1、动词时态-完成时EFFICIENT CLASSROOM张莲子1587179143401现在完成时02过去完成时03将来完成时目 录CATALOG现在完成时have/has done PART-01PART-01现在完成时(1)表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果。常用的状语有表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果。常用的状语有already,ever,just(刚刚刚刚),yet等。等。He has turned off the light.(The light is off now.)他已经关灯了他已经关灯了。PART-01现在完成时(2)表示一个动作开始于过去,一直持续到现在。常与之
2、连用的时间状语有表示一个动作开始于过去,一直持续到现在。常与之连用的时间状语有lately,recently,until now,up to now,so far,by now,ever since,since,in the last(past)few days/years,for+一段时间一段时间等。等。In the past few years,great changes have taken place in my hometown.在过去的几年里,我的家乡发生了巨大变化在过去的几年里,我的家乡发生了巨大变化。His first novel has received good revie
3、ws since it came out last month.他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来获得了许多好评他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来获得了许多好评。PART-01现在完成时(3)下列句型中常用现在完成时。下列句型中常用现在完成时。This/That/It is the first/second/.time that现在完成时现在完成时This/That/It is the best/finest/most interesting/.名词名词that现在完成时现在完成时This is the first time that I have made a speech.这是我第一次做演讲。这是
4、我第一次做演讲。It is the most interesting novel that I have ever read.这是我所读过的最有趣的小说。这是我所读过的最有趣的小说。过去完成时had donePART-02PART-02过去完成时(1)表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。常见的时间状语有表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。常见的时间状语有by过去时过去时间点,间点,by the end of过去时间点,过去时间点,by the time从句,从句,until/before/since过过去时间点或从句。去时间点或从句。I had put away my cellphone
5、before my father came back.在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。在我爸爸回来之前我已经把我的手机收起来了。PART-02过去完成时(2)在在hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.等表示等表示“一一就就”的的句式中,主句常用过去完成时。当句式中,主句常用过去完成时。当hardly,scarcely,no sooner置于句首时,置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。主句要用部分倒装。No sooner had they rushed out of the house than it burnt down.他们刚从房子里冲出来房子就烧塌了
6、。他们刚从房子里冲出来房子就烧塌了。This/That/It was the first/second/.time that过去完成时过去完成时This/That/It was the best/finest/most interesting/.名词名词that过去完成时过去完成时PART-02过去完成时(3)动词动词hope,expect,mean,intend,want,suppose的过去完成时表示过去的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。未曾实现的愿望或意图。I had hoped to go home from work ahead of time.我本希望提前下班回家。我本希望
7、提前下班回家。(但未能如愿但未能如愿)将来完成时will have donePART-03PART-03将来完成时1.表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作,并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作,并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。例:例:1Pick me up at 8 oclock,I will have had breakfast by then.早上早上8点钟你来接我,到时我已经吃完早饭了。点钟你来接我,到时我已经吃完早饭了。2We shall(will)have learned 12 units by the end of this term.到这个学期末,我们将学
8、完到这个学期末,我们将学完12个单元。个单元。3By the time you get home,I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。PART-03将来完成时2.表示推测,相当于表示推测,相当于must have done结构。结构。例:例:1You will have heard of this,I guess.我猜你已经听说过这件事了。我猜你已经听说过这件事了。2I am sure that he will have got the information.我相
9、信他一定会得到我相信他一定会得到这个信息。这个信息。3.表示某种状态一直持续到说话人所提及的时间。表示某种状态一直持续到说话人所提及的时间。例:例:We will have been married a year on June 25th.到到6月月25日我们日我们俩结婚就满俩结婚就满1年了。年了。特殊句式中的完成时虚拟语气中完成时的使用:虚拟语气中完成时的使用:表示与过去的事实相反,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用表示与过去的事实相反,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成过去完成时时,主句中的谓语动词则用,主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could+have+过去分词过去
10、分词”。如:。如:If he had taken my advice,he would have succeeded in the competition.特殊句式中的完成时宾语从句中完成时的使用:宾语从句中完成时的使用:She said that she had seen the film before.总结解题key words时间状语:时间状语:现在完成时:现在完成时:since,for+一段时间,一段时间,recently,ever,never,already,yet,just到现在为止:到现在为止:up to now,until now,by now,so farin/over/du
11、ring the last/past 2 years/days.过去完成时:过去完成时:by+过去时间过去时间将来完成时:将来完成时:by+将来时间将来时间总结解题key words特殊句式:特殊句式:This/That/It is+序数词序数词/最高级最高级 that现在完成时现在完成时This/That/It was+序数词序数词/最高级最高级 that过去完成时过去完成时hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.等表示等表示“一一就就”的句式中,主句常用过去完成时。的句式中,主句常用过去完成时。虚拟语气中用于表示对过去的虚拟虚拟语气中用于表示对过去的虚拟练
12、习时间写作应用在一个教师家庭长大,我从小就有很多机会与文学联系起来。Being raised in a family of teachers,I have got plenty of chances to connect myself with literature since a young age.我原本期望在比赛中获得一等奖,但结果让我感到失望。I had expected to get the first prize in the contest but the result made me disappointed.当杰克从英国回到家时,他的儿子已经从大学毕业了。By the tim
13、e Jack returned home from England,his son had graduated from college.If I hadnt read the newspaper Youth,I wouldnt have made such great progress in English.如果我没读英文报Youth,我在英语方面就不会有这么大的进步。“这是我第一次参加游泳比赛”Tom紧张又激动的说。Its the first time Ive competed in swimming,Tom said nervously and excitedly.他刚一说完,现场就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。He had hardly finished speaking when the audience erupted in thunderous applause.Hardly had he finished speaking when the audience erupted in thunderous applause.Thank you for your attention