 B。句意： 他过去常常每晚 看星星，但是现在

6、他不看了。 32. (2018. 贵州铜仁) Jenny, its cold outside. _ your coat when you go out. OK, dad. A. Put away B. Put on C. Take off D. Take away 32.B 考查动词短语。句意：珍妮，外面很冷。当你出去时穿上你的外套。好的， 2 爸爸。put away 收起；put on 穿上；take off 脱下；take away 拿走，故选 B。 (2018 江苏淮安）3. The girl has to _ her grandma because her parents are wo

7、rking in another city. A. look at B. look into C. look through D. look after 3.D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个女孩必须照顾她的奶奶，因为她的父母在另一个城 市工作。Look at 注视，look into 调查，look through 浏览。根据句意，用 look after 表示“照 顾”。故选 D。 (2018山东莱芜) 28. Oh, dear! I cant find my key to the office. Dont worry. I think you might _ it in your car.

8、 A. offer B. forget C. borrow D. leave 28. D【解析】考查动词的词义辨析。句意：哎呀，天哪！我找不到我的办公室的钥匙 了。不要担心。我想你可能把它忘在你的汽车里。offer“提供”；forget“忘记”，表示想 不起来某事物或忘记做某事； borrow“借”； leave“离开； 丢下； 遗忘”。 根据“cant find my key” 可知：这里表示把钥匙遗忘在某地。故选 D。 25.（2018新疆乌鲁木齐）Id like to buy a new oven. The ones over there sell well. You can one b

9、y one to have a try. A. turn on it B. turn it on C. turn on them D. turn them on 25. D 考查动词短语用法。句意：我想要买一个新炉子。那边的那些买得很好。你可以 一个个地打开试试。turn on 意为“打开”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，宾语为代词的话必须 放在 turn 和 on 两者之间；由第一个句子提到的 the ones over there“那边的那些”为复数，因 此下文中用 them“它们”来代词。故选 D。 26.（2018新疆乌鲁木齐）My bike is broken. I will have

10、 it tomorrow morning. A. fix up B. fixed up C. repairing D. to repair 26. B 考查动词短语。句意：我的自行车坏了。明天上午我要找人修理它。“have+宾语+过 去分词”表“让人做”，故选 B。 27. (2018 云南) We can some information about this city on the Internet. A. look up B. look like C. look after D. look forward to 27.A【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我们可以在网上查询一些关于这所城市的信息

11、。look up 查阅；look like 看起来像；look after 照顾，照看；look forward to 期待。故选 A。 (2018 广西北部湾)36. the map and tell me where Shanghai is. A. Look around B. Look like C. Look at D. Look out 36. C 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：看看地图,告诉我上海在哪里。look around 看看周 围，look like 看起来像，look at 看着，look out 当心。只有 look at 合适，故答案选 C。 16. (2018 黑龙江

12、龙东)This year is the 49th Earth Day and I think we should people not to too many trees. A. call on; cut down B. call at; cut up C. call in; cut off 16. A 考查词组搭配。句意：今年是第 49 个地球日，我想我们应号召人们不要砍伐太多的 树。call on 号召；call at 拜访；call in 叫某人进来；cut down 砍到; cut up 切碎; cut off 切除。 根据句意故选 A。 （2018.吉林）31. Its a good

13、 idea to _ new words in the dictionary. A. cut up B. look up C. put up 3 31. B. 【解析】考查短语动词辨析。 句意：在词典中查找单词是个好主意。cut up 切碎； look up 查找；put up 举起，根据句意可知答案为 B。 6. (2018 江苏常州) Manager, all the machines _just now! What? Call the engineer at once. A. broke down B. turned down C. broke out D. turned out 6.A

14、 考查动词短语辨析。句意：经理，刚才所有机器都坏了！什么？抓紧给工程师打 电话。 break down“出故障； 坏掉”； turn down“调小声音”； break out“打断； 闯入”； turn out“关 掉”。根据语境可知 A 项符合题意。 10. (2018江苏徐州) I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates will _ me. A. laugh at B. agree with C. depend on D. worry about 10. A 考查短语辨析。根据句意：这个发型，我看上去是愚蠢的。所有的同学会嘲笑我

15、的。 laugh at 嘲笑； agree with 同意； depend on 依靠；worry about 担心。根据句意选 A。 8. (2018 黑龙江龙东)I prefer the failure rather than my dream. A. experience; to give up B. to experience; give up C. experiencing; giving up 8. B 考查动词搭配。句意：比起放弃梦想我更喜欢经历失败。根据 prefer to do rather than do 可知。故选 B。 5.(2018 辽宁本溪） Lin Jia, yo

16、u have a loving grandma, right? Yes, she always _ her time with me whenever I need her. A. spends B. uses C. takes D. pays 5. A 考查动词用法辨析。句意： 林佳，你有一位可爱的奶奶，对吧？ 是的，不论 何时我需要她时，她总是花费时间和我在一起。spend 花费，度过，常用 sb 作主语；use 使 用；take 花费，常用于 It takes sb some time to do sth 句型中；pay 付款。根据句意及句中主 语 she 可知，应用 spend 表示“

17、花费”，故选 A。 8. (2018 辽宁抚顺)She was an e-mail from her friend the whole morning, but it didnt come. A. explaining B. expressing C. experiencing D. expecting 8.D 考查动词辨析。由下文“但是电子邮件没有来”可知她整个早上在期待一个来自朋友的 邮件。explaining 解释；expressing 表达；experiencing 经历；expecting 期待。故选 D。 9.(2018 辽宁本溪） When will the plane _? A

18、t 2:00 this afternoon. A. cut off B. put off C. turn off D. take off 9. D 考查动词短语用法辨析。 句意： 飞机什么时候起飞？ 今天下午两点钟。 cut off 切断，中断；put off 推迟，阻止；turn off 关掉，关闭；take off 起飞，脱掉。根据答语可知， 是询问飞机“起飞”的时间，故选 D。 7. (2018 辽宁辽阳)We can useless information in the article to make it easier to understand. A. cut up B. cut

19、out C. cut into D. cut off 7. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们可以删除文章中无用的信息，让它更容易理解。cut up 切碎，cut out 删除，删去； cutinto 把切成；cut off 切除。结合句意可知，故 选 B。 12.(2018 辽宁本溪）We should always _ the people who have helped us. A. be hard on B. be thirsty for C. be afraid of D. be thankful to 4 12. D 考查短语辨析。句意：我们应该总是感激那些帮助过我们的人。be ha

20、rd on 对苛 刻，be thirsty for 渴望得到，be afraid of 害怕，be thankful to 感激。根据句意 可知，表示“感激某人，感谢某人”应用 be thankful to sb，故选 D。 5. (2018 辽宁抚顺) your dream, and go for it. I believe you can succeed in the end. A. Hear from B. Take after C. Stick to D. Depend on 5.C 考查短语辨析。由下文“去追求它。我相信你最终会成功的。”可知坚持你的梦想， hear from 收到来

21、信；take after 长得像；stick to 坚持；depend on 依赖。故选 C。 34.（2018云南曲靖)When the best singer in our class _, everyone shouted with excitement. A. look up B. put up C. showed up D. made up 34.C 考查动词短语。look up 意为“仰视；查找”；put up 意为“张贴；搭建”；show up 意为“出 现；露面”；make up 意为“编造”。句意：当我们班上最好的歌手出现时，每个人都兴奋地喊 叫起来。故选 C。 31.（20

22、18 云南昆明） Stephen Hawking, a great scientist, had a strong will (意志). His serious illness never _ him _ living a meaningful and colorful life. A. learned; from B. protected; from C. saved; from D. stopped; from 31. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：史蒂芬 霍金，是个杰出的科学家，他有着顽强的意志，他 严重的疾病从来不会阻止他远离有意义的丰富多彩的生活。learn from 向学习； pro

23、tectfrom 保护某人（某物）免收伤害；save from 从拯救；stop from 组织（某人） 做某事。结合句意可知应选 D。 32.（2018 广西玉林）Mom, what does the word “attention” mean? Oh, my dear, you should _ the dictionary and then you will get the meaning. A. look for B. look up C. look at D. look out 33. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈，你知道 attention 的意思吗？哦，亲爱的。你 应当查查词

24、典，然后你就会得到其意思。look for 寻找；look up 查询；look at 看； look out 当心，小心；由句意可知此处是妈妈让他查词典，故选 B。 (2018 内蒙古包头)30. I know what you are thinking about. I can _your mind from the look on your face. A. stay B spare C. read D attend 30.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道你在想什么。我可以从你脸上的表情_ 你的想法。stay 待，保持；spare 节省，抽出；read 阅读，读懂，理解；atte

25、nd 参加，出席。 根据句意可知，我从你的表情看出（读懂）你的想法。故选 C。 (2018 内蒙古包头)34. I m afraid I didnt _you. Could you repeat your words? A. believe B. follow C. please D. satisfy 34.B 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 我恐怕我不能_你。 你能重复一下你的话吗？believe 相信；follow 跟随，理解；please 请；satisfy 满足。根据后文大意“你能重复你说的话吗”可 推知：我没有跟上你说的话，故用 follow 表示，选 B。 (2018 内蒙古

26、呼和浩特)7. The price of vegetables so quickly these days Oh，no，but I don t think so Aafford Brises Cimproves Draise 5 7.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些日子蔬菜的价格长的太快了。奥，不，但是我 不这样认为。Afford 负担得起；rise 上升；improve 提高；raise 提高。根据句意可知选 B。 (2018 山东日照) 5.The high-speed train will_ you about two hours from Rizhao to Jinan A. save

27、 B. pay C. use D. spend 5. A【解析】考查语境及动词词义的理解。句意：从日照去济南的高铁将为你节省大约两个 小时。save 意为“节省；节约”;pay 意为“支付；付款”；use 意为“使用”；spend 意为“花费”。 故选 A。 25. （2018 新疆阜康米泉）Why were you late for schoo1 this morning? Because my alarm clock didnt go off and I_. A. changed B. completed C. overslept D. missed 25. C 考查动词辨析。change

28、 改变；complete 完成；oversleep 睡得太久，睡过头；miss 错过。 句意：今天早晨你为什么上学迟到了？因为我的闹钟没有响，我睡过头了。故选 C。 33. （2018 新疆阜康米泉） Anyone who is good at singing can_ the activity in our school. A. take part in B. take off C. take out D. take care of 33. A 考查短语动词辨析。句意：任何擅长唱歌的人可以参加我们学校的这个活动。take part in 参加； take off 起飞； take out 拿

29、出； take care of 照顾。后面的宾语是 the activity，故此 处表示参加活动。故选 A。 27. （2018 云南昆明）The government will take action to _ the problem of heavy extracurricular burden（课外负担）on primary and middle school students. A. deciding B. decide C. solving D. solve 27. D 考查动词辨析。句意：政府将采取措施解决中小学生过重的课外负担。decide 决定； solve 解决。由 tak

30、e action to do sth.可知此处用动词原形，排除 A 和 C，再结合句意可知是 解决问题。故选 D。 5. （2018 黑龙江绥化）You cant _ the bus until it stops. A. get up B. get away C. get off 5. C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到公共汽车停了，你才能下车。get up 起床；get away 逃 脱、离开；get off 下车。结合句意“车停才能下车”，故选 C。 19.(2018 吉林长春) When you meet a new word, you can _ in a dictionary. A.

31、cut it up B. clean it up C. look it up D. put it up 19. C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你碰上生词的时候，你可以在字典上查一下。cut up 切 碎；clean up 打扫干净；look up 查阅；put up 张贴，悬挂。故选 C。 (2018 内蒙古包头)33. Terry, _from your cell phone when your father is talking to you. A. look up B. look around C. look down D. look out 33.A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Te

32、rry，当你爸爸和你说话的时候，从你的手机上 _。 look up 向上看，查找；look around 四下张望；look down 俯视，向下看；look out 当心，向外看。根据语境可知，你爸爸和你说话，你要从手机上抬起头来。故选 A。 (2018 内蒙古呼和浩特)12. Hi，Susan! What are you going to do during the summer holiday? I m going to cooking because I like eating delicious food Aclean up Bput up Ctake up Dmake up 12.

33、C 考查动词短语辨析。clean up 打扫干净；put up 张贴，举起；take up 开始做，学着做； make up 组成。我将要学着做饭，因为我喜欢吃可口的饭菜。故选 C。 (2018 青海) 27. He _ his elder sister, thats why so many people think of them as twins. A. looks after B. takes after C. runs after 27. B【解析】考查动词短语用法辨析。句意：他_他的哥哥。这就是这么多人认为他 6 们俩像双胞胎的原因。 look after 意为“照料”； take

34、after 意为“长得像， 性格类似于”； run after 意为“追赶; 追求”。由“think of them as twins”可知：他和他的哥哥长的模样很像，故用 takes after。故选 B。 (2018 山东日照) 8.The windows of the plane broke about forty minutes after it_. A. got off B. took up C. got up D. took off 8.D 【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：飞机起飞大约 40 分钟后，飞机的窗子坏了。get off 意为“下车”；take up 意为“开始从事；占

35、用”；get up 意为“起床”；take off 意为“起飞”。 故选 D。 (2018 广西北部湾)33. The strawberries delicious. You can have a try. A. eat B. drink C. taste D. sound 33. C 考查动词词义辨析。eat 吃，drink 喝，sound 听起来，taste 尝起来。分析句意：这 些草莓_美味，只有尝起来符合题意，故选 C。 39. (2018 广西梧州)The Browns enjoy living in the quiet and clean places. The underline

36、d part “enjoy” means _. A. like B. hate C. want D. hope 39. A 考查动词的辨析。enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”，相当于 like。故选 A。 40. (2018 广西梧州)Mr. Smith will arrive at our school next week. The underlined part “arrive at” means _. A. get B. go C. come D. reach 40. D 考查动词的辨析。arrive at 意为“抵达；到达”；相当于 get to 或 reach。故选

37、 D。 45. (2018 贵州贵阳贵州贵阳) We should more time talking with our teachers so that they can understand us better. A. pay B. spend C. take 45. B 考查动词辨析。句意：我们应该花更多的时间与我们的老师沟通，以便他们能更好的 了解我们。spend(in) doing“花费时间做某事”，固定搭配，故选 B。 2. (2018 黑龙江齐齐哈尔黑龙江齐齐哈尔) Her father _ a taxi driver. Now he works for a charity. A

38、. used to be B.is used to being C. is 2. A 考查固定短语的用法。句意：她的爸爸以前是一位出租车司机，现在为慈善而工作。 used to 意为“过去经常”; be used to意为“习惯于”。故选 A。 (2018 福建 A 卷) 33. Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please _ the TV. A. turn off B. turn on C. turn down 33. B 考查固定短语辨析。句意：奶奶想看今日说法这个节目，请打开电视。turn off 关闭，turn on

39、打开，turn down 调低。由句意可知，奶奶想看电视，因此需要打开电视。故 选 B。 (2018 湖北恩施湖北恩施)32. Miss Li lost her purse at my home. Please . A. give it to her B. give her it C. give it her 32 A 考查考查动词短语的动词短语的用法。结构用法。结构 give sb. sth. 中中 sth.需要用名词。如果是代词，则用需要用名词。如果是代词，则用 give sth. to sb. 31. (2018 湖北黄冈) I find it difficult to learn En

40、glish well. I want to drop it. English is very important in our daily life. Never _. A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away 31. B 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我发现英语很难学，我想放弃。英语在我们的日 7 常生活中很重要，由此推知后句意为“不要放弃。”give up 放弃；give away 赠送；背叛。 据此推知 give up 符合句意，give up 是动词加副词构成的短语，代词作其宾语必须位于 give up 之间。

41、故选 B。 13. (2018 江苏无锡)I dont have much money, but Id like to buy my dad something really special, if you know what I _. A. want B. care C. mean D. prefer 13. C 考查动词辨析。句意： 我没有很多钱，但是我想要买很特别的东西给爸爸，如果 你知道我的意思的话。want 想要；care 介意，在乎；mean 意思是，意味着；prefer 更喜欢。 根据句意可知选 C。 (2018 湖北荆州) 27.We are planning a Yangtz

42、e River Perfection Day this weekend. Do you have any advice? Youd better_ signs around the school to tell all the students about that. A. make up B. put up C. set up D. show up 27. B 考查动词短语辨析。make up 编造；put up 张贴，搭起；set up 建立；show up 出现， 露面。根据 signs 可知是“张贴通告“，故选 B。 (2018 湖北荆州) 28.Summer vacation is

43、coming! I am thinking about visiting some places of interest. Why not _Jingzhou and have a look at the ancient city wall? A. come out B. come along C. come up with D. come over to 28. D 考查动词辨析。come out 出版，发行，出来；come along 出现，到来；come up with 想出，提出；come over to 过来，顺便来访。根据句意“我正考虑一些参观一些名胜古迹”可 知提出建议“为什么不

44、来荆州看看古城墙呢？”。故选 D。 (2018湖北十堰)第一节：单项选择。 （每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从所给的 A, B, C, D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 (2018湖北十堰)32. A great person once said, “if you can follow your heart and never _, your dream will come true.” I think so. I believe I will enter a good high school this year if I try hard. A. give away B.

45、give back C. give out D. give up 32.D【解析】考查短语辨析 句意：一位伟人曾经说过“如果你能追随你的心，永不放弃， 你的梦想就会成真。”我认为是这样。我相信，假如我努力学习，今年我就能进入好的高 中。give away 捐赠；give back 归还；give out 分发；give up 放弃。根据语境可知是“放弃梦 想”，故选 D。 32. （2018 湖北随州） As we _ on our new journey, we shouldnt forget where we came from. A. take out B. set out C. cut

46、 out D .blow out 32.B 考查动词短语辨析。 句意： 当我们踏新的旅程， 我们不应该忘记我们来自何处。 Take out 拿出； set out 出发； cut out 删除； blow out 吹灭。 根据题意选择 set out on our new journey 表 示动身，上路，及踏上新的旅程。故选 B。 8 30. (2018 湖北咸宁) Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week? Youd better take a train. _ the suitable trains in the timet

47、able. A. Set up B. Look up C. Take up D. Put up 30. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛丽，下周我怎么才能从武汉到达咸宁？你最好 乘火车。在时刻表上找一下合适的火车。set up 建立；look up 查找，查阅；take up 开始从 事；put up 搭建。结合后面的时刻表，故应是“查找”。故选 B。 33. (2018湖北宜昌)In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road. It has _ many nations a grea

48、t chance to communicate. A. offered B. supported C. included D. directed 33. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的五年内，中国在一带一路中扮演着重要的角 色。 它给很多国家提供一个交流的好机会。 offered“提供”， supported“支持”， included“包 括”和 directed“指示”。结合句意可知 A 项正确。 34. (2018湖北宜昌)A research suggests that walking helps people live longer. I quite agree, but it

49、 _ on when and how they walk. A. remains B. separates C. returns D. depends 34. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：调查研究表明走路帮助人们长寿。我相当赞同这 一说法，但是它取决于何时和怎样走路。remain“留下；遗留”，separate“使分开”，return“返 回；归还”和 depend“依赖，依靠”。depend on 意为“取决于，依赖”。故选 D。 38. (2018湖北宜昌)Were not supposed to _ those who failure. No one can be a winner all the time. A. turn out B. laugh at C.