河南省2021届高三上学期1月期末英语试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题 含答案.doc

1、1 阅读理解专题 河南省南阳市 2021 届高三上期期终质量评估英语试题 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 After the election day in the United States, there is a period of uncertainty. Both candidates（候 选人） could claim victory, and misinformation about the result would go viral. Anger, fake news and h

2、ate speech on social media could cause tensions. So what is Big Tech planning to do about it? Twitter Twitter says after election day candidates will not be permitted to claim they have won the election before a declared result. And candidates cant tweet or retweet content that affects with the elec

3、tion process. What will it do if that happens? Twitter will direct people to resources with accurate, up-to-date information about the election status. It wont take down tweets. But these tweets（推文）will be labelled. Reddit Reddit appears to go much further than Twitter. It says information that seek

4、s to mislead or misrepresent the election results is not allowed and would be removed from the site. Reddit also has an entire page committed to what happens after the election. The site will host a series of “Ask Me Anything” events from the day after the election. Voting experts will be on hand to

5、 answer questions about the vote, and what people can expect in the coming days. YouTube YouTube says it will not allow misleading claims about voting or content that encourages interference （干扰）in the process”. It also says it will remove false content that aims to change the results of an election

6、. That goes further than Twitter and Reddit. Users will face the biggest punishment. YouTube will shut down the account permanently that posts misleading information if necessary. TikTok TikTok says it is working with independent fact checkers during the election period. It says it will remove misin

7、formation related to the 2020 election including the vote itself. It is also adding an election misinformation option to in-app reporting so that users can flag content. In short, all these social media companies are treating the election, and its aftermath（后果） very seriously. We may know in a few d

8、ays whether these measures are enough. 21. What does Twitter do with the tweets? A. It takes down tweets. B. It permits any tweets. C. It removes misinformation. D. It guides people to reliable resources. 2 22. What makes Reddit different from other Apps? A. To encourage users to flag the content. B

9、. To connect users with voting experts. C. To remove misleading information. D. To be working with independent fact checkers. 23. Which of the following Apps will give the most serious punishment? A. Twitter B. Reddit C. YouTube D. TikTok I need help! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but

10、Im not sure where to begin. I know I lack the necessary DIY skills, but luckily there are numerous books and online videos that will hopefully give me the information I need. Publications that help us to help ourselves are nothing new, but the range of them is increasing with advice being given far

11、beyond practical tasks around the house. Bookshops these days are full of titles which claim to boost your self-confidence, your wealth, your love life or your career. Some claim to improve your life within seven days! Its big business and its thought that the self-help industry is worth $10bn in th

12、e US alone. The first self-help book called How to Win Friends and Influence People was published in 1936, and has since sold 30 million copies and is still popular now. It includes guidance on how to make people like you and how to make your life happier. It might seem strange to think that we need

13、 a book to tell us how to live our lives but self-help books remain a go to remedy for those of us looking for enlightenment. There are, of course, trends in what we need help with. Emma Marshall, who works at British bookshop Waterstones, says “at the moment were in the tidying up, getting rid of t

14、hings trend. I think the trend right now is about slowing down in your life. It seems there is always something we need help with, and reading about it can be very therapeutic - it makes us feel good, even if we dont do anything about it. Of course, the internet has become the place to go to for sal

15、vation. Weve got used to searching for solutions online, and now these solutions even include how to fix or improve our lives. Interestingly, psychologist Caroline Beaton, says people called millennials are self-critical - they are aware of their own faults - which also means theyre more likely to s

16、pend time and money on self-help. Theres also a theory that the self-help industry does well during a recession - people are perhaps even more likely to reach for self-help to improve their situation. Whatever the reason for the continued interest in self-help, its good to know help is at hand when

17、we need it. The alternative to finding a happier life is just to come to terms with yourself as you are -I know, I read about it in a book! Do you believe in self-help books? 24. Where else can you get self-help advice apart from books? A. From teachers B. From friends C. From the Internet D. From p

18、arents 25. What do you know about self-books? A. They may offer you some keys to success. B. They hasnt gained great popularity. C. All of us enjoy them very much. 3 D. They can certainly improve your life within seven days. 26. Why do millennials spend more money on self-help books according to Car

19、oline Beaton? A. They are stuck in a recession. B. They realize they are not perfect. C. They are more likely to have access to books. D. They havent got used to searching for solutions online. 27. What can we infer from the passage? A. People dont have interest in self-help books. B. Accepting your

20、self as you are makes you happier. C. The self-help industry makes little difference during a recession. D. The current trend in self-help books is about rushing around and taking things easier. C What makes a person become an Olympic champion? In reality, a combination of biological environmental,

21、and psychological factors as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete. Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming a super athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain unique physical characteristics. Take a super athletes muscles, for e

22、xample. In most human skeletal muscles（骨骼肌）,there are fast-twitch fibers and slow twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers （快肌纤维） help us move quickly. They allow weightlifters to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. The legs of a super marathon runner, on the other hand,

23、 might contain up to 90 percent slow twitch muscle fibers, which generate energy efficiently and enable people to control tiredness and keep moving for a longer period of time when they exercise long or hard. Some athletes abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high a

24、ltitudes have blood that is rich in hemoglobin, which enables these athletes to run better. Cultural factors also help Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her countrys high altitude and her cultural background. As a child, sh

25、e had to run ten kilometers to school every day. Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming a super athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automat

26、ic. Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well. How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Louganis explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: Most divers think too much. he says. Theyre too much in their he

27、ads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. Shed probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash. 28. Having a lot of slow twitch muscle fibers is particularly important for. A. Weightlifters. B. Divers. C. Cyclists. D. Table

28、 tennis players. 29. What does the underlined word “attributes in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Devotes. B. Compares. C. Exposes. D. Owes. 4 30. How does Louganis deal with his anxiety according to the passage? A. By thinking too much. B. By training hard. C. By laughing at the amusing things D. By

29、speaking out. 31. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. Healthy Olympic Champions. B. Olympic Champions in the Making. C. Factors in Becoming Physically and Psychologically Healthy. D. Difference between an Athlete and an Average Person. D In the 1966 science-fiction film The

30、Fantastic Voyage, a team of scientists and doctors are shrunk to microscopic size injected into the body of an injured man to save his life. The tiny crew travels through the bodys dangerous environment to locate and repair the damaged part of the mans body. Eventually, the group manages to complete

31、 their task and the man awakens, fully cured. Such an idea sounds extraordinary to many. But what if it were possible to cure a disease like a cancer, using tiny particles injected into a person to find the cancer and destroy it without harming anything else in the body? Although it may seem like sc

32、ience fiction, tools like this are now being developed and may become common in the near future-thanks to research currently being done in the field of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology（纳米技术）is really small. The prefix “nano” refers to a nanometer, which is one-billionth of a meter. A comma on a page o

33、f a book or magazine may be more than half a million nanometer. Using this technology, it will be possible to detect cancer at a stage when there are perhaps only a thousand bad cells. Compare this to what happens today: doctors can diagnose cancer only after the dangerous cells have multiplied into

34、 millions and developed a tumor. One of the advantages of detecting and treating cancer is that the cells is less likely to be resistant to drug treatment. Right now, most cancer treatments kill not only the dangerous cells but the healthy ones as well. Nanoparticles will allow doctors to attack can

35、cerous tumors without disturbing healthy cells. Thus, it can deliver cancer-killing drugs to the cancer cells and allow doctors to deliver cancer treatment earlier, faster, and more thoroughly. Unfortunately, there are serious concerns that these same materials could have negative environment and he

36、alth effects. In recent studies, fish exposed to water containing large amounts of nanoparticles suffered brain damage. And people are at risk as well. But many scientists dont think research into its many uses should be stopped. Meanwhile, research into the uses of nanotechnology in health and othe

37、r fields continues. Whats amazing is how quickly this is evolving, says chemist Vicki Colin. even ten years ago, a lot of these applications would have seemed pretty unrealistic. Perhaps, the old movie. The Fantastic Voyage, isnt so hard to believe after all. 32. What is the reading mainly about? A.

38、 A film called The Fantastic Voyage. B. How to detect different cancers. 5 C. The dangers and side effects of nanotechnology. D. The application and development of nanotechnology. 33. What will happen if human beings are exposed to large amounts of nanoparticles? A. It will not have any influences.

39、B. It may prevent many side effects. C. They will be in danger. D. Varieties of cancers will be cured. 34. Whats the authors attitude towards nanotechnology? A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Critical D. Indifferent. 35. Which of the following statements will Vicki Colin support? A. Nanotechnology has

40、progressed a lot in the last decade. B. Ten years ago, nanotechnology were very realistic. C. Some of these applications are ten years old. D. In ten years, there have been few realistic applications for nanotechnology. 河南省郑州市 2021 届高三英语上学期 1 月第一次质量预测英语试题 第一节（共 15 小题; 每小題 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的

41、A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A We have a wide variety of small group training programs. Check out what we offer below. Reformer Pilates （普拉提） Description: Reformer Pilates will improve your balance and stability. You are guaranteed a challenging full-body workout. We will get your heart rat

42、e up through exercises that have a low effect on your joints. Reformer Pilates is for everyone. Session: Tuesday 4： 15 p. m. / Thursday 1： 30 p. m. / Friday 5： 30 p. m. All classes are 45 minutes in our Mind Body Studio. Price： $130 （6 weeks） Self Defense Description: This is a women-only program th

43、at covers the basics of self- defense . Self-defense classes can offer exercise benefits such as muscle finning and strengthening, and improved balance and coordination (协调).Such classes also help you improve your physical condition in every part of your body, your mental approach to health and fitn

44、ess and your chances of escaping from an attack. Session: Monday 6 - 30 p.m.-8：30 p. m. Price； $79 (4 weeks) 6 Boxfit Description: Boxfit is a fitness class that uses the training principles from a number of martial arts disciplines. Punching bag (沙袋)exercises and focused pad work create a time effe

45、ctive and dynamic workout. No body contact, perfect for both males and females of all fitness levels. Session: Monday, Wednesday and Friday 6-45 a. m.-7：45 a. m. Price： $140 (8 weeks) Womens Fitness Description: We are here to provide you with a unique 4-week program to help refresh your energy and

46、encourage a deeper understanding for setting and achieving health and fitness goals. Different from other fitness programs, this program is given online. Session: Monday and Wednesday l：00 p. m. -2:00 p. m. Price： $125 (4 weeks) 21. What is the benefit of Reformer Pilates? A. It trains people to los

47、e weight. B. It improves peoples mental health. C. It helps people with heart problems. D. It develops peoples balance and stability. 22. Which program will suit Lily if she wants to protect herself from an attack? A. Boxfit. B. Self Defense. C. Reformer Pilates. D. Womens Fitness. 23. What is speci

48、al about Womens Fitness? A. The training principle it uses. B. The workout it creates. C. The health and fitness goals it sets. D. The way the class is given. B I like to believe that some things in life never change. A constant, ever since I could hold a pen, has been the routine at lunch with my g

49、randfather. My grandmother will ask me how the walk was from my parents house before I take a seat at their kitchen table. Sitting in his usual spot in the comer is my grandfather. He looks up for a quick hello before heading back down to the crossword puzzle in front of him. So, how is this one com

50、ing along?” Ill ask. With a failed laugh, hell slide the crossword toward me. Carefully cut and neatly folded from his newspaper, three- quarters of it will already have been finished. Many of the clues （线索）are far too advanced for me to figure out. However, Im happy to help with the strange clue re