1、1宁波市宁波市 2023 学年第二学期高考与选考模拟考试学年第二学期高考与选考模拟考试英语试卷英语试卷注意事项：注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将
2、本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共第一节（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 7.5 分）分）听下面 5 段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Where does the conversation probably ta
3、ke place?A.In a hospital.B.In a factory.C.In a hotel.2.When will the speakers arrive at the airport probably?A.At 3:30.B.At 4:30.C.At 5:30.3.What suggestion does the woman give to the man?A.Avoiding working at night.B.Getting all the parts from Japan.C.Buying a new washing machine.4.What are the spe
4、akers talking about?A.How to get to New York.B.How to enter for a course.C.How to get a driving licence.5.What kept the woman awake last night?A.The heat.B.The repairs of the power.C.The storm.第二节（共第二节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分）分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的
5、相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第 6、7 题。6.Why does the woman talk to the man?A.To cancel their plan.B.To make an invitation.C.To ask for information.7.What does the man decide to do this evening?A.See a band show.B.Buy tickets online.C.Accompany his pare
6、nts.听下面一段对话，回答第 8、9 题。8.How is the house usually heated?A.By coal.B.By electricity.C.By wood.9.What will the woman do next?2A.Make a phone call.B.Buy a heater.C.Cook supper.听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至 13 题。10.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Neighbours.B.Colleagues.C.Husband and wife.11.What did
7、 the man do this afternoon?A.He did his work.B.He took some exercise.C.He fixed his computer.12.What does the woman want the man to do?A.Go out somewhere.B.Help her with the paper.C.Stop playing a musical instrument.13.How does the man feel about the womans request?A.Astonished.B.Embarrassed.C.Angry
8、.听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至 17 题。14.Whats the conversation mainly about?A.Fighting fire.B.Detecting fire.C.Preventing fire.15.What can we know from the conversation?A.Australia lost 4%of its trees.B.The system is used in America.C.The system will use heat cameras.16.What size of fire can the new system discov
9、er?A.The size of a car.B.The size of a plane.C.The size of a football field.17.What is the womans concern besides trees?A.Protecting humans.B.Purifying the air.C.Saving animals.听下面一段独白，回答第 18 至 20 题。18.What is the speaker doing?A.Teaching a class.B.Reporting a study.C.Chairing a meeting.19.What is t
10、he most important part of taking notes?A.Reading.B.Listening.C.Writing.20.What is one of the advantages of using symbols?A.It keeps information secret.B.It leaves space for future use.C.It makes key words noticeable.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5
11、分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ABritish cinema boasts a rich diversity of films that weave appealing narratives with stunning landscapes and fascinating characters.These films celebrate the diverse beauty and cultural heritage of Britain.Local HeroLocal Hero digs into the conflict between
12、a giant US oil company and a remote Scottish village when the former plans to build a refinery.However,the exceptionally beautiful landscapes and the firm attitude of the villagers sway the companys decision.The story has been a lasting appeal to audiences,even after over four decades.3KesBritish di
13、rector Ken Loachs first triumph,Kes,describes the touching narrative of a young Yorkshire boy taking the journey of capturing and training an eagle.The film offers a rare description of Yorkshire,filled with a tender lens that celebrates its essence.The DigThe delightful counties surrounding London
14、are vividly depicted in The Dig,set against the peaceful countryside of Suffolk before World War.Ralph Fiennes,a famous actor,plays the role of a self-taught archaeologist unearthing the mysteries of an Anglo-Saxon graveyard,adding to its fun.CalvaryIrish director Michael McDonaghs films set in Irel
15、and are undoubtedly attractive,often integrating Irelands picturesque scenery into the story.Among these,Calvary,stands out.It records the difficult and tiring journey of a moral priest,dealing with the evil forces within his area.21.Which of the following films will appeal to curious history lovers
16、?A.The Dig.B.Local Hero.C.Kes.D.Calvary.22.What is the setting of the film Local Hero?A.A Yorkshire village.B.A remote Scottish village.C.The countryside of Suffolk.D.The Anglo-Saxon graveyard.23.What is the theme of the British films mentioned in the text?A.The moral dilemma of an Irish priest.B.Th
17、e national and cultural heritage of Britain.C.The beauty and diversity of British landscapes and characters.D.The adventures of Yorkshire boys capturing and training eagles.BThe day I met Hani Irmawati,she stood alone in the parking lot of the International school,a shy seventeen-year-old in worn cl
18、othing.Despite the schools policy against Indonesian students,she approached me,begging to improve her English.When I inquired about her motivation,expecting a local job search,she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university.Moved by her determination,I volunteered to help her af
19、ter school.Each day,Hani woke at dawn,studying on the bus to her public high school,then joining me in the afternoon,exhausted but eager to learn.Despite her struggles with college-level English,her perseverance amazed me.Hanis family lived modestly,her parents working as a custodian and a maid.Thei
20、r income couldnt support her American university aspirations,dampening my initial optimism.In December 1998,a scholarship opportunity arose,but upon reviewing the requirements,I despaired.Hani lacked the extracurricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants.Despite my discour
21、agement,she remained resolute,asking me to submit her application.Unable to refuse,I completed the application,highlighting her courage and perseverance.I warned her of slim acceptance odds,but she remained steadfast.In the following weeks,Hani intensified her English studies,and I arranged for her
22、to take the Test of English Fluency.The computerized test posed a significant challenge for her.Just before departing for the test,she received a 4letter from the scholarship association.I began reading the letter with her,only to discover shed been accepted.Overjoyed,I celebrated while Hani stood q
23、uietly,perhaps bewildered by my shock.In that moment,I realized what Hani had known all along:success requires not just intelligence,but also the drive to persevere and the courage to believe in oneself.24.What motivated Hani to improve her English?A.Pressure from family members.B.Curiosity about fo
24、reign languages.C.Job prospects in the local community.D.Ambition of entering an American university.25.What can we infer about the difficulties that Hani had?A.Hanis parents were unsupportive of her dream.B.Hani was uninterested in extracurricular activities.C.Hanis application form was not submitt
25、ed on time.D.Hani was not academically qualified for the scholarship.26.How did the author likely feel upon discovering Hanis acceptance to the scholarship?A.Surprised and proud.B.Relieved but envious.C.Touched and honored.D.Shocked but concerned.27.Which of the following is the best title for the t
26、ext?A.From Shyness to Success B.A Scholars JourneyC.The Power of Perseverance D.Hanis Unrealistic DreamCLaughter comes in many forms,from a polite chuckle to an infectious howl of amusement.Scientists are now developing an AI system that can copy various forms of laughter accurately.The team behind
27、the laughing robot,Erica,say that the system could improve natural conversations between people and AI systems.Dr.Koji Inoue,lead author of the research from Kyoto University,highlights empathy（共情）as a crucial aspect of conversational AI,suggesting laughter sharing as a means for robots to connect w
28、ith users.To achieve this,Inoue and his team gathered data from over 80 speed-dating dialogues between male students and Erica,initially operated by amateur actors.Dialogue data labeled for individual,social,and joyful laughter was used to train an AI system to identify and produce fitting laughter
29、responses.Based on the audio files,the algorithm（算法）learned their subtle differences,aiming to imitate social laughs subtly and hearty laughs empathetically.“Our biggest challenge in this work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter,”explained Inoue,emphasizing the need for careful categ
30、orization.Ericas“sense of humor”was tested with four dialogues,integrating the new shared-laughter algorithm.These were compared to cases where Erica didnt laugh or emitted social laughs upon detecting laughter.The clips were played to 130 volunteers who rated the shared-laughter algorithm highly fo
31、r empathy and naturalness.The team believed laughter could imbue robots with unique character traits,including conversational behaviors like laughter,eye gaze,gestures,and speaking style.However,Inoue acknowledged it could take over 20 years to have a“casual chat with a robot like we would with a fr
32、iend.”Professor Sandra Wachter,of the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford,said,“One of the things Id keep in mind is that a robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you.It doesnt understand the meaning 5of laughter.They fail to feel,but they might get very good at making
33、 you believe they understand whats going on.”28.Why do scientists develop the AI system that can copy various forms of laughter?A.To make robots sound more human-like.B.To help robots understand human emotions better.C.To enable robots to have a sense of humor like humans.D.To enhance the emotional
34、interaction between people and AI systems.29.What was the challenge Inoue faced while working on this project?A.Creating an algorithm that can genuinely feel amusement.B.Identifying the situations where laughter is truly understood.C.Distinguishing between different types of laughter accurately.D.Co
35、llecting sufficient data for training the machine learning system.30.What does the underlined word“imbue”mean in Paragraph 5?A.Equip.B.Inspire.C.Engage.D.Influence.31.What is Professor Sandra Wachters view on laughing robots?A.They are not capable of capturing human laughter.B.They can imitate laugh
36、ter but lack thorough comprehension.C.It is possible for them to play tricks on humans occasionally.D.It will take long before humans have comfortable conversations with them.DIn a world of music streaming services,access to almost any song is just a few clicks away.Yet,the live performance lives on
37、.People still fill sweaty basements,muddy fields and gilded concert halls to hear their favourite musicians play.And now neuroscientists might know whylive music engages the brains emotion centres more than its recorded counterpart.Concerts are immersive（沉浸式的）social experiences in which people liste
38、n to and feel the music together through crescendos,key changes and rhythmic drops.Moreover,they are dynamicartists can adapt their playing according to the crowds reaction.It was this last difference that led neuroscientists,based at the Universities of Zurich and Oslo,to study the brain responses
39、of people listening to music.In the“live”experiment,participants lay in an MRI scanner listening to the music through earphones,while a pianist was positioned outside the room.The pianist was shown the participants real-time brain activity as a form of feedback.In the recorded condition,participants
40、 listened to pre-recorded versions of the same tunes.The scientists were interested in how live music affected the areas of the brain responsible for processing emotions,particularly the amygdala,an area deep inside the brain.The results,just published in the journal PNAS,revealed that live music ha
41、d a significantly greater emotional impact.Whether the music conveyed happiness or sadness,dynamic live performances led to increased activity not only in the amygdala but also other parts of the brains emotion processing network.The researchers also found that participants brain activity tracked th
42、e acoustic（声学的）features of the music,like tempo and pitch,far more closely when it was played live.While the study didnt fully recreate the live concert experience,the findings suggest that artists ability to adjust 6their performance in real time contributes to the emotional resonance（共鸣）of live mu
43、sic.Some musical acts now attempt to recreate live concerts,such as ABBA Voyage,an immersive pre-recorded VR concert,but without artists capacity to read audiences mood and respond accordingly,it will never quite match the real thing.32.Why do people attend live shows despite music streaming service
44、s?A.Because they prefer being with friends at a concert.B.Because they enjoy the process of finding popular music.C.Because they intend to meet their favorite musicians in person.D.Because they value the emotional connection live music brings.33.The role of the pianist play in the“live”experiment is
45、 to _.A.observe the participants brain activity as feedbackB.compare the effectiveness of live performances and recorded onesC.provide live accompaniment to participants inside the MRI scannerD.demonstrate their ability to read and respond to the audiences mood34.What did the study published in PNAS
46、 find about the impact of live music on the brain?A.Live music affected only the amygdala of the brain.B.The brain responded more intensely to acoustic features of live music.C.Live music had a reduced emotional impact compared to recorded music.D.The participants brain activity was especially sensi
47、tive to dynamic music.35.What does the author suggest by mentioning ABBA Voyage in the last paragraph?A.It fails to create a perfect performing atmosphere.B.It matches the sound quality of live performances.C.It greatly stirs up the audiences emotional response.D.It lacks artists response based on a
48、udiences feedback.第二节（共第二节（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 12.5 分）分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.The solution to any despair might be hope,experts say.Its believing in a brighter future and acting towards it.36 Here are strategies that can help cultivate hope.As Hellman,an assistant profes
49、sor of psychology at Suffolk University in Boston,points out,“Hope begets hope,and it has such a significant protective factor.”37 Make it a point to always be working toward at least one goal thats meaningful,Hellman advises.In other words,it shouldnt be something you have to do but something you w
50、ant to do.“Goals can be anything thats important to us,”he says.Brainstorm solutions.If youve set a goal thats meaningful to you,but you cant figure out a way to achieve it,youll probably feel pretty hopeless.People who are high in hope,meanwhile,tend to generate lots of ways.38 If youre struggling
