人教版八年级下册英语导学课件：Unit 6-8 单元语法归纳与练习.zip

单元语法归纳与练习单元语法归纳与练习 状语从句状语从句 1.1.时间状语从句时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,not.until,aswhen,as,while,before,after,since,not.until,as soonsoon as,wheneveras,whenever 等来引导。等来引导。 AsAs soonsoon asas hehe comescomes back,Illback,Ill telltell himhim thethe goodgood news.news.他一回来我就告诉他这他一回来我就告诉他这 个好消息。个好消息。 2.2.原因状语从句原因状语从句 原因状语从句通常由原因状语从句通常由because,since,asbecause,since,as 等连词引导。等连词引导。 HeHe didntdidnt comecome toto schoolschool becausebecause hehe waswas ill.ill. 他因为病了他因为病了, ,所以没来上学。所以没来上学。 3.3.结果状语从句结果状语从句 结果状语从句由结果状语从句由so.that,such.that,soso.that,such.that,so (that)(that)引导。引导。 HeHe isis soso poorpoor thatthat hehe cantcant buybuy a a bikebike forfor hishis son.son. 他太穷了他太穷了, ,不能为他的儿子买辆自行车。不能为他的儿子买辆自行车。 MyMy pencilpencil fellfell underunder thethe desk,sodesk,so (that)(that) I I couldntcouldnt seesee it.it. 我的铅笔掉到课桌下面了我的铅笔掉到课桌下面了, ,以至于我看不到它了。以至于我看不到它了。 4.4.条件状语从句条件状语从句 条件状语从句通常由条件状语从句通常由if,unlessif,unless引导。引导。ifif引导的条件状语从句中引导的条件状语从句中, ,主句用一般主句用一般 将来时将来时, ,从句用一般现在时从句用一般现在时, ,遵循遵循“主将从现主将从现”的原则。的原则。 WhatWhat shallshall wewe dodo ifif itit snowssnows tomorrow?tomorrow? 如果明天下雪我们将做什么如果明天下雪我们将做什么? ? DontDont leaveleave thethe buildingbuilding unlessunless I I telltell youyou to.to. 不要离开这座楼不要离开这座楼, ,除非我告诉你离开。除非我告诉你离开。 5.5.比较状语从句比较状语从句 常用常用as(so).as,thanas(so).as,than 引导。引导。 JimJim runsruns fasterfaster thanthan Tom.Tom.吉姆比汤姆跑得快。吉姆比汤姆跑得快。 ThisThis riverriver isis almostalmost asas longlong asas thatthat river.river. 这条河和那条河几乎一样长。这条河和那条河几乎一样长。 6.6.让步状语从句让步状语从句 让步状语从句通常由让步状语从句通常由although,thoughalthough,though 等连词引导。等连词引导。 AlthoughAlthough I I amam tired,Itired,I mustmust gogo onon working.working. 虽然我累虽然我累, ,但我必须继续工作。但我必须继续工作。 7.7.目的状语从句目的状语从句 由由soso (that),in(that),in orderorder thatthat等引导。等引导。 WeWe startedstarted earlyearly soso thatthat wewe couldcould catchcatch thethe firstfirst train.train.我们很早就我们很早就 出发出发, ,以便我们能赶上第一班火车。以便我们能赶上第一班火车。 单项选择单项选择 ( ( )1.Tony)1.Tony waswas drawingdrawing a a picturepicture I I waswas doingdoing mymy homework.homework. ( (20182018 天津天津 ) A.ifA.if B.becauseB.because C.whileC.while D.untilD.until ( ( )2.Tom)2.Tom willwill gogo toto seesee hishis uncleuncle hehe getsgets toto Shanghai.Shanghai. ( (20182018 邵阳县期末邵阳县期末 ) A.soA.soB.asB.as soonsoon asas C.andC.and C C B B ( ( )3.I)3.I paintedpainted thethe apartmentapartment quicklyquickly mymy parentsparents couldcould movemove inin soon.soon. A.althoughA.althoughB.unlessB.unless C.soC.so thatthat D.asD.as soonsoon asas ( ( )4.Bob,dinner)4.Bob,dinner isis ready.Pleaseready.Please washwash youryour handshands youyou eat.(eat.(20182018 河北河北 ) A.untilA.untilB.afterB.after C.whileC.whileD.beforeD.before ( ( )5.I)5.I alwaysalways getget upup earlyearly onon weekdays,weekdays, ImIm afraidafraid I I willwill bebe latelate forfor school.(school.(20182018 黄石黄石 ) A.becauseA.because B.soB.so C.thoughC.though D.thenD.then C C D D A A ( ( )6.I)6.I havehave toto studystudy tootoo muchmuch I I dontdont getget enoughenough sleep.sleep. ( (20182018 岳阳岳阳 ) A.butA.butB.soB.soC.orC.or ( ( )7.Can)7.Can studentsstudents gogo onlineonline duringduring lessons?lessons? TheyThey cancan itit isis forfor thatthat lesson.(lesson.(20182018 江西江西 ) A.ifA.ifB.orB.or C.soC.soD.butD.but ( ( )8.I)8.I reallyreally wantwant toto passpass thethe examexam forfor furtherfurther study.study. BelieveBelieve inin yourself,dear!yourself,dear! YourYour dreamdream willwill comecome truetrue . . youyou putput youryour heartheart intointo it.(it.(20182018 菏泽菏泽 ) A.evenA.even ifif B.asB.as longlong asas C.asC.as soonsoon asas B B A A B B ( ( )9.Little)9.Little JackJack hashas learnedlearned toto dodo lotslots ofof thingsthings onon hishis own,own,. . hehe isis onlyonly fourfour yearsyears old.(old.(20182018 安徽安徽 ) A.ifA.ifB.thoughB.though C.forC.forD.sinceD.since ( ( )10.You)10.You mustntmustnt drivedrive a a carcar onon thethe roadroad youyou getget a a driverdriver s s license.(license.(20182018 长沙长沙 ) A.unlessA.unless B.ifB.if C.sinceC.since B B A A单元语法归纳与练习单元语法归纳与练习 形容词与副词的比较等级形容词与副词的比较等级 一、形容词、副词比较等级概况一、形容词、副词比较等级概况 二、用法二、用法 1.1.比较级的用法比较级的用法 (1)“(1)“甲甲+ +系动词系动词(+(+倍数倍数)+)+形容词比较级形容词比较级+than+than+乙乙”表示表示“甲比乙甲比乙”或或“甲甲 比乙比乙几倍几倍”。 LessonLesson OneOne isis muchmuch easiereasier thanthan LessonLesson Two.Two. 第一课比第二课容易得多。第一课比第二课容易得多。 ThisThis roomroom isis threethree timestimes biggerbigger thanthan thatthat one.one. 这个房间是那个房间的这个房间是那个房间的3 3倍大。倍大。 (2)“(2)“甲甲+ +系动词系动词+ +形容词比较级形容词比较级+than+any+than+any other+other+单数名词单数名词+ +介词短语介词短语”表示表示 “甲比同一范围的其他任何一个人甲比同一范围的其他任何一个人/ /物都物都”,”,含义是含义是“甲在同一范围甲在同一范围 中最中最”。 TheThe YangtzeYangtze RiverRiver isis longerlonger thanthan anyany otherother riverriver inin China.China.长江比长江比 中国的任何一条其他的河都长。中国的任何一条其他的河都长。 (3)“(3)“甲甲+ +系动词系动词+the+the+形容词比较级形容词比较级+of+of thethe two(.)”two(.)”表示表示“甲是两者中甲是两者中 较较的的”。 MyMy brotherbrother isis thethe tallertaller ofof thethe two.two. 我的哥哥是那两个中较高的那个。我的哥哥是那两个中较高的那个。 (4)“(4)“比较级比较级+and+and+比较级比较级”表示表示“越来越越来越”。 HeHe isis gettinggetting tallertaller andand taller.taller.他长得越来越高。他长得越来越高。 (5)“the+(5)“the+比较级比较级,the+,the+比较级比较级”表示表示“越越,就越就越”。 TheThe moremore carefulcareful youyou are,theare,the fewerfewer mistakesmistakes youllyoull make.make.你越认真你越认真, , 犯的错误就越少。犯的错误就越少。 (6)“(6)“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ +系动词系动词+ +形容词比较级形容词比较级, ,甲甲oror乙乙?”?” WhichWhich isis bigger,thebigger,the earthearth oror thethe moon?moon? 地球和月亮地球和月亮, ,哪个更大哪个更大? ? (7)“(7)“甲甲+ +实义动词实义动词(+(+倍数倍数)+)+副词比较级副词比较级+than+than+乙乙”表示表示“甲比乙甲比乙”或或“甲甲 比乙比乙几倍几倍”。 I I gotgot upup earlierearlier thanthan mymy mothermother thisthis morning.morning. 我今天早晨起床比我妈还早。我今天早晨起床比我妈还早。 (8)“(8)“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ +实义动词实义动词+ +副词比较级副词比较级, ,甲甲oror乙乙?”?” WhoWho drawsdraws better,Jennybetter,Jenny oror Danny?Danny? 谁画得比较好谁画得比较好, ,珍妮还是丹尼珍妮还是丹尼? ? 2.2.最高级常用句型结构最高级常用句型结构 (1)“(1)“主语主语+ +系动词系动词+the+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级(+(+单数名词单数名词)+in/of)+in/of短语短语”表示表示“ 是是中最中最的的”。 TomTom isis thethe tallesttallest inin hishis class/ofclass/of allall thethe students.students. 汤姆是他班里汤姆是他班里/ /所有学生当中最高的。所有学生当中最高的。 (2)“(2)“主语主语+ +系动词系动词+one+one ofof the+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+ +复数名词复数名词+in/of+in/of短语短语”表示表示 “是是中最中最之一之一”。 BeijingBeijing isis oneone ofof thethe largestlargest citiescities inin China.China. 北京是中国最大城市之一。北京是中国最大城市之一。 (3)“(3)“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ +系动词系动词+the+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+ +甲甲, ,乙乙,or,or丙丙?”?”用于三者的比较。用于三者的比较。 WhichWhich countrycountry isis thethe largest,China,Brazillargest,China,Brazil oror Canada?Canada? 中国、巴西和中国、巴西和 加拿大加拿大, ,哪个国家最大哪个国家最大? ? (4)“(4)“主语主语+ +实义动词实义动词(+the)+(+the)+副词最高级副词最高级+in/of+in/of短语短语”表示表示“是是中中 最最的的”。 I I jumpjump (the)(the) farthestfarthest inin mymy class.class. 我是我班里跳得最远的。我是我班里跳得最远的。 单项选择单项选择 ( ( )1.Which)1.Which isis thethe secondsecond riverriver inin thethe world?world? TheThe AmazonAmazon River.(River.(20182018 朔州期末朔州期末 ) ) A.longA.long B.longerB.longer C.longestC.longest ( ( )2.What)2.What dodo youyou thinkthink ofof thethe moviemovie OperationOperation RedRed Sea?Sea? Wonderful.IveWonderful.Ive nevernever seenseen a a moviemovie thanthan it.(it.(20182018广东广东 ) A.moreA.more excitedexcited B.moreB.more excitingexciting C.mostC.most excitedexcited D.mostD.most excitingexciting C C B B ( ( )3.Everyone)3.Everyone knowsknows thatthat ChinaChina isis gettinggetting.(.(20182018 岳阳岳阳 ) A.strongA.strong andand strongstrong B.strongestB.strongest andand strongeststrongest C.strongerC.stronger andand strongerstronger ( ( )4.The)4.The bridgebridge betweenbetween thethe twotwo islandsislands isis oneone inin Shanghai.(Shanghai.(20182018 上海上海 ) A.longA.long B.longerB.longer C.longestC.longest D.theD.the longestlongest ( ( )5.Do)5.Do youyou knowknow thatthat ChinaChina isis oneone ofof countriescountries inin thethe world?world? Yes,IYes,I do.Itsdo.Its olderolder thanthan America.America. A.theA.the oldest;veryoldest;very B.old;veryB.old;very C.theC.the oldest;mucholdest;much D.oldest;muchD.oldest;much C C D D C C单元语法归纳与练习单元语法归纳与练习 现在完成时现在完成时( (一一) ) 1.1.现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法 (1)(1)表示过去已经发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果表示过去已经发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, ,常与常与 already,ever,before,just,yet,neveralready,ever,before,just,yet,never 等词连用。等词连用。 (2)(2)表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态, ,可以和表示延续的可以和表示延续的 时间状语时间状语( (如如for+for+时间段时间段,since+,since+时间点等时间点等) )连用连用, ,此时谓语动词多是延此时谓语动词多是延 续性动词续性动词, ,但在否定结构中可使用非延续性动词。但在否定结构中可使用非延续性动词。 2.2.现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成 (1)(1)肯定句式肯定句式: :助动词助动词have/has+have/has+过去分词。过去分词。 (2)(2)否定句式否定句式:havent/hasnt:havent/hasnt + +过去分词。过去分词。 (3)(3)疑问句式疑问句式: :把助动词把助动词have(has)have(has)提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答用提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答用:Yes,:Yes,主主 语语+have(has).+have(has). 否定回答用否定回答用:No,:No,主语主语+havent+havent (hasnt).(hasnt).有时可用有时可用 No,notNo,not yet.yet.或或No,never.No,never.。 .单项选择单项选择 ( ( )1.)1. youyou thethe floorfloor yet?yet? No.INo.I havent.Buthavent.But I I willwill dodo itit tonight.tonight. A.Have;sweptA.Have;sweptB.Did;sweptB.Did;swept C.Will;sweepC.Will;sweepD.Are;sweepD.Are;sweep ( ( )2.Have)2.Have youyou decideddecided whichwhich placeplace toto gogo ? Yes.IYes.I have.Ihave.I amam goinggoing toto visitvisit mymy grandparentsgrandparents inin thethe hometown.(hometown.(20182018 太原期末太原期末 ) ) A.yetA.yetB.alreadyB.already C.justC.just A A A A ( ( )3.Have)3.Have youyou everever hadhad a a WesternWestern meal?meal? ( (20182018 柳州期末柳州期末 ) A.No,ImA.No,Im not.not.B.Yes,weB.Yes,we do.do. C.Yes,IC.Yes,I have.have. ( ( )4.I)4.I anan invitationinvitation toto thethe concert.Iconcert.I cantcant waitwait toto go.(go.(20182018 河北河北 ) A.receiveA.receive B.willB.will receivereceive C.wasC.was receivingreceivingD.haveD.have receivedreceived ( ( )5.High-speed)5.High-speed trains,Mobiletrains,Mobile payment,Sharingpayment,Sharing bikesbikes andand OnlineOnline shoppingshopping areare calledcalled “four“four newnew greatgreat inventions”inventions” ofof modernmodern China.China. TheyThey ourour dailydaily liveslives moremore convenient.(convenient.( 20182018 咸宁咸宁 ) A.haveA.have mademadeB.hadB.had mademade C.haveC.have beenbeen mademadeD.madeD.made C C D D A A .用所给单词的适当形式填空用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.He6.He (not(not come)come) yet.Whatyet.What dodo youyou thinkthink hashas happenedhappened toto him?him? 7.7. IsIs thethe littlelittle babybaby inin thisthis photophoto me,Dad?me,Dad? Yes,itYes,it is.Andis.And nownow youyou (grow)(grow) intointo a a youngyoung man.man. WhereWhere doesdoes thethe timetime go,huh?go,huh? 8.Would8.Would youyou likelike toto seesee thethe moviemovie thethe FastFast & & thethe FuriousFurious 7 7 withwith me?me? Sorry.ISorry.I (see)(see) it.it. 9.9. youyou (return)(return) thethe bookbook toto thethe library?library? No.INo.I willwill returnreturn itit thisthis afternoon.afternoon. 10.May10.May I I havehave thethe keykey toto RoomRoom 425,please?425,please? I I wantwant toto havehave a a restrest inin it.it. OfOf course,wecourse,we (tidy)it(tidy)it upup already.Herealready.Here youyou are.are. hasnthasnt comecome havehave growngrown havehave seenseen HaveHavereturnedreturned havehave tidiedtidied .句型转换句型转换 11.He11.He hashas alreadyalready finishedfinished hishis homework.(homework.(改为否定句改为否定句) ) HeHe finishedfinished hishis homeworkhomework . 12.They12.They havehave foundfound thethe lostlost booksbooks already.(already.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句, ,并作否定并作否定 回答回答) ) theythey thethe lostlost booksbooks ? No,theyNo,they . 13.Julia13.Julia hashas notnot gotgot homehome fromfrom schoolschool yet.(yet.(改为肯定句改为肯定句) ) JuliaJulia homehome fromfrom school.school. 14.He14.He hasnthasnt comecome toto schoolschool becausebecause heshes illill.(.(对画线部分提问对画线部分提问) ) hehe comecome toto school?school? 15.He15.He hashas learnedlearned EnglishEnglish forfor 5 5 years.years.( (对画线部分提问对画线部分提问) ) hehe learnedlearned English?English? hasnthasnt yetyet HaveHavefoundfound yetyet haventhavent hashas alreadyalreadygotgot WhyWhyhasnthasnt HowHow longlonghashas