（新教材）2021年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册课件：Unit 6 Section Ⅱ　Using language .ppt

1、Section Using language .核心词汇 1_ n. 记录，条目，词条 2_ v. 流露，面带，呈现 3_ vi. 开花；精神焕发 4_ n. 迷人的特征，吸引人的特性；魅力，魔力 v. 吸引，迷住 5_ v. 逐渐消失；褪色 6_ n. 果园 entry wear bloom charm fade orchard 7_ n. 小麦 8_ vt. 堆放，摞起 9_ v. 扫过，掠过 10_ v. 着淡色于 11_ n. 四轮货运车 12_ v. 收割，收获 wheat pile sweep tinge wagon reap .重点短语 1_ 只有，只不过 2_ 阴风 3_ 累累

2、硕果 4_ 微风 5_ 对大自然的生动描述 6_ 把加进 7_ 与不相干 8_ 用替代 9_ 有道理 nothing but bleak wind the thick clusters of rich fruit gentle wind vivid descriptions of nature add.to. be irrelevant to replace.with have a point .重点句型 _ they are doing this _ they think these words are irrelevant to children, so instead theyve re

3、placed them with terms like “film” 他们这样做的原因是他们认为这些词与孩子不相干，所以他们 用“film”这样的词来代替它们。 The reason why is that 第一版块第一版块|重点词汇诠释重点词汇诠释 1.contrast n对比；对照；差异，差别 vt.对比，对照 in/by contrast (to/with) (与)相比之下 contrast. with. 使与形成对比 By contrast, he is much cleverer. 相比之下，他要机灵得多。 In contrast to/with her elder sister,

4、she is taller. 与姐姐相比，她个子更高。 即学即练 完成句子 和我们的房子相比，这座新房子就是一座宫殿。 _ our house, the new one is a palace. 看看他们的新系统，相比之下我们的就显得太过时了。 When you look at their new system, ours seems very old- fashioned _. In/By contrast to/with in/by contrast 联想拓展： contrast ratio 对比度 contrast test 对比试验；对比测试 contrast color 色彩对比；对

5、比色 2.fade v逐渐消失；(使)褪色；水准下降；衰退 fade in/out (画面)淡入/淡出，使渐显/渐隐，使(声音)渐强/渐 弱 fade away 逐渐消失；(人)衰弱/病重死亡 They observed the comet for 70 days before it faded from sight. 他们观察了这颗彗星 70 天，直至它慢慢从视线中消失。 His voice faded to a whisper.他的声音越来越小， 变成了耳语。 The curtains had faded in the sun.窗帘已经给晒褪了色。 Black faded on the f

6、inal bend.布莱克在最后一个弯道处减慢 了速度。 In the last weeks of her life she simply faded away.在生命的最 后几个星期她已是油尽灯枯了。 George saw the monitor black out and then a few words faded in. 乔治看见屏幕变暗，接着显现了几个字。 They fear that passion for traditional Chinese holidays will slowly fade out. 他们担心对中国传统节日的热情会逐渐减弱。 即学即练 在空白处填入 1 个适

7、当的单词。 The figures in the picture had begun to fade _. Promise to never let him fade _ of your life. Youll need to be able to project two images onto the screen as the new one fades _ and the old image fades _. away out in out 联想拓展： fade away 消失；消逝 fade out 淡出；使渐弱 fade in 淡入；褪色 fade into 渐渐退变为；淡入 第二版

8、块第二版块|重点句型解构重点句型解构 (教材 P67)The reason why they are doing this is that they think these words are irrelevant to children, so instead theyve replaced them with terms like “film” 他们这样做的原因是他们认为这些词与孩子不相干，所以他们 用“film”这样的词来代替它们。 本句是个并列复合句，so 连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中， why 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 The reason, that 引导表语从句。 reason

9、 后接定语从句的用法 (1)若关系词在从句中作状语，要用 why 或 for which 引导定语 从句。 There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. 校服是个好主意有几个原因。首先，校服使学校看起来整洁漂 亮，学生们觉得他们属于一个特别的群体。 The reason why/for which h

10、e was late was that he got up late. 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 (2)若关系词在从句中作主语、宾语等，要用 which 或 that 引导 定语从句，其中作宾语时关系词可省略。 He gave us a reason that/which sounded reasonable. 他给了我们一个听起来合情合理的理由。(关系词在从句中作 主语) The reason (which/that) he has given sounds reasonable. 他给出的理由听起来合情合理。(关系词作 given 的宾语，可省 略) 即学即练 单句语法填空 I told

11、 him the reason _ I took a great interest in the movie. Is this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? The reason _ he missed the first class was different from the one _ you explained to me. The reason _ he resigned his post was _ there was a more attractive and

12、challenging job for him. why that/which why that why that 特别提示： the reason why 和 the reason that 的用法： the reason why 是一个典型的定语从句句式，后面的 why 引 导一个从句，而在定语从句中，除了先行词是 that，which、who 等 可以做从句主语或者宾语的词之外；如果先行词是 where、when、 why 及其同义词(比如 in which、on which、for which 等)的话，你会 发现后面的从句也是同样可以单独成句的。 再来 说一下 the reason

13、what， 这里面先行词就属于前面所说 的先行词充当主语或者宾语等名词成分的情况了，这样的句子如果 把从句拿出来就不能单独成句。 第三版块|语法非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语 新知导引 阅读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性 1I have a lot of work to do. 2The man to help you is Mr. Smith. 3They had the fire burning all night. 4I will have my bike repaired tomorrow. 5Used cars are very cheap. 6Half of the guests in

14、vited to the party are his colleagues. 7These trucks carry goods exported to foreign countries. 8The girl singing in the next room is his sister. 9They built a highway leading to the mountains. 10 Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage. 11Knowing all this, I still want to

15、see it for myself. 共性呈现 1句中画线部分均为非谓语部分。 2非谓语在句中作定语(1、2、5、6、7、8、9 句) 3非谓语在句中作状语(10、11 句) 4非谓语在句中作补语(3、4 句) 语法精释 一、非谓语动词作定语 1动词不定式作定语 不定式作定语一般情况下会置于被修饰词的后面，并且与被修 饰词构成一定的逻辑关系，其用法如下： (1)主谓关系：被修饰词是不定式动作的发出者。此时被修饰词 前通常有 only, first, next，序数词或形容词的最高级修饰。 Hes always the first person of the team to put forwar

16、d the solution to the problem. 他总是团队里第一个提出问题解决方案的人。 (2)动宾关系： 被修饰词是不定式动作的承受者。 此时需要注意， 如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词时，其后应有相应的介词。 但当不定式修饰的名词是time, place, way时， 不定式后可省略介词。 There are many interesting things to see there. 那里有许多有趣的东西可以看。 (3)修饰关系： 动词不定式对所修饰的词起到补充、 说明的作用。 这些被修饰词有：wish, way, chance, ability, decision, at

17、tempt, reason, answer 等。 There are varieties of ways to make people laugh. 有很多方法逗人们笑。 (4)动词不定式作定语有时也表示一种将来的动作。 We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday. 我们受邀参加下周五在我们俱乐部举办的聚会。 2动词- ing 形式作定语 (1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的功能和作用。 a swimming pool a pool for swimming 游泳池 building materials material

18、s for building 建筑材料 (2)现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语的时候，与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主动关 系，表示事物存在的状态或动作正在进行；有时现在分词作定语可 以转换成主动的定语从句。 The swimming boy is my brother. The boy who is swimming is my brother. 正在游泳的那个男孩是我的哥哥。 说明被修饰词的性质和程度。 a surprising result a result that is surprising 一个令人吃惊的结果 表示被修饰词正在进行的动作。 We can see the rising su

19、n.我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳。 特别注意： 单个现在分词作定语时， 常放在所修饰的名词之前； 现在分词短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上 相当于一个定语从句。 shocking news 令人震惊的消息 The man standing there is Peters father. The man who is standing there is Peters father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 3动词的- ed 形式作定语 过去分词(短语)作定语的时候，与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的 被动关系，表示被动或完成。过去分词短语作定语时可以转换成被 动的定语从句。 The

20、 producer comes regularly to collect the cameras returned to our shop for quality problems. 生产商定期来收回因质量问题被退回到我们商店的照相机。 (此句话中 returned.为过去分词短语作 cameras 的定语，表示“被 退回的”，可变为定语从句 which are returned.) After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope provided. 填完表格并签名之后，请把它装入所提供

21、的信封里返给我们。 特别注意：过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置：单个过去分词作 定语时既可以放在被修饰词前，也可放于其后；过去分词短语作定 语时，通常要放在被修饰词的后面。 From his terrified face, we could tell how thrilling the movie was. 从他惊恐的表情上，我们可以看出这部电影有多吓人。 The project of the underground aimed at improving the transport of the city began in the early 1980s. 旨在改善城市交通状况的地铁工程始于 2

22、0 世纪 80 年代初。 即学即练 1 单句语法填空 (1)There are still 30 minutes _ (go), so we neednt hurry with lunch. (2)William, one of the first man _ (explore) the depths of the sea in a bathysphere, got interested in oceanography because of one book. (3)The football team, _ (consist) of 22 players and 3 coaches, was

23、set up by his father 3 years ago. (4)I heard that there were about 50 foreign students _ (study) Chinese in the school, most of whom were from Germany. (5)The student _ (absorb) in the games on the phone didnt notice his teacher behind him. to go to explore consisting studying absorbed (6)May I have

24、 a look at your valuable stamp _ (date) back to the 1950s? (7)Guizhou Province, _ (rank) by Lonely Planet among the top 10 regions to visit in 2020, has become a promising travel destination. (8)Doing voluntary work gives you a chance _ (change) lives, including your own. (9)Jim has retired, but he

25、still remembers the happy time _ (spend) with his students. (10)The little boy still needed the _ 20 dollars to do with the things _ to be settled. (remain) dating ranked to change spent remaining remaining 二、非谓语动词作状语 1动词不定式(短语)作状语 (1)动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时，有时为了突出语气可以加 上 in order 或 so as，其中 in order to 可以置

26、于句首，但是 so as to 不 可以置于句首。注意，当动词不定式置于句末作目的状语时，不可 用逗号隔开；置于句首时，则一般用逗号隔开。 To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. 为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克已经决定把中国民间音乐作为 选修课。 All postcards must be mailed at once in order/so as to be received in time for the Spring Fes

27、tival. In order to be received in time for the Spring Festival, all postcards must be mailed at once. 所有的明信片必须立即邮寄，以便春节时及时收到。 (2)动词不定式(短语)作结果状语时，通常表示出乎意料的结 果，常用于 only to, too.to, enough.to, such/so.as to 等句式中。 He hurried to the train station only to find that the train had left.他 匆忙赶到火车站，结果发现火车已经离开了

28、。 The trunk is too small to hold these things.这个行李箱太小， 放不 下这些东西。 (3)动词不定式(短语)作原因状语时，通常跟在一些表示情感的 形容词后，说明产生这种情绪的原因。 Im sorry to hear that bad news. 听到那个坏消息，我很难过。 2动词的- ing 形式作状语 现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让 步、方式或伴随情况等。 Arriving home, he showed me a large bright clean room. 到家后，他把我领进了一个宽敞、明亮、洁净的房间。 Not

29、 knowing his address, I cant send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址，我没法把这本书寄给他。 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲过世了，留给他许多钱。 They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半个小时，观察着天上的星星。 Knowing all this, they would make me pay for the damage. 尽管他们知道了一切，但还要我赔偿损失。 注意

30、：上述现在分词短语(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句 子的主语，两者之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。 3动词的- ed 形式作状语 过去分词(短语)可用作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、让步、 方式或伴随情况等。过去分词(短语)作状语可以转换成状语从句。 当过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语一般是句子的主语，并且 与之构成逻辑上的被动关系。 Seen from the small hill, the town looks more beautiful. 从这座小山上看，小镇看上去更漂亮。 Written in simple English, the book is easy to read. 由于用简

31、单的英语编写，所以这本书读起来很容易。 Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问到为什么要做这件事的时候，班长说那是他的职责。 Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 由于陷入沉思，他差点撞到他前面的车。 即学即练 2 单句语法填空 (1)_ (throw) their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out shouts of victory. (2)_ (catc

32、h) the first bus, Tom got to the hospital in time that day. (3)_ (face) with the evidence, he had no choice but to admit his crime. (4)Yesterday I went to see him, only _ (learn) that he had gone to Beijing. (5)_ (face) with such a troubling man, he didnt know what to do, _ (stand) there with his mo

33、uth wide open. Throwing Catching Faced to learn Faced standing (6)Every minute must be made full use of _ (improve) English. (7)Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ (seize) the girl and took her away, _ (disappear) into the woods. (8)The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, complet

34、ely _ (ruin) our plan for picnic. (9)Nervously _ (face) challenges, I will whisper to myself：“Be yourself” (10)Accustomed to being awaited by her friends, Lisa was very surprised _ (find) they had gone. to improve seized disappearing ruining facing to find 三、非谓语动词作补语 1动词不定式(短语)作补语 (1)动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语

35、 动词不定式可以在“主语谓语宾语宾语补足语”的句 型中充当宾语补足语。用于这一句型的动词有：ask, cause, advise, allow, forbid, permit, force, instruct, want, order, encourage, persuade, remind, request, tell, urge, invite, teach, warn, command, enable 等。这 些动词的用法通常为(以 ask 为例)：ask sb. to do sth.，否定形式为 ask sb. not to do sth.。 The doctor advised hi

36、m to stop smoking.医生劝他戒烟。 My teacher encouraged me to take a summer course to improve my writing skills. 我的老师鼓励我参加一个夏季课程来提高我的写作技能。 特别注意：有些感官动词和使役动词后接动词不定式作宾语补 足语时， to 经常被省略。 这些词有“一感觉”(feel)， “二听”(hear, listen to)，“三使役”(make, have, let)，“四看”(see, watch, notice, observe)。需要注意的是，当上述词用于被动语态的时候，省略的 to 应还

37、原回来。 The teacher made me wait while she talked to other students.老师 在和其他同学谈话时，让我等着。 The director had her assistant prepare some hot dogs for the meeting.主管让她的助理为这次会议准备一些热狗。 Tom is always hardworking, so he doesnt have to be made to study hard.汤姆一直很努力，所以没有必要强迫他刻苦学习。 (2)动词不定式(短语)作主语补足语 在句型“.be said/be

38、lieved/known/reported/considered/found/thought to do sth.” 中，不定式(短语)作主语补足语。 They are said to have developed a new approach to teaching, which is said to improve classroom teaching greatly. 据说他们已经研究出一种新的教学方法，这种方法据说可以极 大地改善课堂教学。 2动词的- ing 形式作补语 (1)现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语 现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的主动性的动作 或状态。能用现在分词

39、形式作宾补的两类动词： 感官动词，常见的有 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe 等。 使役动词，常见的有 have, make, let, set, keep, get, leave 等。 I wont have you doing that.我不能容忍你那样做。 This set me thinking.这使我思考。 I cant get the clock going again.我不能让钟表继续转动。 I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the

40、 boat, showing us the way. 我俯身朝水中看去，看到老汤姆正在船边游着，给我们指路。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night.那个老板让 工人整夜地工作。 When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the gate.当回到学校时，我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 I found a bag lying on the ground.我发现地上放着一个包。 Wang Peng wont have her getting away w

41、ith telling people lies. 王鹏不会让她一直撒谎而不受惩罚的。 (2)当句子变为被动结构时， 原来作宾语补足语的现在分词形式 便转换为主语补足语。 They found the result very satisfying. The result was found very satisfying.他们发现结果令人非常满意。 They heard him singing in the next room. He was heard singing in the next room.他们听到他正在隔壁房间唱歌。 3动词的- ed 形式作补语 (1)过去分词可以作宾语补足语，

42、 句式结构为“主语谓语宾 语宾补”， 谓语通常为see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, feel, have, make, get 等。其中过去分词和其前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关 系。比如在 He was trying to make himself understood.(他努力让自己 被理解。)中，understood 与 himself 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，表 示让自己被别人理解。 When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.看到路

43、被积雪阻塞后，我们决定在家度假。 I have my hair cut twice a month.我每个月剪两次头发。 He raised his voice in order to make himself heard. 他提高音量是为了让自己被听见。 (2)过去分词有时亦可作主语补足语。 The song is often heard sung everywhere in China. 在中国的大街小巷经常能够听到有人唱这首歌。 即学即练 3 单句语法填空 (1)Thank you for keeping me _ (inform) of what happened in time. (

44、2)While the hostess was getting me _ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a garage. (3)Encourage your kids _ (try) new things, but try not to push them too hard. (4)Having been separated from other continents for millions of year

45、s, Australia has many plants and animals not _ (find) in any other country in the world. informed settled to try found (5)Mrs White found her husband _ (surround) by letters and papers and _ (look) very worried. (6)He is so stubborn that its no use persuading him _ (change) his mind once he makes a

46、decision. (7)They use computers to keep the traffic _ (run) smoothly. (8)I looked up and noticed a snake _ (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. (9)The boss was disappointed to see his company _ (assess) as unqualified, which led to the company closing down. (10)I need a new passport so

47、 I will have to have my photograph _ (take) surrounded looking to change running winding assessed taken .单词拼写 1Then we started to clean the windows, s_ the floor and wash clothes. 2 For the farmers in my hometown, they usually r_ wheat in June every year. 3The cherry blossoms that we planted during the conference _ (开花) this April. 4He had enormous _ (魅力) and a grea