1、Were family!Unit 2Grammar Focusgrammar n.语法focus n.聚焦simple present tense一般现在时3aRead the sentences.How do the verb forms change with the subjects.verb form动词形式subject n.主语change v.改变spend v.花费spend time/money doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事 数人称汉语主格助动词 单数第一人称我I第二人称你you第三人称 他he 她she它it 复数第一人称我们we第二人称你们you第三人称他/她
2、/它们theydodoesdo英语句子里的人称和数英语句子里的人称和数 动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式,以动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式,以have/has为例为例have意为意为“有有”,表示某人拥有某物。,表示某人拥有某物。have在句子中有两种形式,即在句子中有两种形式,即have和和has。have用于第一人称(用于第一人称(I,we)、第二人称()、第二人称(you)以及第三人称复数)以及第三人称复数(they)和其他复数名词)和其他复数名词;而;而has则用于第三人称单数(则用于第三人称单数(he,she,it)和单数名)和单数名词词。主语为第一人称主语为第一人称(I,we),第第
3、二人称二人称(you)和第三人称复数和第三人称复数(they)主语为第三人称单数主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it等等)肯定句肯定句主语主语have宾语宾语主语主语has宾语宾语人称人称句式句式 一般现在时(英语时态之一)一般现在时,是一种英语语法形式。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性(即事实)的动作或状态。在英语语法中,“时”指动作发生的时间,“态”指动作的样子和状态。时间:指动作发生在“现在”的时间段内。状态:“经常发生的动作或存在的状态”。两个方面理解:1、规律性:在日常生活中,有的事情是有规律的,有的是偶尔做几次。这些都算经常发生的事件。经常性:“经常发生的动作”,比如每天起床、
4、吃饭、上学等 习惯性:这个动作经常发生,是一般的情况而不是具体的某一次。真理性:有些动作或状态是永恒的,比如地球绕着太阳转,2、事物存在的状态。肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句I have an apple I dont have an appleDo you have an apple?肯定回答:Yes,I do.否定回答:No,I dont.Mr.Brown has a daughter.Mr.Brown doesnt have a daughter.Does Mr.Brown have a daugher?肯定回答:Yes,he does.否定回答:No,he doesnt.
5、一般现在时的基本句型结构:以have为例变成一般疑问句,借助助动词do或does。变成否定句时,借助助动词的否定形式do not(缩略为dont)does not(缩略为 doesnt)。根据人称和数选择do does dont 或doesnt.注意:动词第三人称单数形式要还原成动词原形类 别构 成 法读 音例 词一般情况 加-s 在清辅音后读/s/maps,books在浊辅音及元音后读/z/cars,photos在/t/后读/ts/cats,students在/d/后读/dz/beds,guards在/dz/后读/iz/bridges,ages以s,x,ch,sh 结尾的词加-es在/s/,
6、/z/,/s/,/ts/后读/iz/classes,brushes以辅音字母+y结尾的词 将y改成i,加-es/z/factories,stories以字母o结尾的词 有生命的词加-es/z/potatoes,tomatoes无生命的词加-s/z/radios,pianos以字母f或fe结尾的词 直接加-s将f,fe,改为-ves有些加-s或改为-ves均可/s/roofs,beliefs/z/shelves,knives/s/或/z/scarfs/scarves可数名词复数的规则变化It has a long nose.。The boys have many books.We have tw
7、o baseball bats.You have three ping-pong pats.It doesnt have a long nose.The boys dont have many books.We dont have two baseball bats.You dont have three ping-pong pats.实战演练 1(变成否定句)1.A dog _ four legs.A bird _ two legs.2.Our school _ a library.3.We _ 30 chairs in our classroom.4.My broterh _ a nice
8、 toy car.5.Do Tom and his brother _ a big bedroom?Yes,they do.hashashashavehashave实战演练 2(用用have/has填空填空)-_-_ have a_?Does hesoccer ballYes,he does.He has a soccer ball.“Does+he/she/某人(某人(第三人称单数)第三人称单数)+have+其他?其他?”他他/她她/某人有某人有.吗?吗?肯定回答:肯定回答:Yes,he/she does.是的,是的,ta有。有。(He/She has.)does是助动词,无任何是助动词,无
9、任何实义,只是用来帮助实义,只是用来帮助第第三人称单数三人称单数构成疑问句构成疑问句和否定句和否定句.has是是have的的第三人称单数第三人称单数形式。形式。归纳总结:归纳总结:-_-_ have a_?Does shevolleyballNo,she doesnt.She doesnt have a volleyball.“Does+he/she/某人(第某人(第三人称单数)三人称单数)+have+其其他?他?”他他/她她/某人有某人有.吗吗?否定回答:否定回答:No,he/she doesnt.不,不,ta没有。没有。(He/She doesnt have.)doesnt=does no
10、tdoes后动词是原形后动词是原形!-_-_ have a baseball?Do theyYes,they do.They have a baseball.“Do+they(第三(第三人称人称复数复数)+have+其他?其他?”他他们们有有.吗?吗?肯定回答:肯定回答:Yes,they do.是的,是的,ta有。有。(They have.)-_-_ have a volleyball?Do theyNo,they dont.They dont have a volleyball.含有实义动词含有实义动词have的一般疑问句的一般疑问句:“Do+they(第三人(第三人称称复数复数)+have
11、+其其他?他?”他们他们有有.吗?吗?否定回答:否定回答:No,they dont.不,不,他们他们没有没有。(They dont have.)第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称单数单数复数复数单数单数单数单数复数复数复数复数I weyouyouthey,boys he,she,it havehas助动词助动词do 助动词助动词does 注意:助注意:助动词后的动词后的动词需要动词需要用原形!用原形!句型转换。句型转换。1.I have a baseball bat.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_ _ _ a baseball bat?2.My brother has a s
12、occer ball.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_ your brother _ a soccer ball?3.Do your friends have a volleyball?(肯定回答肯定回答)_,_ _.4.Does Mr Smith have a brother?(否定回答否定回答)_,_ _.Do you haveDoes have Yes they doNo he doesnt 实战演练3bComplete the sentences with the correct possessive form(s)of the words in brackets.possessiv
13、e form 所有格一、定义:一、定义:名词后加 s或of来表示所有关系,叫做名词所有格。二、分类:二、分类:第一类:s类所有格(一般为有生命的)第二类:of所有格 (通常指无生命的)第三类:双重所有格第四类:特殊所有格名词所有格名词所有格名词所有格人、动物的所有格人、动物的所有格Its my fathers cat.人人Look at the elephants table.动物动物These are womens magazines.Look at the birds nest.my father-in-laws house;复合名词复合名词somebody elses hat看做整体的语
14、看做整体的语句句“名词名词+s+名词名词”利用利用s的所有的所有格。格。人人动物动物单数名词和不以单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数结尾的复数名词用名词用s。以以-s结尾的复数名词用结尾的复数名词用。表示有生命的表示有生命的东西用东西用s。无生命物的所有格无生命物的所有格the color of the skythe top of the pagetodays newspaper;tomorrows weatherthree miles distance;ten pounds weight“名词名词+of+名词名词”利用利用of的的所有格。所有格。如果是事物(无生命)的情如果是事物(无生命)的情况时
15、,用况时,用of表示所有关系。表示所有关系。特别是特别是top,back,bottom,side等表序位后用等表序位后用of表示。表示。时间、距离、价格、重量、时间、距离、价格、重量、拟人化的名词,用拟人化的名词,用s表示所表示所有格。有格。重 点 掌 握单数名词后面后加s如:Marys pen 玛丽的钢笔 my sisters watch 我妹妹的手表复数名词以复数名词以s结尾的名词后加结尾的名词后加如:your grandparents room 你祖父母的房间复数名词不以复数名词不以s结尾的名词后加结尾的名词后加s Childrens Day 儿童节 Womens Day 妇女节共同所有
16、若一样东西为两人或两人以上共有,则在最后一个名词用所有格The woman dressed in blue is Mary and Alices mother那个穿蓝衣服的妇女是玛丽和爱丽丝的母亲。分别所有如果分别所有,则两个名词都用所有格,且其后名词应为复数Mr.Smiths and Mr.Blacks cars are different3bComplete the sentences with the correct possessive form(s)of the words in brackets.KatesElla and Emmas grandparentsmy Teng Fei
17、s possessive form 所有格3cComplete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.hasmakeslikesistalk play look3dAsk and answer questions about each others family.Do you have any sisters or brothers?Does your father play any sport?Does your mother like music?Does your family have many peopl
18、e?3dAsk and answer questions about each others family.Do you have any sisters or brothers?Yes,I do.I have a sister.Shes really beaut iful and loves to read.Shes always helping me with my homework.Does your father play any sport?Yes,he does.My father likes swimming.3dAsk and answer questions about each others family.Does your mother like music?Yes,she does.My mother plays the guitar.She also likes listening to music.Does your family have many people?Yes.There are four people.My mom,dad,sister,and myself.