1、状语从句分类及考点分析 定语：修饰名词或者代词。（）主（）。谓。 （）宾（）。20. People should not do things （_that_ will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily）.一状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子1.判断He writes carefully. 修饰动词He walks slowly. 修饰动词He is extremely happy. 修饰形容词He runs very slowly. 修饰副词Unfortunately, he lost all of his money. 修饰整个句子二状语按意义分
2、类表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式、让步、比较、伴随等。指出下列画线部分属于什么状语。How about meeting again at six? 时间状语Mr. Smith lives on the third floor. 地点状语主+谓（lives）.状 主 谓（live on） 宾Last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain. 原因状语She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 方式状语She came in with a dict
3、ionary in her hand. 伴随状语 In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 目的状语To make his dream come true, Tom becomes very interested in business. 目的状语The boy needs a pen very much. 程度状语The boy really needs a pen. 程度状语He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 结果状语She works very hard
4、 though she is old. 让步状语I am taller than he is. 比较状语I shall go there if it doesnt rain. 条件状语On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. 时间.地点状语Having to finish his homework, the boy needs a pen. 原因状语三状语从句在复合句中位置1.一般说来，状语从句在复合句中的位置比较灵活，有时置于句首，有时置于句末，有时置于句首与句末都可以。如：2.当状语从句置于句首时，其后通常会用逗号隔开。但当句子较短
5、或当状语从句与主句的关系比较密切时，也可以不用逗号。如：If you pull too hard you will break the rope. 如果太用力拉，就会把绳子拉断。When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。3.当状语从句位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。但是，如果状语从句与其前主句的关系不是很密切，尤其作为添补内容时，其前也可用逗号，如：Better say yes, if they ask you. 如果他们问你，你最好说“是”。We knew he couldnt have paid
6、 for it, because he had no money. 我们知道不可能是他付了这笔钱，因为他没钱。4.另外，状语从句有时也可位于句子中间，如：He said （that if I passed my test he would buy me a car）. 他说如果我通过考试，他将给我买辆汽车。This, if the news (should) be true, is a very serious matter. 如果消息属实，这可是一件非常严重的事情。四英语状语的分类英语中的状语按其用途，可以分为时间状语、地点状语、方面状语、原因状语、结果状语、目的状语、条件状语、让步状语、程
7、度状语、方式状语、伴随状语等11种。1.时间状语She is to be married next month. 她预定在下个月结婚。Ill meet you at 4 oclock. 我将在4点钟和你见面。A lot of students missed my lecture yesterday. 昨天许多学生误了我的课。2.地点状语He lives over the mountain. 他住在山的那一边。I first met him in Paris. 我初次见到他是在巴黎。The children are swimming in the river. 孩子们正在河里游泳。注：地点状语除
8、表位置外，还可以表“出发”“去向”“距离”等。如：Are you glad to be going back to school? 返回学校你感到高兴吗?They lived many miles from the town. 他们住的地方离镇子好几英里远。3.方面状语She is very weak in physics. 她物理很不行。China is very rich in natural resources. 中国自然资源丰富。This is better in every way than that. 这个在哪一方面都比那个要好。The bridge is 2500 meters
9、in length and 150 meters in height. 这座桥长2500米，高150米。4.原因状语He was surprised at what she said. 听到她说的话，他很吃惊。He succeeded by hard work. 他由于努力工作而成功。He was sent to prison for robbery. 他因为抢劫而坐牢。Last week she fell ill from cold. 上星期她着凉生病了。Were proud of our motherland. 我们为祖国感到骄傲。5.结果状语He talked his wife into
10、 buying a car. 他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。The box is too heavy for me to lift. 这个箱子太重了，我提不动。It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。He went to Africa in 1963, never to come back. 他在1963年到非洲，然后就再也没回来过了。6.目的状语They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。He saves on behalf of his son. 他为儿子存
11、钱。He stood aside for her to pass. 他靠边站让她过去。He cupped his ear to hear better. 他的手捂着耳朵，以便听得更清楚。He went to the south in search of a better life. 他去南方寻求更好的生活。I went to France not to study French, but to study architecture. 我去法国不是为了学法语，而是为了学建筑。7.条件状语Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗？United,
12、we stand；divided, we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。With more money I would be able to buy it. 钱多一点的话，我就买得起。To look at him you could hardly help laughing. 看到他你就会忍不住笑起来。We must be losing at least a third of our staff under new technology. 在新的技术条件下，我们必定要解雇至少三分之一的员工。Weather permitting, well have the match tomorrow. 天
13、气允许的话，我们将于明天进行比赛。8.让步状语For all his money, hes a very lonely man. 他虽然富有，可是非常寂寞。Carol went to work in spite of feeling ill. 卡洛尔尽管感到不舒服仍去上了班。With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。You couldnt do that to save your life. 你即使为了救自己的命也不能那样做。Laughed at by everybody, he had my sympathy. 人人都
14、嘲笑他，但我却同情他。Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 他们尽管了解这一切，还是要我赔偿损失。9.程度状语I dont like coffee very much. 我不太喜欢咖啡。To a great extent, it is not fair. 在很大程度上，这是不公平的。The system which is used in this school is very successful. 这个学校所施行的制度是非常成功的。10.方式状语We came on the bus. 我们坐公共汽车来的。You must pay
15、 the bill in cash. 你必须用现金付账。I watched the game on television. 我在电视上收看了那场比赛。We see with our eyes, and hear with our ears. 我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听。I heard of the job through a newspaper advertisement. 我从报上的广告中知道了这个工作。11.伴随状语I slept with the window open. 我开着窗睡觉。She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着泪水说再见。He
16、 ran up to her breathing heavily. 他气喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 他满脸是汗跑进屋来。五、状语从句的引导词归纳（1）时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：1.when,whenever,while,as当。时；随着,2.after在。之后,before在。之前,since自从,3.till直到。时,until直到。时,notuntil.直到。才once 一旦4.every time每次 ,each time每次,next time下一次,any tim
17、e,the last time上一次5.一。就。As soon asImmediately,directly,instantlyThe moment,the minute,the second,the instant,hardly when,scarcely when,no soonerthanAs soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.（2）地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherev
18、er无论在哪.Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.（3）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.（4）引导结果状语从句的连词有：so.that,such.that,so that以至于；以便于,so等。Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the
19、 children are reluctant to leave.（5.）引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that等，从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.（6.）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless除非,as(so) long as只要；只有,on condition that,in case万一,provided(
20、providing) that假设, supposing hat假设;given that考虑到；鉴于等。As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.（7.）引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有（though,although ，as）虽然；尽管,whetheror无论是。还是。,（even though,even if）即使,while尽管（位于句首）,No matter what(when,how.)无论。,whatever(whenever,wher
21、ever,however.)无论。等。though等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”。No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)（8）引导方式状语从句的连词有as按照,j
22、ust as,as if好像,as though好像等。as if,as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.(9)引导比较状语从句asas 和。一样 / than 比 二）whilel.表示时间，意思是“当的时候”，“和同时”。例如:We waited while he dined.他吃饭时，我们等着。Please
23、be quiet while I am talking to you.在我跟你说话的时候，请安静。2.表示让步，意思是“虽然，尽管”。例如:While I understand what you say，I cant agree with you.虽然你说的我懂，可是我还是不能同意。While he is respected，he is not liked.他虽受人尊敬，但并不被人喜爱。3.表示对比，意思是“而，然而”。例如:She is very diligent，while he is very lazy.她很勤奋，而他却很懒。You like sports，while Id rather
24、 read.你爱运动，而我爱看书。（三）as高考试题传真1.表示时间，意思是“当的时候，随着”。例如:I met John as I was coming home。我回家途中遇到约翰。As a young man，he joined the army.他在年轻时就参了军。2.表示原因，意思是“由于，因为”。例如:As he was not well，I decided to go without him.因为他身体不好，我决定独自去了。She stayed at home as she had no car.她因没有汽车而留在家里。3.表示比较，意思是“像一样”。例如:Im as tall
25、as you(are).我和你样高。The work is not so easy as you imagine.这工作不像你想象的那么简单。4.表示方式，意思是“按照，如同”。例如:Do as I do.我怎么干，你就怎么干。I have told the story just as it happened.我已如实地讲了这一情况。5.表示让步。意思是“虽然，尽管”。注意，as引导状语从句表示让步时，一定要用倒装语序。例如:Sick as he was，he came to work.他虽然有病，还是来上班了。Child as he is，he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，懂的却
26、很多。Much as I like it，I wiIl not buy it.虽然我很喜欢这个东西，但不想买它。（四）if1.表示条件或假设，意思是“如果，假如”。例如：Well stay at home if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨，我们就呆在家里。If I were you，I wouldnt go.假如我是你，我就不去。2.表示让步，意思是“虽然，即使”。例如:I will go if I die for it.即使是死我也要去。If I am wrong，you come wrong,too.即使我错了，你也是错。3.表示时间，意思是“无论何时，当”，相当于w
27、henever。例如: If I dont understand what he says,I always ask him.我不懂他说的话时，我总问他。If winter comes，can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗?4.表示原因，意思是“既然”。例如:If you dont like the job，why dont you change it?既然你不喜欢这个工作，为什么不换换呢?（六）since1.表示时间，意思是“自从以来”。例如:I havent heard from him since he left.自从他离开后，我就没有得到他的消息。I
28、t is ten years since he joined the army.他参军已经有十年了。2.表示原因，意思是“既然；因为”。例如:Since this method doesnt work，lets try another.既然这种方法不行，我们就试用另一种吧。（七）so that1.表示目的，意思是“以便，为了”。例如:They started off early so that they could get there in time.他们早早动身以便及时到达那里。The student worked hard so that he might learn more.这个学生努力学习，以便学到更多的知识。2.表示结果，意思是“因此，结果是”。例如:I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat.我很早就去听课，结果占到了一个好座位。He spoke clearly，so that everyone heard.他说话清楚，因此每个人都能听见。
