2021届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（新高考）（四）语法填空含答案及解析.doc

1、2021 届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（新高考）届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（新高考） （四）语法填空（四）语法填空 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we read a poem, we often imagine what the poets _(think) when they wrote or what they were doing at the time. These thoughts let us connect with the words better, as if wed created the poem _ (we

2、). Will a poem still mean as much if a compute writes it? By _ (apply) a set of programs, computers can now create all kinds of text, including research papers, books, news, stories and even poems. Computer-generated poems might be correct in both grammar and style, _, some say they still lack creat

3、ivity and true meaning, so these poems are not _ (value) to some degree. Oscar Schwartz, an Australian _ (research), created a website _ (name) “Bot or Not”. On his website, you can read poems and guess whether they _ (write) by a human or a computer. Schwartz recently gave a speech at TEDX Sydney,

4、in _ he stated that some of the websites poems were easy _ (fool) sixty five percent of human readers. He said that on his website, he hoped people would question the difference between humans and machines and be able to identify what it is that makes us human. 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式

5、。 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear _spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation._,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to

6、 write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct. There is no easy way to succeed _language learning._good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and _(them) meanings

7、, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. _we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of _(advise) for those _are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practi

8、se speaking and _(write) the language whenever we can. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Marshall Helm, _ 80-year-old Air Force ex-soldier from Salem, Illinois, had been walking his granddaughter to the bus stop early in the morning when the bus driver drew his attention to the smoke and flames _

9、 (arise) from the house next door. Helm ran over to the endangered home and threw open the garage door only _ (find) flames climbing up one of the building _ (wall). Though the Vietnam ex-soldier has been battling cancer, he did not hesitate to charge past the flames and into the house so he could m

10、ake sure his neighbors _ (be) safe. Gary and Kathy Benjamin had been sleeping upstairs when they _ (awake) to hear Helm shouting about the fire. Although they were _ (confuse) by the noise, they managed to run into the hallway and escape with Helm _ the back door just as the flames were filling the

11、garage door he _ had come in only a minute before. Thanks to Helms quick actions, the Benjamins suffered only minor smoke intake -and even though they lost their home in the fire, they are _ (simple) grateful to Helm for saving their lives. “Lifesaver - lifesaver is all I can say, Mr. Benjamin told

12、KMOV. His wife added, Hero, hes our angel.” 四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese (肥胖的), according to research. A mother,_has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesnt smoke and only _ (drink) wine in

13、moderation, is significantly less likely _ (have) a fat child, scientists say. And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture (养育) _nature, as a mother s lifestyle appears _ (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obes

14、ity _ (reduce) even more, the study of more than 24, 000 children found. The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24, 000 children aged nine _ fourteen, born to almost 17, 000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and the likelihood o

15、f a child_ (be) obese. The mothers health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio (比例), her diet, amount of physical _ (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having _obes

16、e child. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the famous French sinologist(汉学家) Jacques Gernet said: “There is no doubt that in this sphere China has shown a greater inventiveness than any other civilization.” Indeed, Chinese are among the peoples of the world _ have been particularly preoccupied

17、 with food and eating. This food culture _ (form) since the ancient time and is deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture. With over 5000 _ (name) dishes, Chinese cuisine is as varied as the countrys different peoples and geographical areas. Traditionally, Chinese cuisine is meant _ (enjoy) for i

18、ts appearance and aroma, taste and texture, balance and harmony of yin and yang elements, and its nutritious properties. In Chinese cuisine, rice is the symbol of life _ (it). It is added to many dishes and cooked in various ways. Rice is also one of the ancient seven basic _ (necessary) of life. Ap

19、art from rice, the consumption of meat has been a symbol of wealth and status throughout Chinese history. Most people could not afford meat, _ (make) tofu an important source of protein. Today, Chinas rising economy means that more meat is being eaten _ a daily basis. Pork is the most popular meat i

20、n Chinese cuisine, followed by beef and mutton. Many Chinese regions have their own cooking styles which has been influenced by the climate, the distribution of crop and animal _ (vary), the type of terrain, distance to the sea, the influence of neighboring nations and the import of ingredients and

21、flavors. Naturally, seafood is dominant in coastal regions of China, _ in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang there is a dependence on meat such as beef and lamb. 六、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Having a WiFi connection is no guarantee of a pleasant internet experience. If _ signal is weak, youll spend

22、 a long time staring at a loading bar. Now a group of engineers at the United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)may have a _ (solve).They _ (design)a “smart surface” that can boost the WiFi signal in your home by nearly 10 times. The smart surfaces are paper-thin, so they can be insta

23、lled like wall-paper. They contain thousands of tiny antennas(天线)but dont need power or wiring. All they do is reflect _ (signal).A smart surface can work both as a mirror or a lens to focus radio signals onto the right devices. By doing so, it increases the median signal strength by nearly 10 times

24、, _ (double)the median channel capacity in an office environment. According to the researchers, the smart surfaces would allow _ (small) devices to be made, like tiny sensors that detect the indoor pollution levels or those that monitor machines in a warehouse. These were _ (previous)believed to be

25、too small _ (give)off a strong enough WiFi signal. In addition _ easy usage, it will probably be relatively cheap. According to the estimations, such a setup could probably cost you a few cents per antenna. _ bright side is that it would consume less power compared to conventional systems. 答案以及解析答案以

26、及解析 一、 答案：1. were thinking 2. ourselves 3. applying 4. however 5. valuable 6. researcher 7. named 8. were/are written 9. which 10. to fool 解析： 这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了不同的人对“如果计算机写了一首诗,它还会有同样的意义 吗?”这个问题的不同看法。 1.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:当我们读一首诗的时候,我们常常想象诗人写的时候在想什么, 或者他们当时在做什么。 分析句子可知,what 引导的宾语从句中缺谓语,且根据句意,本句表达 过去正在发生的事情,

27、应用过去进行时;主语是 the poets,所以系动词用 were。故填 were thinking。 2.考查反身代词。分析句子可知,主语是 we,根据句意,表达的意思是“就好像我们自己创作了 这首诗”,所以用与 we 一致的反身代词,ourselves“我们亲自”。故填 ourselves。 3.考查动名词。 句意:通过应用一套程序,计算机现在可以生成各种文本,包括研究论文、 书籍、 新闻、故事甚至诗歌。by doing sth.“通过做某事”,此处应用动名词作介词 by 的宾语。故填 applying。 4.考查副词。句意:计算机生成的诗歌在语法和风格上都是正确的,但有人说它们仍然缺乏创

28、 造性和真正的意义,因此这些诗歌在某种程度上来说并没有价值。分析句子可知,前后句子是 转折关系,再根据空格前后都有逗号,故此处用副词 however 符合语境。故填 however。 5.考查形容词。分析句子可知,空格前有系动词 be,所以空格处填形容词,构成系表结构。故填 valuable。 6.考查名词。句意:澳大利亚研究员奥斯卡 施瓦茨创建了一个名为“机器人与否”的网站,在他 的网站上,你可以阅读诗歌并猜测它们是由人写的还是由计算机写的。分析句子可知,此处应 用名词作 Oscar Schwartz 的同位语,故用指人的名词 researcher,由 an 可知用单数名词。故填 resea

29、rcher。 7.考查非谓语动词。 分析句子可知,空格在这里作后置定语,且与所修饰的名词 website 是被动 关系,所以用动词的过去分词形式。故填 named。 8.考查被动语态与主谓一致。分析句子可知,whether 引导宾语从句,主语 they(诗歌)与谓语 write 是被动关系;主句是一般现在时,结合语境可知,从句使用一般现在时和一般过去时均可。 综上,故用一般现在时的被动语态或一般过去时的被动语态,主语是复数,be 动词用 were 或 are。故填 were/are written。 9.考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。分析句子可知,逗号后面是非限制性定语从句,先行词 是

30、speech,空格前有介词 in,应用关系代词 which。故填 which。 10.考查非谓语动词。句意:最近施瓦茨在悉尼 TEDX 上发表了一次演讲,他在演讲中说,网站 上的一些诗歌很容易骗过 65%的读者。主语+be + adj.+to do 是固定搭配,不定式充当的是结 果状语。故填 to fool。 二、 答案： 1. it 2. Thirdly 3. in 4. A 5. to memorize 6. their 7. If 8. advice 9. who 10. writing 解析： 1.it; 考查代词,根据主句中出现的the language可以判断从句中hear的宾语是

31、上文出现的language 一词,故用 it 来代替. 2.Thirdly;考查序数词,根据上文出现的Firstly, Secondly,等内容可以判断此处是指第三项内容, 故填 Thirdly. 3.in;考查介词,根据句意可知此处指在语言学习方面没有通向成功的捷径,在哪方面成功应 该用介词 in,如 succeed in doing sth. 4.A;考查冠词,Memory 指好的记忆力时,是可数名词,用不定冠词 a 表示泛指. 5.to memorize;考查非谓语动词,此处是 it is + adj + to do 结构,在句中 it 是形式主语,不定式 to memorize 是真正

32、的主语. 6.their;考查代词,根据 and 前的内容可以判断此处指那些单词的意思,修饰名词用形容词性物 主代词,填 their. 7.If;考查连词,根据句意可知前后句之间是一种假设关系,用连词 If 一个条件状语从句. 8.advice;考查名词,介词 of 后面应该用名词作介词的宾语,故填 advice. 9.who;考查定语从句,分析句子结构可知 those 后面是一个定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词 those 应该是 those people,故用关系代词 who. 10.writing;考查非谓语动词,And 连接并列成分,根据前后一致的原则可知空格处应该与 speaking

33、形式保持一致,故用 writing. 三、 答案：1. an 2. arising 3. to find 4. walls 5. were 6. awoke 7. confused 8. through 9. where 10. simply 解析： 本文是一篇记叙文,一位退役老兵不顾生命危险,深入火海,救了一家人。 1. an【解析】考查冠词。此处表示泛指,指一位 80 岁的退役老兵。 2. arising【解析】考查现在分词。此处为现在分词作后置定语。 3. to find【解析】考查动词不定式。此处为 only to do,表示一种出乎意料的结果。 4. walls【解析】考查名词复数。

34、根据其前的 one of 可知,此处需用名词复数。 5. were【解析】考查时态。本文描述的是过去的事情,故此处应用一般过去时态。 6. awoke【解析】考查时态。本文描述的是过去的事情,故此处应用一般过去时态。 7. confused【解析】考查形容词。此处系动词 be 后需用形容词作表语,且主语为 they,故此处 应用 confused。 8. through【解析】考查介词。此处指通过后门,逃离火海。 9. where【解析】考查定语从句。此处先行词为 the garage door,定语从句中缺少地点状语。 10. simply【解析】考查副词。此处副词修饰动词。 四、 答案：1

35、. who 2. drinks 3. to have 4. than 5. directly 6. is reduced 7. to 8. being 9. activity 10. an 解析： 1. who.考查定语从句.句意:专家称,一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒 的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多.此处为非限定性定语从句,先行词为 mother,指人,关 系词在从句中作主语,故填 who. 2. drinks. 考查主谓一致和时态.句意参考上题解析.此处与has, exercises和eats等作并列谓语, 时态为一般现在时,应该用第三人称单数形式,故填 drink

36、s. 3. to have. 考查不定式.句意参考第 1 题解析.be likely to do 表示可能做某事,故填 to have. 4.than. 查介词.句意:研究表明,这可能更多地与后天因素有关,而不是先天因素,因为母亲的生 活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关.根据前面的more判断此处用 than 表示比较,故填 than. 5. directly. 考查副词.句意参考上题解析.修饰 linked 用副词,故填 directly. 6. is reduced. 考查时态和语态.句意:这项对 24,000 名儿童进行的研究发现,当母亲和孩子都 遵循健康的生活方式时,肥胖的风险甚至会降低更

37、多.描述的是客观事实,the risk of obesity 与 reduce 之间是被动关系,应该用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 is reduced. 7.to. 考查介词.这项研究调查了美国近 17,000 名妇女所生的 24,000 多名 9 到 14 岁的儿童的 病史和生活方式.fromto表示从到,故填 to. 8.being. 考查分词作定语.句意:研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之 间的关系.child 是逻辑主语,空格处作介词 of 的宾语用动名词,故填 being. 9.activity. 考查名词.句意:母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和

38、饮酒量 等因素决定.此处的运动表示抽象意义,不可数,故填 activity. 10.an. 考查冠词.句意:健康的体重和饮食,定期锻炼,不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一 个肥胖孩子的几率.此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子,obese 以元音音素开头,故填 an. 五、 答案：1. who 2. has formed 3. named 4. to be enjoyed 5. itself 6. necessities 7. making 8. on 9.varieties 10. while 六、 答案： 1. the 2. solution 3. have designed 4. signals 5.

39、 doubling 6. smaller 7. previously 8. to give 9. to 10. Another 解析： 1.the:特指前文的 wifi 信号。 2.solution:冠词后加名词。 3.have designed:后文时间状语是“近 10 次”,延续性的时间状语。 4.signals:天线是用于反射信号的。动词后接名词。 5.doubling:非谓语动词。 6.smaller:设备改进后允许更为小的设备,表比较。 7.previously:副词修饰动词。 8. to give: tooto 结构。 9.to:固定搭配,in addition to。 10.Another:另一个优势是,前文已叙述了一个好处。