（新教材）人教版(2019)必修第二册 第四单元语言点详解.docx

1、2019 版版高中英语必修高中英语必修 2 第四单元语言点详解第四单元语言点详解 第一部分词汇第一部分词汇 1. 英汉对译英汉对译 (红色为重点词汇红色为重点词汇) mansion cemetery descendant heel chief puzzle currency conquer fascinating courtyard feast dot roar scent stew sensory striking transition Wales Scotland Northern Ireland Anglo-Saxon Norman the Normans Battle of Hasti

2、ngs Roman Van Gogh the Emerald Isle Irish Achilles heel butter honey gallery county snack roll pub wine beer military landscape cattle nearby ocean 2. 词形变化词形变化 philosophyphilosopher kingdomkingqueenprinceprincess defensedefenddefensiveoffence offend defendant (被告被告)offensive(冒犯的，令人不愉快的冒犯的，令人不愉快的) ev

3、idenceevidentevidently achievementachieve announceannouncement announcer generousgenerositygenerously Confucius Confucianism Confucianists poetpoempoetrypoetic 3. 课本课本词汇词汇 tradition culture historic noticeable equivalent hostel 招待所招待所 specify funeral sense idiom shorten king 翻译下面各句子中蓝色单词的含义。 1). His

4、tory is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. 历史学不只是对陈旧物品和过往的事件研究。 2). Actually, theres something interesting to see in every corner of Paris: the old buildings, neighborhoods, and the _ (history) monuments. (historical) 3). Because of all this extra time, there was no

5、sense of urgency to do my school work immediately. (没有意义) 4). He must have sensed that I was looking at him. (一定感到) 5). In that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. (从那个角度来说) 6). The workers pay was raised and their working hours were shortened. (

6、动词-缩短) 7). If you want a king-sized bed, please call in advance. (形容词-超大号的) 4. 列举掌握列举掌握 1). individual 既可以做名词，也可以做形容词，“个体，个人的” 例句：例句： Its up to the government to uphold the rights of individual citizens. 政府有责任维护每个公民的权力。 He is a stubborn individual who does everything by the book. 他是一个顽固不化死抠教条的人。 In

7、baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories. Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.(词形变化) To help determine the ingredients of attraction,

8、 researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each others individuality. (词形变化-名词个性) 2). legal 形容词：法律的，合法的 例句：例句：Is it legal for boys of that age to drink alcohol? 法律允许那个年龄段的男孩子喝酒吗？ Legal action is being taken to try to recover the m

9、oney. 正在采取法律诉讼去收回那笔钱。 For legal reasons, most restaurants have a policy against giving away food waste. (法律上的) False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment. (违法的) 3). surround 动词，包围，围绕。 例句：例句：They lived in the remote valley, pleasure surrounding them. 他们隐居山谷，其乐融融。 Passersby on a busy s

10、treet surround and comfort a small girl who has become lost. 繁华街道上的路人围拢过来，安慰迷路的小女孩。 Now we live in a world _ by the cant do attitudes. (surrounded) _ yourself with people wholl provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals. (Surroundi

11、ng) Determining where we are in relation to our _ remains an essential skill for our survival. (surroundings) And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. (surrounding) 4). location 名词，位置 例句：例句：The general tried to locate

12、the enemys camp. 将军设法想要定位敌人的军营。 The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the location is perfect. 租金合理，再者，位置绝佳。 The school is located near the river. 学校就位于小河附近。 In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the _ was considered a poor area of town. (location) Fire extinguishers are loc

13、ated _ each floor and in each apartment. (on) _where the belt meets the road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. (Located) Whenever you move to a new area, you should _ the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room. (locate) 5). battle 名词表示争斗、战斗、奋斗、努力，

14、动词，表示战斗，为什么而努力。 “battle”后面要加的介词视情况而定，可以是 for, against, over, with 等。 例句：例句：All the villagers , men and women , old and young, took part in the battle against the drought. 全体村民，无论男女老少，都加入抗旱的斗争。 The two men fought a battle over land and water rights. 这两个男人为土地和水的使用权发生了争斗。 It was all about the battle ag

15、ainst my own body and mind. Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally fumy and frightening, but theyre also inspirational. Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. When the polluting industries argue t

16、hat weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, its a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual. 6). port 名词表示港口。 例句：例句：There is only one port along this rocky coast. 这个多岩石的海岸只有一个港口。 Big cities usually have air ports within their outskirts. 通常大城市都

17、有空港在城市的外围。 During my time, a portable walkman would made my day.（portable,便携的，可移动的） 在我的那个时代,一个随身听就会让我很高兴。 7).announce 动词，宣布。 例句：例句：It has been announced that Mr. Smith and Miss Brown will be married next week. 史密斯先生和布朗小姐已经宣布在下结婚。 You are expected to announce the meeting date to everyone before Frida

18、y. 你应该在本周五前向所有人宣布会议的日期。 Lately Turkey and Iran met frequently,_ plans to build bases. (announcing) How did the White House respond to Fords _ to bring some production. (announcement) I wonder if you can tell me a little bit about your job as a radio _. (announcer) 8). generous 形容词，慷慨的，大方的。 例句：例句：It

19、was generous of you to forgive me. 您太宽宏大量了，宽恕了我的过错。 She was a warmhearted, generous old lady. 他是一个热心、慷慨的老太太。 We cannot achieve such an amazing accomplishment without_ support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. (generous) He got a fine fame for being generous _ his money

20、to help others. (with) Thank you for contributing _ to the scholarship fund. (generously) While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show _ and sympathy. (generosity) 9). ancestor 名词, 祖先。 例句：例句：He did not know from which part of Africa ancestor had co

21、me. 他不知道祖先来自于非洲的什么地方。 The bone structure of our _ developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. (ancestors) 人类祖先的骨骼已经发展了上万年，足以支持这种靠四肢行走、头颅相对较小的生灵。 10). greet 动词，表示“欢迎、致意、打招呼、最先映入眼帘等”。 例句：例句：Therefore we went to the library a little ea

22、rlier to greet him. 因此我们稍微早些去图书馆迎接他。 A waiter comes up to greet them. 一位服务生走上前来迎接他。 I hate to greet the committee with bad news, but it cant be helped. 我不想让委员会人听到坏消息，但是又无可奈何。 Hundreds of fans jammed the airport_(greet) them. (to greet) Each of these other forms of _ is appropriate in other parts of

23、the world. (greeting) 11). custom 名词，习惯，惯例。加 S 后为“海关”。 例句：例句：They kept to the custom to hold their wedding. 他们按风俗举行了婚礼。 They went through our luggage at the customs. 在海关他们检查了我们的行李。 12). ensure 动词，确保。动词，确保。 例句：例句：A letter of introduction will ensure you an interview. 凭一封介绍信准保会接待你. Ensure that all the

24、 waste is properly and safely disposed of.一定要适当且安全地处理所有废料. _(ensure)the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should make certain the red light is working. (To ensure) 5. 重点掌握重点掌握 1). join 动词，参加，加入动词，参加，加入, 表示成为什么的一员。表示成为什么的一员。 例句：例句：The girls froze him off when he wanted to join the party. 当他想参

25、加舞会时,姑娘们拒绝了他. Would you join us in a walk? 您乐意跟我们散步吗？ Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities. Well need you to join the gym, and then you could find out which classes fit your schedule the best. There they joined Dannys mother, Diana, who

26、 owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Ways of arts promoting our economy arts activity demands a joint effort. A Branch point in a network is a point where three or more conductors are joined. 2). break away from，“break”形成的短语很多，是一个高产的动词。 例句：例句：The company wants to break away from its downmarket imag

27、e. 公司想要摆脱面向低消费阶层的形象。 Hi, what will you do with your broken cellphone? 嗨，你的坏手机打算怎么处理？ It is very hard to break a code without the code book. 没有破解码破译一个密码很难。 单句语法填空：单句语法填空： He broke _ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers. (down) Her friends came to help her when the war broke _. (out) Br

28、eaking _ firms like Google _five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. (up, into) When a new day_, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day. (breaks) Recent studies show that we are far mor

29、e productive at work if we take short _ regularly. (breaks) Approaching the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the _ window. (broken) As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. Code_ never lags (落后) far behind code making. (breaking) Ideally, the system w

30、ould tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. 翻译-(崩溃，名词) 3). belong 不及物动词，属于 例句：例句：These benches belong under the trees. 这些长条凳该放在树下。 Whales belong among the mammals. 鲸属于哺乳动物。 The Brit

31、ish and Dutch belong to the same race. 英国人和荷兰人是同一种族。 The students feel that they belong to a particular group. Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost ,

32、 it was not replaced. 4). as well as 介词，表示介词，表示“和和” 例句：例句：In the city there are many black people as well as white people. 在这个城市里既有黑人又有白人。 Wearing the right shoes and clothes as well as being fit can make all the difference. 穿上合适的衣服和鞋子，加上强健的体魄，情况肯定会大不相同。 单句语法填空：单句语法填空： Amy, as well as her brothers,

33、_ (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. (was given) 翻译划线部分翻译划线部分： As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss. 翻译-（和（和/以及）以及） A desk dictionary is medium-sized, generally containing over 170, 000 entri

34、es as well as extra features.翻译-(以及以及) But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. 翻译-(有多好有多好) 5). defense 动词，防卫，守护，辩护。 例句：例句：He found the best lawyer in town to defend him. 他找城里最好的律师为他辩护。 The cat fought fiercely to defend its young. 猫拼命守护自己的小猫。 单句语法填空：单句语法填空：

35、 Standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being _. (defensive) People coming from all fields of the country fought _ defense of their country. (in) Many competitive athletes will join in the race including the _championship. (defending) 6). keep your eyes open for 首先这是一个非常有用

36、的宾补结构, 其次，open 这个单词的意思也很丰富。 例句：例句：A man who loses his job tries to keep his head above water until he finds a new job. 一个失业的人尽量维持生计直到找到一份新工作。 The experiment kept us busy for three months. 实验让我们忙活了 3 个月。 翻译下面句子的划线部分翻译下面句子的划线部分： As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is gr

37、owing for biometric technologies to keep others out of private e-spaces. 翻译-(防止他人进入自己的网络空间) Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. 翻译-（时刻牢记） E-mails are then sent to the bookcrossing to keep them _

38、 (update)about where their books have been found.(updated) In general, keep an eye _ their property while they are gone. (on) Now, we have our smartphones to keep US company at the table. 翻译-(让手机成为我们进餐时的伴侣) The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. 翻译-(防止某物种被另一物种灭绝

39、) Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not. 翻译-(让门开着) Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. 翻译-(对公众开放的) 7). charge 它的词性有 2 个，一个是动词，一个是名词。而且词意也很丰富。 例句：例句：Please charge the meal to my account. 请把这顿饭记到我的账下。 If we charge it with e

40、lectricity, it will become magnetic. 如果充上电, 它就会带有磁性. I shall put the class in the charge of an experienced teacher to bring the children under control. 我将派一个有经验的老师去那个班管理孩子们. If his reactions are so slow, he shouldnt be in charge of a bus. 如果他的反应太慢，就不应该开公交汽车。 Im going to say, quite to the contrary, t

41、he positive charge is concentrated at the center in a tiny, tiny, tiny volume. 我要说的是，完全相反，正电荷集中在中心,在一个非常非常小的体积内。 单句语法填空：单句语法填空： Admission is _ normal charges and you dont need to book. (at) Far from _ consumers high prices, many of these services are free users pay, in effect, by handing over yet mo

42、re data. (charging) The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. 翻译-(猛冲) We, in fact, borrow oxygen or steal oxygen from the air free _ charge. (of) 8). Approach 本词最常见的两个词性：动词，靠近；名词，方法。 例句：例句：At the approach of cold weather, the troops were unable to keep holding the

43、 field. 寒冷的天气一来, 部队就无能力战斗了。 The scout made a stealthy approach to the enemy position. 侦察兵偷偷地靠近敌军阵地. 单句语法填空：单句语法填空： Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman _ from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. (approached) They took a more reasonable approach, conveying to their

44、children how success at school could improve their lives. 翻译-(方法) Chinas approach to_(protect) its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide. (protecting) Absorbed in painting, john didnt notice evening _(approach). (approaching) 9).

45、 position 位置，职位，既可以做动词，也可以做名词。 例句：例句：Mr. White occupies an important position in the Ministry of Education. 怀特先生在教育部里担任要职. Claire positioned herself so as not to block Davids line of sight. 克莱尔为了不挡住戴维的视线挪了一下位置。 单句语法填空：单句语法填空： I paused to catch my breath and then _(position) myself to take the best p

46、hoto of this panorama. (positioned) Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer_ across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups. (positions) 10). eager 形容词，热切的，渴望的。 例句例句：He is always willing and eager to do

47、 extra work. 他对分外的工作总是抢着干. He was desperately eager for an affirmative answer. 他非常渴望得到一个肯定的回答。 单句语法填空：单句语法填空： Some of us were confident and eager_(take) part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. (to take) In their _ to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the o

48、nly way of understanding the world. (eagerness) In the past, the young have _ participated in national service and civic affairs, often with lots of energy and idealism. (eagerly) 11). Crowd 动词，拥挤；名词，人群。动词，拥挤；名词，人群。 例句：例句：The football match came to an end, and the crowd soon cleared away from the gr

49、ound. 球赛结束，人群很快从场地散尽。 A crowd of people were waiting in front of the gate. 一大群人等在门前。 单句语法填空：单句语法填空： The city_ with disappointed people with no interest in settling down. (was crowded) They have had hundreds of hours of airport training, so they are used to having luggage and people _ around them. (crowding) After the Netherlands, Britain is Europes most _ country. (crowded) Setting out early in