1、PART ONESubject-Verb AgreementContents1Definition 3Exercises2Detailed Explanation谓语动词用单数的情况谓语动词用复数的情况谓语动词单复数视情况而定Definition Part 1性、人称、时态e.g He likes swimming.We as well as our teacker_(plant)trees every year.语法一致原则意义一致原则 就近/远原则Three PrinciplesPart 2Three Principles 语法一致原则 （主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致）主语是单数形
2、式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。Jolin great success with so many years going on.The Jolins very fond of singing.主语单数-谓语单数主语复数-谓语复数Three Principles 语法一致原则 练习题：My child _(have)no intention of spending a vacation with me.我的孩子不想与我一起度假。My children _(have)no intention of spending a vacation with me.我的孩子
3、们不想与我一起度假。答案：has;have无意做某事Three Principles 意义一致原则 (意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题)有时主语形式上为复数，但意义上却是单数，那么谓语依也用单数形式；有时主语形式上为单数，但意义上却是复数，那么谓语依也用复数形式。The singer and artist holding a concert called“land blue”.歌星和大艺术家是同一个人，是单数。The old very well taken care of in our city.the old 指所有老年人，指一类人，是复数。注意区分：the A and B（一个
4、人兼具两种身份）the A and the B（有两个事物或人）e.g.the singer and the dancer一个歌唱家和一个舞蹈家。Three Principles 意义一致原则 (意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题)练习题：Billiards _(be)becoming more and more popular in some cities.桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。His family _(be)a big one.His family _(be)waiting for him.答案：is;is;areThree Principles 就近原则就近原则是指当主
5、语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时，谓语动词的变化与紧邻谓语动词的主语保持一致。Linlin or you supposed to get into the hole.常见结构有：either.or.（要么，要么）；neither.nor.（既不，也不）；not only.but also.（不但，而且）；not.but.（不是，而是）there be句型Three Principles 就近原则练习题：Either you or I _(be)going there.要么你去那里，要么我去那里。Not only he but also all his family _(be)keen on
6、concerts.不仅仅是他，还有他全家人都很热衷于音乐会。Neither his family nor he _(know)anything about it.There _(be)milk and some books on the desk.There _(be)three bottles of milk on the desk.答案：am;are;knows;is;are 就前（远）原则当前后两个主语由这些词连接的时候，谓语动词的单复数与离它较远的主语的单复数保持一致。e.g.,together with her parents,been to the Summer Palace tw
7、ice.Mary和她的父母已经去过颐和园两次了。as well as Jack music.including Xiaowming this opportunity.就前（远）原则Three Principles 就前（远）原则练习题：e.g.Nobody but two students _(be)in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室。e.g.A woman with two children _(have)come.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。答案：is;hasThree Principles 就前（远）/近原则练习题：1.Not only he but als
8、o I _invited.A.is B.are C.am D.be2.Mary as well as her sisters_Chinese in China.A.are studying B.have studied C.studies D.study答案：C；AThree PrinciplesDetailed Explanation Part 3Detailed Explanation（1）有5个常见的集合名词通常视为复数 police,people,militia（民兵）,youth,cattle（牛群），做主语时，谓语用复数形式。e.g.The police are here警察来了（
9、2）有5个常见的集合名词通常视为单数：machinery（器械）,merchandise（商品），furniture,luggage,equipment做主语时，谓语用单数。e.g.All the furniture is made in China所有的家具都是中国制造集合名词的主谓一致Detailed Explanation 注意：有7个常见的集合名词既可以做为单数，也可以作为复数：family,class,team,government,personnel(全体人员，人事部门）,committee（委员会）,company.e.g.family:指团体“家庭“时，谓语用单数：当指团体中的
10、成员“家人”同，谓语用复数。Her family is big.他有一个大家庭Her family are present家里所有人都到齐了集合名词的主谓一致原则：定语从句中谓语的单复数应该与先行词的单复数保持一致。注意：当先行词部分为 one of复数名词时，定语从句的谓语跟先行词一致，从句中谓语动词用复数。当先行词部分为 the onlyvery one of复数名词时，定语从句的谓语单复数名词跟the only one一致，从句中谓语动词用单数。He is one of the students who there on time他是按时到这里的学生中的一个。He is the only
11、 one of the students who there on time他是学生中唯一一个按时到这里。Detailed Explanation 定语从句的主谓一致Detailed Explanation 1to do不定式，doing做主语时，一般情况下，谓语用单数。e.g.To pass the exam the exam the most important thing for us.Passing the exam the most important thing for us.通过这场考试对我们来说是最重要的。谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 2.主语从
12、句做主语时（主语从句），谓语动词一般为单数。e.g What we should do is a problem.e.g.What we need freedom 我想要的就是自由。注意：当句子作主语且表语是复数时，主句谓语动词用复数e.g.What we need some apples.谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 3.主语为：形复意单名词，谓语动词为单数，如：以-ics 结尾的学科名称：news(消息),physics（物理),mathematics(算数),economics(经济学)politics（政治学），ethics（伦理学），acoustics
13、（声学）等 以-s结尾专有名词：the United states(美国)，Times（时代杂志）等e.g The news is good to us.对我们来说这个消息是好的。e.g Physics is my favorite subject.物理是我最喜欢的学科。谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 4.表示时间，距离，金额，重量，计量，空间，体积意义的复数名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。Eight hours of sleep enough，八小时的睡眠足够了e.g Thirty minutes is short.30分钟很短。e.g Ten miles i
14、s a long distance.十英里是一个长距离。e.g Fifty willion dollars is too much money.1500万美元是一大笔钱谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 5.（1）只要主语前有many a(许多）,every,each（of）,no修饰时，句子中谓语用单数。e.g Every desk and each chair made of wood每一张桌子和椅子都是术头制造的。e.g Each of the students likes swimming.每一个学生都喜欢游泳。e.g Many a boy likes pla
15、ying basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球。e.g No teacher and no student likes to go swimming.（2）主语中有and一般是复数。但指一样东西时,为单数。The singer and the actor very famous（歌手和演员）The singer and actor very famous（歌手兼演员）谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation（3）由and连接的2个名词，但是指一个整体概念。谓语用单数。law and order 法律秩序 coffee and tea 咖啡奶茶early to bed
16、and early to rise 早睡早起 bread and butter 黄油面包谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 6.疑问句+to do做主语，谓语动词用单数。How to make a cake is a problem.7.one of+复数名词，做主语，谓语动词用单数。One of my hobbies is playing badminton.谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 8.不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数：some-;any-/no-加-thing/body/oneSomeone is asking to see y
17、ou.Nobody is to blame for it.这谁也不怨。No one wants to read such books.没有人想看那样的书。All are present at the meeting.All is going on very well.谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 9.a series of+n 和 a species of+n 作主语（视作整体考虑），谓语动词用单数。There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing.10.加减乘除用单数。Ten plus two i
18、s twelve.10+2=12Ten minus two is eight.10-2=8Ten times two is twenty.102=20Ten divided by two is five.102=5谓语动词用单数的情况Detailed Explanation 1.the形容词做主语表示一类人，谓语用复数。如：the rich,the sick,the dead,the diligent（勤奋的）,The blind,the young,the aged等.The aged well taken care of in the community.这个社区的老年人都受到了良好的照顾
19、。谓语动词用复数的情况Detailed Explanation 2.both.and,and连接的两个名词或代词做主语,一般情况，谓语用复数。Tom and Jerry are good friends.3.scissors(剪刀),clothes(衣服),trousers(裤子)，gloves(手套),glasses（眼镜）等作主语时，视为复数。His glasses are cheap.但以上名词前,若出现a pair of一双,则视为单数A pair of glasses is on the desk.谓语动词用复数的情况Detailed Explanation（1)“许多”一族：lot
20、s of/plenty of/a lot of/a multitude of（许多）若接复数名词，谓语用复数;若接不可数名词，谓语用单数。谓语动词单复数由后面名词单复数决定：Detailed Explanation（1）表部分的：all of most of half ofpart ofsome of the rest of后若复数名词，谓语用复数；若接不可数名词，谓语用单数。The rest of the books are on the desk.The vest of the water is on the desk.Half of the apples are red.谓语动词单复数由
21、后面名词单复数决定：Detailed Explanation（2）分数/百分数后若接复数名词，谓语用复数；若接不可数名词，谓语用单数。（重点掌握）e.g Twenty percent students in our class have mobile phone.e.g 30%of the water is not clean注意：凡是主语有百分数，比例，全部等这样的词修饰时，者更根据其后面的名词来判断单复数。谓语动词单复数由后面名词单复数决定：Detailed Explanation（3）none of+名词，若of后是复数，即可当作单数，也可复数。若none of+不可数名词，为单数。No
22、ne of us is/are perfect.人无完人。None of the pens works/work.没有一支钢笔能用。He told me the news but none of it is true.他告诉我那些消息但是没有一个是真的。谓语动词单复数由后面名词单复数决定：Detailed Explanation 1.短语：a number of复数名词，谓语动词用复数。the number of复数名词，谓语动词用单数，（重点掌握）The number of the students is 200 and a number of them are from south Chi
23、na.（1）work 与 works work表示“工作”，不可数名词，谓语动词永远用单数。work表示“作品”，可数名词，谓语动词用单数；复数形式是works，谓语动词用复数。works表示“工厂”，单复数同形。谓语动词视其句子中的意义而定。特殊情况Detailed Explanation 2.“形单意复”的2个词Many a,more than one表示“许多”，但他们后面接单数可数名词、谓语动词用单数。Many a student likes playing their cell phones on the subway.许多学生喜欢在地铁上玩手机。More than one stud
24、ent was late.不止一个学生迟到。“more复数名词than one”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：More persons than one come to help us.不止一个人来帮助我们。特殊用法 选词填空 翻译Exercises PART ONE1.The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.is B.was C.are D.were 答案：B.分析：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secreta
25、ry and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。2.Your new clothes fit you,but mine _ me.A.doesnt fit B.dont fit C.doesnt fit for D.dont fit for答案：B.分析：根据前一分句的意思，第二分句中的mine指的是“my new clothes”，因此主语是复数。3.The boy sitting by the window is the only one of
26、 the students who _ from the countryside in our school.A.are B.is C.were D.was 答案：B.分析：根据句意，这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生，自然后面的定语从句 的主语是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，又因主从句时态保持一致，故B 是唯一正确答案。4.各地来的消息都送至总办公室。【解题思路】“消息”的英语形式news 虽然以复数形式出现，但谓语动词须用单数形式。译文：The news from the various districts is sent to a central office.5.不是他就是我要去参加学
27、生的会。【解题思路】主语部分“不是他就是我”要用英语连词eitheror。一般来说，根据主谓一致通常采取临近原则，谓语动词应与最靠近的一个主语保持一致。本句中的两个主语he和I，I更靠近谓语，所以谓语动词要与I保持一致。译文：Either he or I am to attend the students meeting.6.早睡早起使人身体健康、富有和聪明。【解题思路】句子主语“早睡”和“早起”虽然是两个动作，但在英语中通常把它们看做一个整体，尤其在成语和谚语中，所以谓语动词仍然用单数形式。译文：Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise.单击此处添加副标题内容Thank You!2024
