中考英语知识点总复习：代词ppt课件(共69张PPT).pptx

1、英语语法课程英语语法课程 之代词之代词 代词的种类代词的种类 人称代词人称代词 物主代词物主代词 反身代词反身代词 指示代词指示代词 不定代词不定代词 疑问代词疑问代词 人称代词 单数复数 主格宾格主格宾格 第一人称Imeweus 第二人称youyouyouyou 第三人称 hehim theythem sheher itit 数 格 人称 主语 宾语 表语 系动词后面的部分就是表语 1.1.句法功用句法功用 (1)(1)人称代词的主格形式在句中作人称代词的主格形式在句中作主语主语等成等成 分。分。 eg: They are all good students. She is going to

2、 another city. her (2)(2)人称代词的宾格形式在句中作人称代词的宾格形式在句中作宾语和表宾语和表 语。语。 egeg: Do you : Do you understandunderstand herher ? ? 宾语宾语 her name her name is Rachel.is Rachel.表语表语 We are waiting for you. 宾语 Open the door. Its Open the door. Its meme. . It It is is me.me. 2. 2. 注意事项注意事项 如果同时出现多个人称代词，注意排序。 （1） 为了表

3、示礼貌和谦虚，排列次序总是习惯将 第二人称、第三人称放在前面，将第一人称放在 后面。单数 “二三一 you he /she/it I” Eg: He and I like green tea. You, she and I should help each other. 注意事项注意事项 (2) 如果是承担责任，说话者应把第一人称放在第 一位。 eg: I and Tom broke the window. (3)复数形式“一、二、三”（we, you and they） eg: We, you and they should help each other. 单数人称代词 231 承担责任

4、123 复数形式 123 Exercise 1._(我) am a teacher. 2.My father is talking with _(我). 3._(他) often plays basketball after school. 4._(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _(他 ). We 主格 our 形容词性物主代词 us 宾格 him ExerciseExercise 1. Who taught _ maths last year ? A. they B. their C. them D. theirs taught teach教的过去式 teach s

5、b. sth 系动词后是表语 2. Reading more helps _ learn better. A. We B. us C. our D. ours 物主代词 单数复数 第一人 称 第二人 称 第三人称第一人 称 第二人 称 第三人 称 形容词性物主代 词 myyourhisheritsouryourtheir 名词性物主代词 mineyourshis hersitsoursyourstheirs 数 人称 格 My book is on the desk, yours is on the table. = your book 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+名词 用 法 1.形

6、容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，在句中只 能作定语，即形容词性物主代词后面一定要接 一个名词。 eg： My books are over there. I was looking for my glasses everywhere. 形容词性物主代词+名词 (2) 名词性物主代词起名词作用，因 此其后不能接名词。在句中可作主 语，表语，宾语。 eg: It isnt your ruler. Its mine. 表语 Yours is in your desk. 主语 your ruler I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours. 宾语 y

7、our dictionary Exercise 1.My book is blue. _Yours_(you) is red. 2.Our chair is better than _ chair( they). 3.I will give the presents to_(they). 4.These books are_(I), and those are_(you). 反身代词 第一人称第二人称第三人称 单单数 myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself 复数 ourselvesyourselvesthemselves 人 称 数 习惯用语 by oneself

8、 by oneself by oneself 独自的独自的独自的 enjoy oneself enjoy oneself enjoy oneself 玩的开心玩的开心玩的开心 teach oneself teach oneself teach oneself 自学自学自学 make oneself at home make oneself at home make oneself at home 无无无拘束拘束拘束 look after oneself look after oneself look after oneself 自己照顾自己自己照顾自己自己照顾自己 say to oneself

9、 say to oneself say to oneself 自言自语；自言自语；自言自语； 暗自思量暗自思量暗自思量 ExerciseExercise 5. We cant leave our grandparents by _. A. they B. them C. themself D. themselves 6. Be careful with that knife, or youll cut _. A. himself B. ourselves C. yourself D. themselves 人称代词，物主代词，反身代词总表 指示代词指示代词 “这个这个”“”“那个那个” “这些

10、这些”“”“那些那些” this 指在时间上或空间上离说话人 较 近的人或物。 these that 指在时间上或空间上离说话人 较远的人或物。 those 用法 1.this, that用于指代单数名词；these, those用于 指代复数可数。 eg: This is my book, and these are yours. Those cars are made in China. 2. this/ these2. this/ these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物而一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物而 that/those that/those常指时间上或空间上离说话人较远的常指时间

11、上或空间上离说话人较远的 人或物。人或物。 eg: This present is for you and that one is for your mom. We are very happy these days. 3. 为了避免重复，可用that/those用来指代前面提 到的名词。 eg: This book is not so interesting as that I read yesterday. The vegetables in this store are cheaper than those in that store. 4. this，that在电话用语中可以指自己和对

12、方。 eg: A: Is that Mr. Smith speaking ? B: Who is that ? A: This is Mary, Mr. Smith. 疑问代词疑问代词 用来表达疑问或构成 疑问句的代词。 主格宾格所有格 指人 whowhomWhose 指物 whatWhatWhose 指人或物 whichwhichWhose 指代 格 Who是主格，用于询问别人的姓名、身份或关系， 在句中作主语或表语；whom是宾格，在句中作宾 语。 Eg: who put the light out ? Who is that girl? Whom/who did you meet las

13、t night? Whom is Tom talking about ? 1. Who 和whom的用法 Whose既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用。 Eg ：whose book is this ? whose is the desk ? 2. Whose 的用法 What 既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用。 Eg ：What makes him so happy? what class does he teach ? what is she ? what are you doing ? 3. What 的用法 Which表示在一定范围内选择，意为 “哪一个”，回答通常为一个。 Eg ：Th

14、is is mine. Which is yours ? which of you is the oldest？ which would you like, tea or coffee? which book is more interesting ? 4. Which 的用法 不定代词不定代词 不明确指代某个人或某些人、某个事物或某些事物 的代词。 不确定的不确定的 人或物人或物 不确定的不确定的 数量数量 不确定的不确定的 选择选择 1 表示不确定的人或事物的不定代词 one 某人或事物 some 某个某些 any 任何一个 no 没有 each/every 每个 none 没有 othe

15、r 别的 another另一个 something 某事 somebody/someone 某人 anybody /anyone 任何一个人 everybody/everyone 每个人 nobody/no one 没有人 2 表示不确定的数量的不定代词 many 许多 much 许多 few 很少 little 很少 most 大部分 all 全部 3表示不确定的选择的不定代词 either 两者中的任意一个 neither 两者中没有一个 none 三者或三者以上 不定代词不定代词 不明确指代某个 人、某些人或某些 事物的代词。 常见不定代词的用法和辨析常见不定代词的用法和辨析 ： 1.

16、1. Some, anySome, any 2. 2. many, much many, much 3. 3. both, all, either, neither both, all, either, neither 4. 4. none, no one none, no one 5. 5. few, a few, little, a little few, a few, little, a little 6. 6. each, every each, every 7. 7. it, one, that it, one, that 8. 8. other, another other, an

17、other 1. 1. Some Some 和和 anyany Some Some 和和any any 均表示均表示“ “一些一些” ”。 e.g. :There are some trees behind the house.e.g. :There are some trees behind the house. Do you have any questions ? Do you have any questions ? Would you like some tea? Would you like some tea? You may go there any time. You may

18、go there any time. 注注 意意 （1 1）somesome和和anyany都可以表示都可以表示“一些一些 ”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以 修饰不可数名词。修饰不可数名词。 （2 2）somesome一般用于肯定句中，一般用于肯定句中，anyany多用于疑问多用于疑问 句和条件句中。句和条件句中。 （3 3）在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得）在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得 到肯定的回答或者表示到肯定的回答或者表示请请求、建议时用求、建议时用somesome 。anyany也用于肯定句中，表示也用于肯定句中，表示“任何任何”。 2. many 2.

19、many 和和 muchmuch 两者都表示两者都表示“ “许多，大量许多，大量” ”。 e.g. There are so many books that I e.g. There are so many books that I dont know which to choose. dont know which to choose. I ve got too much work to do. I ve got too much work to do. 注注 意意 （1 1）many many 修饰可数名词；修饰可数名词； （2 2）muchmuch修饰不可数名词；修饰不可数名词； （3 3）两者都可以与表示程度的副词）两者都可以与表示程度的副词 so, so, too, howtoo, how连用。连用。 3. both3. both， allall (1) both表示“两者都”。 e.g. Both plans are good. e.g. Both plans are good. Both she and I are students. Both she and I are students. (2) all “表示三者或三者以上都”。 e.g. They all agree