中考英语复习：初中英语语法-介词 课件（共25张PPT）.ppt

1、介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之 间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子 成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相 当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它 的宾语。,介词的含义,什么是介词？它的作用是什么？,1.Look at me.( ) 2.He goes to school by bike.( ) 3.He is interested in drawing.( ) 4.The book is on the desk.( ),代词,名词,动名词,介词:通常用在_、_、_ 之前，表示某个人、事物/东西、事件与 另一个之间的_。,名词,代词,名词,动名词,关系,介词的主要分类：,1. at the ci

2、nema, in the hospital _ 2. Write with a pen, go by bus _ 3. in summer, on Septemper 1st _ 4. by the way, at last, in the end _,地点介词,方式介词,时间介词,固定搭配,一.地点介词,1.at the village , at home, at the corner of the street _ 2.in Shanghai , in the country, in Asia, in the world, in space _ 3. in the box, on the

3、chair, under the desk, next to Kate, on the right of Lucy, in front of the house, behind the door _,表示小地方用at,表示大地方用in,表示不同地方用具体不同的介词,填上正确的地点介词：,1.在广州 _ Guangzhou 2.在电影院 _ the cinema 3.在湖边 _ the lake 4.在海里 _ the sea 5.树上的苹果 apples _ the tree 6.树上的小鸟 birds _ the tree 7.在天空上 _ the sky 8.在教室外 _ the clas

4、sroom 9.在农场上 _ the farm 10.在街道上 _ the street,in,at,by,in,on,in,in,outside,on,in,二.方式介词,1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a lock _ 2. see with our eyes, do with our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths _ 3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three language _ 4. i

5、n a loud voice, in a low voice _ 5. in this way, by this means _,使用工具用介词 with,使用器官用介词 with,使用语言用介词 in,使用声音用介词 in,使用方法用介词 in 或 by,6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car (on foot) by land 陆路， by sea 水路，by air 空运 _ 但：on the bike, on the bus, on the train, on the plane, on the ship, in t

6、he car 7. Shanghai lies _the east of China.( ) Japan lies _the east of China.( ) Hubei lies _the north of Hunan.( ) 8.in a red coat, the girl in yellow, the boy in white _ 9.lie in bed, after a while, in the sun（在阳光下） under the sun（天下，世界上；到底，究竟）,使用交通工具用 by,in,to,on,在中国内部,在中国外部,两地接壤,表示穿衣服用 in,固定搭配,(

7、),三.时间介词,1.at six oclock, at noon, at that time, at half past three, at mid-night _ 2.on Sunday, on New Years Day, on March 21st, on my birthday _ 3. in three days, in a week, in a month, in May, in 1998 _ 4. in the morning, in the afternoon , in the evening _ 但： on the morning of May 1st 5. at nigh

8、t = _ _ night 6. in the day = in the _,表示点钟或具体一点时间用 at,表示在某一天用 on,表示大于一天的时间用 in,在早上/下午/傍晚 用 in,in,the,day-time,later单独使用可用将来时或过去时态 The others will join us later。 later on 后来，再过些时候,7. 具体时间用不同的介词:,在放假期间 _the holiday 在圣诞节期间 _ Christmas 三天之后 three days _ （一般过去时） _ three days （一般现在时） _ three days（一般将来时）,

9、during,later,at,after,in,注意,(1)介词短语： at breakfast from now on from then on on ones way to at first at last in the end in front of in time on time in the middle of at least at most instead of at once on foot at the same time by the way,四.固定搭配的含介词的中考词组:,在吃早饭,(2)Do you remember them?,在岁时 _ the age of 有

10、时 _ times/sometimes 开始,在起初 _ the beginning of 此刻 _ the/this moment = now 在结尾,在尽头 _ the end of 例如 _ example =such_ 匆忙地 _ a hurry 到的时候 _ the time=when 从到 _ 在户外,在野外 _ the open air,at,at,at,at,at,for,in,by,from,to,in,as,相邻，靠近 next _ 遍及 all_ 将来 _ the future 由于,幸亏 thanks _ 过了一会儿 _ a while 在地球上 _ the earth

11、 到底、究竟_ earth 下课/放学/下班后 _class/school/work 展出 _ show 值日 _ duty 独立, 单独 all _ oneself 令(某人)惊讶 _ ones surprise,to,in,to,after,on,after,on,on,by,to,over,on,(3)固定搭配:,arrive _/_a place find _ （发现，找到） get on/along _ be afraid _ sth. hand _(上交） hand _(分发） be angry _ sb. be angry _ sth. be strict _ sb. be st

12、rict _ sth. be ready _ be full _=be filled_ be good _=do well _ be busy _ sth. be late _ be interested _ eat _ give _ (放弃） grow _,in,at,with,up,in,for,at,for,up,up,out,of,with,with,of,in,at,out,with,in,with,in,Remember and translate:,hear from (sb) ring up hold on 1. 继续;坚持;保持 2.(打电话时)等一等 hurry up st

13、op sb. from doing sth. knock at/on take off laugh at take part in listen to think about look after/at/for/up/out try on try out take care of turn on/off make friends with wait for pay for wake up put on/up/off write down worry about make progress with,be familiar with sb./sth. （人）熟悉某人/某物 be familiar

14、 to sb. （物）为某人所熟悉,be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求 be strict in sth. 严格对待某事,in the air 在空中 on the air播出,shout to 呼喊，向喊 shout at对吼，责骂,in the endat lastfinally最后 by the end of 到末止 at the end of在结束时，在末端，,be known to sb.为某人所知 be known as 作为而出名，被叫作 be known for因而出名,be busy with sth.忙于某事 be busy doing sth.忙着做某事

15、,ahead of time提前，超前 sometime某时 some time某段时间，某一时期 sometimes=at times有时 sometimes 许多次，许多倍 at a time=each time每次 at one time=once曾经,常用易混淆介词辨析,after/ in 皆可表示时间在之后，其区别为： after .表示“在某点时间之后”，用于将来时。如： Well go out for a walk after supper. .表示“一段时间之后”，用于过去时。如： My mother came home after half an hour. in 表示“一段

16、时间之后”，用于将来时。如： Well go to school in two weeks.,between /among 1) between 多指两者之间。如：Whats the difference between the two words? 2) among 指三者或三者以上的同类事物之间，在或笼统的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在中间，在之中”。如：The young people lived and worked among the workers. 注意：我们可以说between you and me，但不能说 between you and I，因为between是介词。 3)

17、between还可以用来指三个或三个以上的人或物的每两个之间。三个或三个以上的名词用and连接，前面用between，而不用among。如：There is not much difference between the three of them. Switzerland lies _ France, Ger-many, Austria and Italy.,between,besides /except We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang （除之外，还有）全部计算在内 We are all Chinese except Tom in our

18、 class. （除之外，不计算在内） All the students in our class went to the cinema _ Kangkang, why? Because he had a bad cold. AExcept Bbesides CBeside Dwithout,【解析】except“除之外”，排除在外的意思；besides“除之外”，包含在内；beside“在旁边”；without“没有”。根据题意可知用except，故选A。,over表示与某物不接触的“正上方”，under与其相对，表 示“正下方”。 The sky is over our heads. 天空在我们头顶上。 The cat is under the table. 那只猫在桌子底下。 above表示“在的上方”，“高于”；below与其相对， 表示“在的下面”，“低于”。 The temperature will stay above zero in the day time ，but at night it will fall below zero again.白天气温将保 持在零度以上，但在晚上又将降到零度以下。 on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面