2021届高考英语二轮复习 完形填空主题精准练-人与自然（全国卷）含答案及解析.doc

1、2021 届高考英语完形填空主题精准练届高考英语完形填空主题精准练人与自然（全国卷）人与自然（全国卷） 1. Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing t

2、hese stories, Im 4 about the place other destinations are described as purer natural experiences. However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish. I find a 7 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are

3、8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 . The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 , in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space

4、of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 14 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 15 low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland

5、17 : gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true. 1.A.keep B.mix C.connect D

6、.bring 2.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters 3.A.position B.age C.face D.name 4.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy 5.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate 6.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones 7.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean 8.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary 9.A.paying off B

7、.spreading out C.blowing up D.fading away 10.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight 11.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded 12.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose 13.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials 14.A.holding on to B.going back to C.living up to D.giving way to 15.A.chan

8、ges B.clears C.improves D.permits 16.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add 17.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake 18.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally 19.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial 20.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire 2. Were encouraged to be nice to other people. However, many pe

9、ople 1 to be nice to the environment. Nature has 2 the alarm and global warming is quite a big 3 today in the 21st century. Carbon dioxide is the largest pollutant. That 4 causes greenhouse gases to stay in the earths atmosphere, 5 the temperature of the globe, causing abnormal weather and melting g

10、laciers in the north and south. Simple things we can do every day can help 6 the earth, prevent the extinction of animals such as the polar bear, and make the earth a 7 place to live in for us and future generations to come. Ive found tons of carbon dioxide are sent out by cars every day, 8 to the c

11、limate crisis. So I decide to take 9 now to publicize the danger of carbon dioxide, or 10 do something worthwhile to help slow the rise of the weather. There are many ways for me to help reduce global warming. I often choose public 11 , buses, for example. This can 12 money and energy. I prefer to b

12、ike or walk whenever I can. Somehow, Ive 13 my body and grown muscles 14 the preference. If I have to go to a place and I cant walk, Ill share a car with others. I feel very 15 that New York city has decided to popularize hybrid(混合的) buses. I also try to 16 friends and family to do the same in order

13、 to reduce carbon dioxide release. If everyone does something to help, together we can make a 17 . People who are interested can visit the 18 www. Environmentaldefense. org to work with me. Im 19 for everyones support and lets fight together to make the earth healthy, 20 and free from pollution. 1.A

14、.resolve B.hurry C.swear D.forget 2.A.shut B.sounded C.preferred D.broken 3.A.threat B.opportunity C.mystery D.fantasy 4.A.population B.solid C.pollution D.surface 5.A.increasing B.recording C.reducing D.maintaining 6.A.destroy B.preserve C.decorate D.acknowledge 7.A.quieter B.hotter C.better D.larg

15、er 8.A.leading B.admitting C.adapting D.applying 9.A.breath B.action C.cover D.offer 10.A.never B.so C.ever D.even 11.A.transportation B.space C.justification D.entertainment 12.A.produce B.combine C.economize D.employ 13.A.enquired about B.pulled up C.cared about D.built up 14.A.as for B.thanks to

16、C.except for D.regardless of 15.A.absurd B.annoyed C.delighted D.sensitive 16.A.forbid B.urge C.warn D.permit 17.A.profit B.promise C.bet D.difference 18.A.site B.item C.channel D.charity 19.A.guilty B.qualified C.hungry D.noted 20.A.autonomous B.digital C.enormous D.clean 3.请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、

17、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 2 the species from going out of existence. Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes wit

18、h their 3 . Emma, a female crane, has been in their 4 since she arrived in 2004. Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 5 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 6 , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 7 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. S

19、he 8 to live with male cranes, and even had a 9 for killing some of them, which made it 10 for her to become a mother. 11 , the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 12 of artificial breeding(人工 繁殖

20、) and natural reproduction. This 13 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes. The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 14 , more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 15 , and many other species appear headed toward extinction

21、. 16 , not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. How can we 17 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the 18 : human beings took it for granted that their 19 held all the solutions, but

22、 maybe their hearts can be a better 20 . 1.A.growing B.migrating C.competing D.disappearing 2.A.ban B.save C.split D.remove 3.A.abortion B.recreation C.reproduction D.administration 4.A.care B.eye C.mind D.story 5.A.found B.chosen C.raised D.seized 6.A.bonus B.consequence C.victory D.sacrifice 7.A.n

23、ever B.always C.unluckily D.cheerfully 8.A.liked B.refused C.decided D.hesitated 9.A.gift B.skill C.concern D.reputation 10.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible 11.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Instead 12.A.combination B.collection C.strategy D.system 13.A.forced B.forbade C.taught D.

24、enabled 14.A.defeated B.grateful C.assured D.tolerant 15.A.list B.rise C.agenda D.decline 16.A.In contrast B.After all C.By the way D.On the contrary 17.A.leave B.bridge C.open D.identify 18.A.course B.excuse C.answer D.reward 19.A.brains B.behaviors C.services D.projects 20.A.guide B.treat C.exampl

25、e D.companion 4. On the edge of the South Pole the land is still sleeping after a harsh and endless winter. The coming Antarctic summer will 1 for only four months, like a semblance of spring 2 the temperatures dive back down to the standard minus 40 C. This warmer 3 , then, is eagerly awaited by mi

26、llions of creatures that 4 here every year to summer in the polar beaches. This plodding(缓慢的) little fellow decided one 5 day that he would get here before all the others. And, once 6 this year, hes first. He has just spent eight months at 7 , and needs to stretch its legs. It hasnt come here 8 chan

27、ce; it travels here, like on a pilgrimage(朝 圣), every year. It was born on these 9 ; it first mated here; it knows this island by heart. 10 , its home. Most of the Adelie Penguins 11 at the same time. They come from the sea. In two weeks, theyre all here, packed together on all the reasonably 12 gro

28、und. They have but one obsession confusing time. Summer is a race against the clock for them, but places are rarely and bitterly 13 over. The Addlie Penguins are a little obsessive. They spend their time 14 stones. This is the first thing that the 15 do when they reach the colony, always shortly ahe

29、ad of his mate. This crazy act continues throughout the 16 . When the female joins him at the colony, she will be 17 to find her mate sitting on a sizeable mineral fortune. According to popular belief, the best males have the biggest nests. Once the mating ritual has been carried out, the couple 18

30、itself to its favourite sport, stone hunting. And, as a sideline(副业), stone stealing. This is a(n) 19 game. As soon as a penguin has its back turned, one of its neighbours is ready to relieve it of a few stones. In this manner, the 20 are moved around the island from beak to beak, from the victims n

31、est, to the thiefs nest, and back again. (1). A. stay B.keep C. last D. be (2).A. before B. after C.ahead D. while (3). A. climate B. weather C. day D. period (4). A. leave B. find C.go D. come (5).A. bad B.good C. fine D.happy (6). A. more B. time C. again D. age (7). A. home B. sea C. ground D. ni

32、ght (8). A. at B. for C. on D. by (9). A. rocks B. lands C. snow D. water (10). A. Shortly B. In short C. Generally D. For short (11).A. reach B.get C. look D. arrive (12). A. small B. big C. rough D. flat (13). A. fought B. quarreled C. striking D. beating (14). A. observing B. controlling C. gathe

33、ring D. knocking (15). A. female B. male C. penguin D. bear (16). A. winter B. spring C. autumn D. season (17).A.sad B. pleased C. disappointing D. amusing (18). A. finds B. gives C. devotes D. contribute (19). A. endless B. end C. next D. last (20). A. homes B. neighbours C. stones D. lands 5. Eart

34、hquakes are 1 ; thousands of them happen each day. But most are too weak to feel. During a 2 earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth 3 terribly; many houses 4 down. Railway tracks break and trains go 5 lines; a great many factories are 6 ; thousands of deaths are caused, and m

35、any more lose homes. 7 the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake 8 , other disasters such as fires often 9 . More buildings are destroyed and more 10 are caused. It is well known of the 11 of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than

36、 2, 000 years ago, 12 , a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng 13 a machine which could find out from which 14 the seismic (地震的) waves had come, and this machine is still 15 by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and 16 they happen, but we still cannot 17 exactly when and where a

37、n earthquake will happen, and cannot 18 it from happening. So earthquakes are among the 19 disasters in the world. No one can stop natural earthquakes. 20 , scientists can help stop earthquakes from destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths. 1. A. common B. unusual C. strange D. familiar 2

38、. A. real B. weak C. big D. small 3. A. moves B. shakes C. jumps D. breaks 4. A. get B. put C. set D. fall 5. A. off B. on C. into D. behind 6. A. burst B. hurt C. destroyed D. buried 7. A. Except B. Besides C. Instead of D. Because of 8. A. lonely B. later C. themselves D. itself 9. A. follow B. co

39、py C. come D. enter 10. A. quakes B. deaths C. difficulties D. results 11. A. information B. questions C. dangers D. shock 12. A. as a result B. in fact C. for example D. as well 13. A. invented B. discovered C. found D. operated 14. A. country B. direction C. way D. city 15. A. improved B. repaired

40、 C. protected D. used 16. A. where B. when C. what D. why 17. A. speak B. tell C. talk D. point 18. A. make B. prepare C. stop D. let 19. A. worst B. best C. most D. fast 20. A. However B. But C. And D. So 答案以及解析答案以及解析 1.答案：1-5.DCCBA; 6-10.CDCAB; 11-15.DABDA; 16-20.CBDAB; 解析：1.根据首段第一句Every year abou

41、t 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro和下文 的The 2 might damage the beauty of the place可知,此处指他们带来了大量垃圾。keep 保留;mix混合;connect联结。 2.根据首段第一句中的40,000 people可知,此处指人群可能破坏了这个地方的美景。crowd 人群,符合语境。story故事;building建筑物;reporter记者。 3.根据上文的damage the beauty of the place和The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing可知,这里

42、指冰川正在消失,改变了乞力马扎罗山的地貌。face面貌,外观特征,符合语境。position位置 ;age年龄,时代;name名称,名字。 4.上文提到乞力马扎罗山已经遭到破坏,我对这个地方开始持怀疑态度其他的目的地被 描述为更纯粹的自然体验。silent沉默的;skeptical怀疑的;serious严肃的;crazy疯狂的 。 5.根据下文可知,不久,我就发现,自从读到关于营地里有很多垃圾的令人不安的报道以来,情 况已经发生了很大变化。discover发现;argue争论;decide决定;advocate提倡,主张。 6.根据下文的with toilets at camps and al

43、ong the paths可知,此处指营地里有很多垃圾。camp 营地,符合语境。equipment设备;grass草地;stone石块。 7.上文提到营地里有很多垃圾的情况已经发生了很大变化,此处指我发现了一座干净的山,营 地和沿途都有厕所。此处旨在说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化。remote偏远的;quiet安静的 ;tall高的;clean干净的。 8.由上文的tons of rubbish可知,此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。 new新的;special特别的,格外 的;significant有重大意义的,重大的;necessary必要的。 9.挑战虽大,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎正在取

44、得成效。pay off奏效,取得成功 ;spread out伸展,散开;blow up爆炸;fade away逐渐消失。 10.乞力马扎罗山最好的体验不是到达顶峰。atmosphere气氛,大气;experience体验 ;experiment实验;sight视力,景物。 11.在许多文化中,山被认为是精神之所在。study研究;observe观察;explore探索;regard 认为。 12.在几公里的空间里,登山者经历五个生态系统,这种观点(山被认为是精神之所在)在乞力马 扎罗山体现得尤其明显。view观点;quality质量;reason原因;purpose目的。 13.此处指登山者。

45、scientist科学家;climber登山者;local当地人;fficial官员。 14.在乞力马扎罗山的不同海拔高度,生长着不同的植被。乞力马扎罗山的底部是一片热带雨 林,它在海拔 3000 米的地方突然中断,取而代之的是低矮的植物。hold onto保住;go back to 追溯到;live up to不辜负;give way to被代替。 15.再往上走,天气变了 低垂的云笼罩着山坡,山坡上长满了茂密的草。change变化 ;clear放晴;improve改善,提高;permit许可,允许。 16.从我站的地方,我数了数有十二种绿色。match相配;imagine想象;count数

46、数;add增加 。 17.根据空后的gravel(砾石), stones and rocks可知,海拔 4 000 米以上是高原沙漠:砾石、石头 和岩石。village村庄;desert沙漠;road道路;lake湖泊。 18.最后,你会爬进一个像北极一样的地带,那里终年积雪,冰川可能很快就会消失。obviously 明显地;easily容易地;consequently结果;finally最后,终于。 19.参见上题解析。 permanent永久的,永恒的;little小的;fresh新鲜的;artificial人造的,人工 的。 20.乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山,络绎不绝的游客正在破坏和平的

47、氛围,它值得这样赞誉 吗?enjoy享受的乐趣;deserve值得;save节省,保存;acquire获得。 2.答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.A; 4.C; 5.A; 6.B; 7.C; 8.A; 9.B; 10.D; 11.A; 12.C; 13.D; 14.B; 15.C; 16.B; 17.D; 18.A; 19.C; 20.D 解析：1.考查动词。根据上下文可知,我们被鼓励善待他人。然而,很多人忘记了(forget)善待 环境。 2.考查动词。根据上下文可知,大自然已经发出了(sounded)警报。在 21 世纪的今天,全球变暖 是一个相当大的威胁(threat)。 3.考查名词。解

48、析见 2 题。 4.考查名词。根据上文中的关键词“pollutant”可知,二氧化碳污染(pollution)导致温室气体滞留 在地球的大气层中,升高了 (increasing)全球气温,导致气候异常,融化了南北极冰川。 5.考查动词。解析见 4 题。 6.考查动词。根据上文可知,我们每天做的一些简单的事情可以帮助保护(preserve)地球。 7.考查形容词。根据下文可知,为了我们和下一代,让地球成为一个更利于(better)居住的地方。 8.考查动词。根据上文可知,每天汽车排出大量的二氧化碳,导致(leading to)气候危机。 9.考查名词。 根据语境可知我”决定现在就采取行动(act

49、ion),公开二氧化碳的危害,甚至(even) 做一些有意义的事情来减缓气温的上升。 10.考查副词。解析见 9 题。 11.考查名词。根据下文中的提示词“buses”可知,此处应该指公共交通(transportation)。 12.考查动词。根据上下文可知我”选择的交通方式可以节省(economize)钱和能源。 13.考查动词短语。根据上下文可知,不知怎的 “我”的身体强壮(built up)起来了,并且由于 (thanks to)这种偏好,“我”长出了肌肉。 14.考查介词短语。解析见 13 题。 15.考查形容词。“我”感到非常高兴(delighted),纽约市已经决定推广混合动力公共

50、汽车。 16.考查动词。根据下文可知$我”也试着督促(urge)朋友和家人这样做,以减少二氧化碳的排 放。 17.考查名词。 根据上下文可知,如果每个人都做一些有利的事,大家一起就能有所作为(make a difference)。 18.考查名词。根据下文中的网址可知,此处填入网站(site)最合适。 19.考查形容词。“我”渴望(hungry)大家的支持,为使地球健康、清洁(clean)、无污染而共同奋 斗。 20.考查形容词。解析见 19 题。 3.答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A; 5.C; 6.B; 7.A; 8.B; 9.D; 10.D; 11.C; 12.A; 13.D;