2018中考英语真题分类汇编：专题8、任务型阅读-5. 阅读翻译.doc

1、(2018 辽宁盘锦)B.将下面英文翻译成中文，并将译文写在答题卡的相应位置。 （每句 1 分，共 4 分） Football is the worlds most popular and favorite sport. It is a game played by two teams with eleven members each. The game lasts for a total of 90 minutes. The team which scores the most goals is the winner. 79. _ 79. 足球是世界上最受欢迎和喜爱的运动。它由两队组成，每个

2、球队 11 名队员。每场比赛持续 90 分钟。进 球最多的球队获胜。 （B）(2018辽宁铁岭)阅读下面的短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。 （共 4 分，每小题 2 分） Among all of chinas traditional poems, Thoughts on a Tranquil night ( 静夜思) might be the most liked. It appears in traditional books including Three Hundred Tang Poems, 64. It is also a must-read poem in Chinese

3、textbooks. Today most Chinese children can recite (背诵)it at an early age. 65. In this short poem, there are not many words that are difficult to understand. With only 20 words, Li Bai was able to vividly (形象地) describe the feeling of being homesick after seeing a bright moon. The poem expresses his

4、strong feeling in clear and simple language. 64. 在中国的教材中它也是一首必读诗。 【解析】该题难点：must-read poem，必读诗。 65. 在这首短诗中，没有许多难懂的词汇。 【解析】该题考查的是 there be 句型的翻译，以及定语从句语 的翻译规则。 （B B）(2018(2018 辽辽宁宁辽阳辽阳) )阅读阅读下面的短文，下面的短文，将将短文中短文中画线画线部分的句子部分的句子译译成中文。 （共成中文。 （共 4 4 分，每小分，每小题题 2 2 分）分） In fact, exercise is just one way to

5、 lose weight. Even if you exercise every day, you might not lose weight. Thats because eating healthily is much more important. After you exercise, if you take in lots of food, you could put on weight. So pay attention to what you eat. 64. It will help you lose weight more healthily. But please ask

6、yourself. Do I really need to lose weight? The truth is that everyone has a different body type (类型). Big is beautiful, too. 65. You will find happiness when you learn to accept yourself. 体裁 说明文 话题 体育健身 词数 100 【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了锻炼对减肥的促进作用，并就此提出了一点建议。 64. 它将会帮助你更加健康地减肥。 65. 当你学会自己接受自己时，你就会发现/找到快乐。 （B） (20

7、18 辽宁葫芦岛)阅读下面的短文， 将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。（共 4 分，每小题 2 分） Look, how small this food is! 64. But it is not a model. Its real food that was made at a cooking school in the UK. At this school, students learn how to cook tiny food. The dishes are no bigger than a coin. 65. The knives and forks that the students

8、 use are about 1 cm long. They use small candles to cook, the Daily Mail reported. 【主旨大意】这是一篇短讯，文中主要介绍了英国一所学校的学生制作的一种微型食品。 64. 但是它并不是一个模型。 65. 学生们用的刀叉大约是一厘米长。 （B）(2018 辽宁本溪)阅读下面的短文，将短文中画线部阅读下面的短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文，（共分的句子译成中文，（共 4 分，每小题分，每小题 2 分）分） Chinas earliest coins have a history of more than 3,00

9、0 years. They first appeared during the Shang Dynasty（朝代）. 64. They were made of bronze（青铜）. And they were in the shape of shells（贝壳）.They looked so beautiful. 65.Later, coins which had square holes in the middle showed up. They became the most commonly used coins in ancient China. People even these

10、 ancient Chinese coins an interesting name: “Brother Square Hole.” The holes allowed people to collect the coins using strings (绳子)or sticks. They were easy to carry around. Some people even put the strings of coins around their bodies. 64.他们由青铜制成。 65.后来中间有方孔的钱币出现了。 （B）说读下面的短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。 （共 4

11、分，每小题 2 分） (2018 辽宁抚顺) Sophia（索菲亚）is a robot in Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）. She made history at a meeting on October 25th. 64.On that day, she became the first robot that got citizenship 公民身份） in the world In the future, Sophia may have the same rights as a human Saudi Arabian citizen. But not everyone is

12、happy with Sophias citizenship. Some think robots like her could be dangerous. 65. They could become enemies of humans if they go out of control. For this, Sophia said she also had values like wisdom (智慧)and kindness. Dont worry. If youre nice to me, Ill be nice to you, she said. 64.那天，她成为世界上第一个获得公民

13、身份的机器人。 65.如果他们失去控制，他们可能会成为人类的敌人。 第一节 (2018湘潭中考) 双向翻译 （共 5 小题，计 10 分） 请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。 61. What would people like to eat on their birthday? The answer would be different in different countries. In many countries, its very common for people to have birthday cakes with candles. 62. The number

14、 of candles is the persons age. The birthday person must make a wish and blow out the candles. 63. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come true. In the UK, sometimes people put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy feels happy and lucky. In China, 64. 现在也非

15、常流行在生日晚会上吃蛋糕。But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthday because they are a symbol of long life. In some places, Chinese people also like eating eggs on their birthday, because they are a symbol of good luck. 65. 生日食物也许不同，但是想法是一样的。They bring good luck to the birthday person. 题材 说明

16、文 话题 文化习俗 词数 182 【主旨大意】不同国家的人过生日时所吃的食物不同，但是想法和寓意是相通的，都承载着幸福、幸运和 长寿等美好的愿望。 61. 人们在生日那天会吃什么? 62. 蜡烛的数量和这个人的年龄相同。 63. 如果他(她)一口气吹灭了所有的蜡烛，愿望就会实现。 64. its also very popular/ common to eat cakes at birthday parties. 65. Birthday food may be different, but the ideas/ wishes are the same. . （2018湖南岳阳）写作技能（共两

17、部分，6 小题。71-75 小题，每小题 2 分；76 小题 20 分；共 30 分） A）翻译语篇 阅读下面的短文，将文中的划线部分译成汉语或英语。 Looking back at these past 3 years, I still remember many things in junior high school. We have joined all kinds of school clubs, such as acting club, music club and sports club. We have done lots of exciting things in the c

18、lubs. As a member of the acting club, 71. I have learned a lot from these activities. But the one touching me most was the acting competition which I took part in last year. That was a special competition between Group 1 and ours. It was about a Chinese traditional story and a western country story.

19、 I got a chance to act the main character. Our play (剧本) was about a village girl called Mulan, 72.she dressed up like a boy and took her fathers place to fight in the army. The play showed her love for her family, friends and country. Another boy from Group I played the emperor in The Emperors New

20、Clothes. 73.许多学生一次又一次大 笑。Especially in the last scene, the emperor walked through the city without any clothes. Everyone said his new clothes were beautiful, but a young boy told the truth. All the students watched the excellent performances given by the 2 groups. They were so excited that they didn

21、t leave until they took photos with all the performers. I did a good job at the play show. 74.每个人都喜欢我 的表演，并且我们组获胜。 75.Its difficult not to cry when we miss the wonderful days of our school life. I will set out on my new journey, but I wont forget my old days. 体裁 记叙文 话题 学校生活 词数 215 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者记

22、得三年来初中生活的许多事情，但最打动她的是一次她们组和一 组的动作表演比赛。比赛关于中国传统故事和西方国家的故事。作者有机会作为主角参与了那次比赛，演 了木兰代父从军的故事，深受学生们的喜欢。作者面临毕业并开启新的旅程，但她不会忘记那些曾经的岁 月。 71. 我已经从这些活动中学到了很多。 72. 她装扮得像个男孩，代父从军。 73. Many students laughed again and again. 74. Everyone likes my performance and our group won. 75. 当我们想念我们丰富多彩的学校生活时很难不哭。 第二节 双向翻译 阅读下

23、面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语（共 5 小题，计 15 分） (2018 湖南湘西) Everyone is good at something, but some people are truly talented. （86） Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents. （87） 才艺表演正变得越来越流行。 And of all these shows, they have one thing in common: They try to look for the best singers, the

24、 most talented dancers, the most exciting magicians, the funniest actors and so on. All kinds of people join these shows. But who can play the piano best or sing most beautifully?（88）那由你自己来决定。When people watch the shows, （89）they usually play a role in deciding the winner. And the winner always gets

25、 a very good prize. Not everyone enjoys watching these shows.（90）Some people think the lives of the performers are made up. However, if you dont take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch. 体裁 说明文 话题 娱乐活动 词数 166 【主旨大意】本文是说明文。主要介绍了时下流行的才艺表演。现在的才艺表演正变得越来越流行。人们 希望通过这类表演发现真正有才能的人，而观众也能决定谁是获胜者，

26、然而有些人也不喜欢这类节目，他 们觉得很多都是编造的。 86. 观看别人展示自己的才华很有趣。 87. Talent shows are getting more and more popular. 88. Thats up to you to decide. 89. 他们通常都扮演着决定获胜者的角色。获胜者通常会得到非常好的奖励。 90. 有些人认为那些表演者的生活都是编造的。 (2018湖南怀化湖南怀化)第三节 英汉互译 阅读下面的短文，将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。 （共 5 小题，每 小题 2 分，满分 10 分） Once upon a time, 71.There was a m

27、an who was very poor. He only had an orange tree. There were many oranges on the tree every year. One year, the man found a specially big orange on the tree. He was surprised that nobody saw so big an orange. 72. So he decided to take it to the king. The king was so pleased that he gave the man a lo

28、t of gold coins for it. 73.这个人变得富有了。 A rich man heard of it, he said to himself, Its only an orange. The king gave him so many gold coins. 74.我能得 到更多的钱 if I take my gold cup to the King. The next day, the king received the gold cup, he said to the rich man,75 what a beautiful cup! Let me show you so

29、mething wonderful. Please take this great orange. 71. _ 72. _ 73. _ 74. _ 75. _ 题材 记叙文 话题 社会生活 词数 139 以上 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位贫穷的男子只有一颗橘子树，每年树上都结许多橘子。 一年，他发现有一个特别大的橘子，于是他把它送给了国王并得到了许多金币作为奖励，他也因此变成了 富人。后来，一名富人提到后，拿着一个金杯送给国王，本想到会得到国王更多钱的奖励却没想到国王把 这个橘子奖励给了这名富人。 71.有一位非常贫穷的男子。 72.The man became rich/we

30、althy. 73.所以他决定带它给国王。 74.I can get more money. 75.多么美丽的一个杯子啊！ (2018甘肃天水). 翻译(每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容和情景，把文章中的划线句子(英语或汉语)翻译成汉语或英语。 Once upon a time, there was no tea at all in England. (96)那里的人们过去常常喝啤酒. No coffee or milk but large glasses of beer stood on the breakfast table! (97)When tea was f

31、irst brought to England, an old couple got some as a special treat. But they did not know how it should be used. The cooked the leaves in hot water, and spread them on a piece of bacon(熏肉) which they were going to have for dinner. They ate the leaves, and threw the tea away! However, (98)如今在英国，茶正变得

32、和牛奶、咖啡一样受欢迎. Tea is the leaf of a plant which grows widely in China, Japan and some other countries. Tea farmers usually grow a great many tea plants on a large piece of land. (99)When the tea leaves are ready to be picked, it is the busiest time for tea farmers in a year. They pull off the leaves a

33、nd dry them. In their spare time, they pick out the best leaves and get them ready for market. (100) In China, whenever a visitor comes into a house, he is served with a cup of tea. 体裁 说明文 话题 语言与文化 词数 219 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是茶起初从中国传播到英国的时候，英国人并不知道如何正确使 用，他们当时错误的做法令人啼笑皆非，而今在英国，茶正变得和牛奶、咖啡一样受欢迎。本文还介绍了 中

34、国的茶农是如何辛苦采茶的，以及茶是中国家庭招待客人的首选之物。 96. The people there used to drink beer. 【解析】这个句子涉及到固定用法：used to +动词原形，表示“过去 常常做某事” 。 97. 当茶第一次被带到英国的时候，作为特别的招待，一对年老的夫妇得到了一些茶。 【解析】本句为 when 引导的时间状语从句，意为“当的时候” 。句中的 was brought 是一般过去时的被动语态，意为“被带 到” 。名词 couple 意为“一对；夫妻俩” ；介词 as 意为“作为” 。 98. Nowadays / Now in England, te

35、a is becoming as popular as milk and coffee. 【解析】表示“正变得” ，要用 现在进行时，主语是不可数名词 tea，故用 is becoming。固定用法：as +形容词的原级+as，意为“和一 样” 。 99. 当到了准备采摘茶叶的时候，对于茶农来说，这是一年当中最忙的时候。 【解析】when 引导的时间状语 从句，意为“当的时候” 。句中的 be ready to do sth. 是固定用法，意为“准备好做某事” ；be picked 是 被动语态，意为“被采摘” 。the busiest 是形容词的最高级，意为“最繁忙的” 。 100. 在中国

36、，无论什么时候有拜访者来到家里，(主人)总是泡一杯茶来招待他。 【解析】连词 whenever 意为 “无论何时” ；is served with 是一般现在时的被动语态，意为“被招待，被服务” 。 (2018 湖南常德湖南常德)第一节英汉互译（共第一节英汉互译（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 10 分）分） 阅读短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。阅读短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。 You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at scho

37、ol. School is also the place where you learn to get on well with people. 61.But this is not always easy. What can you do if you just dont like one of your classmates? 62. If you discover that you have problems getting on with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn Is tolerance

38、. Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others. We cannot change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. Getting to know someone may help you understand why he does th

39、ings differently. Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us to keep a temperate and open mind. You need to remember an old saying, 63. Treat others how you want to be treated. If you tolerate something.It does not mean that you have to like it.64 现在，没有人要求你改变自己.To

40、lerance Just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change. It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make everyones life easier. 65 学会接受能力兴趣与自己 不同的人。 The world is very different and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make

41、 a difference. 体裁 议论文 话题 人际交往 词数 262 【主旨大意】本文为议论文。文章针对学生在学校如何与其他人相处的话题进行议论，并给出了自己的一 些观点。 61.但这并非总是很容易。 62.如果你发现你和同学、朋友相处困难时，需要学习的最重要的事是宽容。 63.将心比心。 64.Nobody is asking you to change yourself./who you are. 65.Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests. (2018湖南株洲)第一节 双向翻译（共 5 个

42、小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。 In our daily life, much plastic package is used just once and then thrown away. According to a new study from the University of California, 9% of this is recycled（回收利用） ，12% is burnt and 79% goes to landfill. And because most plastic doesnt biodegrade（生物降

43、解）,once its in the ground, it stays there. 61.The study also shows that eight million tons of plastic waste are pouring into the sea every year. Scientists have calculated the total amount of plastic ever made: 8.3 billion tons. Thats as heavy as one billion elephants. And almost all of it has been

44、made in the last 65 years. 62.每个人都应该参与拯救地球。Protecting the environment is protecting ourselves. If the environment is taken good care of, we can have clean water and green mountains.63.绿水青山就是金山银山。 What can we do as students? Just say no to single-use plastics like straws, cups and bags. Many people l

45、ove to drink from a straw or use plastic to carry things, but they are really bad for the environment. 64. Bring your own chopsticks if youve planning to eat outside. It can be hard to remember. Just put a pair of chopsticks in your bag before you leave home. You know youre going to need some water

46、to get you through your day. So carry a bottle(or a cup)with you.65.That will help you avoid plastic bottles. 体裁 说明文 话题 世界与环境 词数 240 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍塑料乱扔的严峻性，由于塑料不能生物降解，对环境的污染是 严重的。最后讲了保护环境的必要性和学生该如何做来保护环境。 61.研究还表明，每年有八百万吨塑料垃圾涌入大海。 【解析】此句是复合句，that 引导的宾语从句，作 shows 的宾语，plastic waste 塑料垃圾，pour into

47、 倒入，注入。 62.Everyone should take part in saving the earth【解析】should 应该，take part in 参加，参与。 63. Clear river and green mountains are worth piles of gold and silver.【解析】piles of 成堆的。 64.如果你打算在外面吃饭，请自带筷子。Bring your own chopsticks if youre planning to eat outside.【解析】 此句是 if 引导的条件状语从句， 主句是祈使句； plan to do

48、sth.计划做某事。 65.这可以帮助你避免塑料瓶。 【解 析】习惯用法：help sb.do sth.帮助某人做某事，plastic bottles 塑料瓶。 . 写作技能（三部分，共 11 小题，计 32 分） 第一节 (2018湖南长沙) 语篇翻译 阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成中文或英文。 （共 5 小题，计 10 分） People have been trying to find out if homework is good or bad for school children, and they have different opinions. 65. some people

49、think that homework is an important part of learning for students. They believe it not only enables children to practice what they have learned in class, but also helps improve their handwriting. They also say that homework helps teach children how to work on their own. 66. Also, its a skill which is useful to them in future life. Others disagree, though 67.他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多