初中英语语法中考复习：形容词和副词、比较级精讲(共32张PPT).pptx

1、? 形容词&副词 2016年 201 6年 201 6年 形容词adjective 副词adverb 比较级和最高级 01 02 03 CONTENT 1 形容词 分类 位置 词性转换 形容词是用以说明名词所表示的人或事物的特征、性质。 形容词在句中可以做定语、表语、补语和状语。 1.The sweater is very beautiful.(表语) 2.I have a busy day.(定语） 3.We keep/make our classroom clean.(宾补) 4. At last I got home, tired and hungry. (状语，位于句尾或句首) 只能做

2、表语 1. 以a开头的形容词 afraid, alike, alone, awake 2.某些过去分词：drunk, gone, lit(点着的) 3.某些形容词：well(健康的), unable, upset I dont feel well. Babies are afraid of darkness. 易错点： 表语形容词前面不能用very 分类 表 语 1 只能作定语 main, only, former, latter, chief, mere, inner等 3 2 定表皆可 大多数形容词属于此类 This is a beautiful picture. =This pictur

3、e is beautiful. 位置 1 2 修饰名词，放在名词前 后置 1. 修饰由no,some,any,every 构成 的复合不定代词时,放在被修饰 词之后 2. 在指示代词this, that, these, those之后 3. 表度量的名词后 three years old, five feet wide two miles long, four feet high Theres something wrong with my bike. Among those invited were some young men. I am three years old. I am a t

4、hree-year-old girl. 词性转换 N+ -y (尤其天气) rainrainy, cloudcloudy sunsunny, funfunny healthhealthy, lucklucky 抽象名词+ -ful carecareful, useuseful thankthankful, helphelpful, beautybeautiful N+ -less成否定意形容词 carecareless, useuseless hopehopeless, homehomeless 国家+ -ese/-ish/-n ChinaChinese BritainBritish Indi

5、aIndian N+ -n woodwooden goldgolden 某些以-ence结尾的改成ent differencedifferent silencesilcent 名词 形容词 12 3 45 练习 2 1 3. The company hopes its new product will be _ on the European market. (success) 13上海 4. The local people are _ that the whole nation are helping them rebuild the town. (thank) 10上海 1. The d

6、ay was _ , but the sun was trying to come through. (cloud) 15上海 2. The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a piece of _. (wooden) 14上海 cloudy wood successful thankful 词性转换 加 ly (大部分) quickquickly, finalfianlly politepolitely, true truly 以y结尾，发/i/: y变ily easyeasily, angryangrily noisy noisily,

7、healthyhealthily 形副同体 fast, high, hard, late, far, wide, alone, early 辅音+le结尾: le变 ly possiblepossibly,simplesimply gentlegently, terribleterribly 以y结尾，发/ei/: 直接加ly shyshyly drydryly 某些以ly结尾的是形容词 friendly, lovely, lively, lonely 形容词 副词 12 3 4 5 练习 2 1 quietly correctly luckily thankful 1. The boy mo

8、ved_ into the hall as the concert had already begun. (quiet) 14上海 2. Jack finds it difficult to pronounce some English words _. (correct) 13上海 3. You need to explain your opinions quite _when having a debate. (clear) 10上海 4. _ , the famous temple was not damaged in the earthquake. (luck) 15上海 2 副词 副

9、词是用来说明动作或状态特征的词，用来修饰动 词、形容词、其他副词。 分类 时间副词 now, usually, often, always, sometimes 地点副词 here, there, out everywhere 方式副词 carefully, well fast, slowly 程度副词 very, much, quite almost, hardly 疑问副词 when, where, how, why 连接副词 whether, when, how, where, why then, so, therefore, still, however 1 2 5 46 3 功能 1

10、 3 2 作状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词 短语或整个句子。 1.The train runs fast.(修饰动词） 2.She has been badly ill these days.（修饰形容词) 3.She studies very hard.(修饰副词) 4.The shop is right on your left.（修饰介词） 5. Luckily, he passed the final exams.（修饰句子） 作表语 很多作表语的副词是表示位置, 如 in, out, up, down, back, on, off, away 1.You must be away

11、 now. 2. He is abroad. 2.School is over. Lets go home. 3.The TV is still on, please turn it off. 作定语 1.The students there are from Beijing. 2.I met an old friend on my way home. 3.China today has developed greatly. 位置 1 修饰动词时： 1. 在句末，方式 地点 时间 Harry worked well here yesterday. 2. 在句首，强调或修饰全句 often do

12、es he work very late. 3. 行为动词之前； be动词、情态动词、助动词之后 (多为频率、程度副词) He can hardly swim. The boy is often later for school. I have never seen such a good movie. 2 3 形容词、副词前： 1. 在形容词和副词前 It was quite cold that day. 2. 特：enough在后面 Im old enough to decide for myself. 作定语时： 在所修饰名词的后面 The shops here are very lar

13、ge. On the way home, I met a friend. 练习 2 1 C The light in the room wasnt _enough for me to read. A. Brightly enough B. enough brightly C. bright enough D. enough bright The little dancer from Australia looks _ in the long skirt.15上海 A. gently B. happily C. Beautifully D. lovely D 分析：enough+N adj.+e

14、nough 分析：1. 感官动词look，smell, sound, feel, taste, seem后加形容词 2. friendly, lovely, lively, lonely 是形容词 3 比较级和最高级 变化规则 结构 易错点 2016年 201 6年 201 6年 单音节+少数双音节 多音节+其他双音节 不规则变化 01 02 03 变化规则 单音节 1. 单音节词和部分双音节词，词尾加-er构成比较级，-est构成最高级 形容词原级比较级最高级 一般单音节词 加 -er /-est high fast higher faster highest fastest 以e结尾 去e

15、, 再加-er/-est wise simple wiser simpler wisest simplest 词尾是一个元音字母+一个 辅音字母 双写+ -er/-est hot thin big hotter thinner bigger hottest thinnest biggest 辅音字母+y结尾 Y变 i ，再加-er/-est happy early happier earlier happiest earliest 少数以-ow结尾的双音节 加-er/-est narrownarrowernarrowest 插播消息： 重读闭音节双写： 1）尾音节是重读音 节； 2）词尾只有一

16、个辅 音字母 3）元音字母不发字 母音。 多音节 1. 多音节词和其他双音节词，前面加 more 构成比较级，most构成最高级 原级比较级最高级 interestingmore interestingmost interesting Carefully easily more carefully more easily most carefully most easily tired real Pleased glad more tired more real more pleased more glad most tired most real most pleased most glad

17、 特：某些单音节词，如tired, pleased, real, glad, 加more和most。 不规则变化 原级比较级最高级 good well betterbest bad ill worseworst many much moremost littlelessleast far farther further farthest furthest old older elder oldest eldest 插播混淆点： 1. farther/furthest指距离上 “更远” further/furthest还可以指程度上 “进一步的”，如further study further都可

18、以 2. later：时间上“晚一点的” latter: 两者中的“后者” 3. older/oldest:表“新旧、年代 久、年龄比大” elder/eldest:表“长幼次序”, 后面不用than。 练习 1. For _information, please check our website at *.com.(far) 2. On the _side of the street, there is a small shop. (far) 3. I am two years _ than my little brother. (old) 4. She is the _ of the t

19、hree. (old) 2 1 further further older eldest 1. Jim is a bit _ than me. (tall) 2. I came five minutes _than you. (early) 3. Its our responsibility to make the sky _ than before. (clear) 15上海 4. Of the god and cow, the _ (later/latter)is _(big) than the former. bigger earlier taller clearer latter 20

20、16年 201 6年 201 6年 同级比较 as+原级+as 比较级 比较级+than 最高级 the+最高级+比较范围 01 02 03 结构 We hope that with the help of the new skill, Liu Xiang can run _than before. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest B 同级比较 意义:“和一样” 修饰词: 前面可加程度状语almost, nearly, just, three times等 My brother is almost as tall as I. 结构：as

21、+原级+as This room is as large as that one. 其他用法 That girl is as brilliant as beautiful. Jane is as beautiful as Sam is strong. 1 2 3 否定：not as/so+原级+as“不如” Our teacher is not as busy as before. He does not run so fast as I. 4 5 比较级 结构：比较级+than 意义：“比更” 用于两者的比较 Tom is older than Jim (is). 否定： 1. no +比较

22、级+than You are no better than him.“你们一样坏 ” 2. no more than“仅仅，至多” There are no more than 5 apples on the table. We are no more than business relationship. The+比较级 表“两者中较的一个” Which is the larger, Canada or America? 1 2 3 4 修饰词： 形容词前可加much, a lot, even, hardly, three times，度量词等，不能用very John is much stronger than Bob. He is three inches taller than his brother. 比较级 其他