1、译 林 必 修 第一册Unit 3 Period 4Extended reading教学目 Lead-in视视频：频：The Introduction to Francis Bacon学习目标学习目标12To summarize Bacons ideas on friendship and identify the structure of the essay.To analyse the writing techniques and figure out the functions of these writing techniques and write a summary of the
2、essay.目标一：目标一：To summarize Bacons ideas on friendship and identify the structure of the essay.Activity 1:Look through page 39 and page 40.Find out the new words and phrases,and read them in pairs.Then read together as a whole and share their usage.seekbenefitindeedwell-meaningmomentbe meant to do st
3、hrecognizecomfortcrowdjoyfailurein full measuresmooth outescapetake ondeathActivity 2:Make a prediction according to the title of the text.What aspects might be included in the article?The definition of friendshipThe development of friendshipThe qualities of good friendsThe significance of friendshi
4、pMore often than not,close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.This essay is about the _of friendship.importance/benefitsActivity 3:Skimming Task 1 Find the topic sentence of each paragraph.Para.1 More often than not,close friendships will help s
5、mooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.Para.2 There are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.Para.3 The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy,sadness,success and failure.Para.4 The second fruit of friendship is the be
6、tter understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.Para.5 The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways.Sometimes a friend is even known as our“second self”.Para.6 Friends should be carefully chose
7、n and relationships carefully developed.Task 2 Fill in the blanks according to the structure of the text.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Para.6 _ to the topic Detailed _ of the fruitsConclusion Introductionexplanation_Activity 4:Scanning Fill in the chart.FruitsThe way to get the fruitsThe importance
8、of the fruitsPeaceBetter understanding and judgementHelpFruitsThe way to get the fruitsThe importance of the fruitsPeaceBe free to share with our friends our joy,sadness,success and failure in full measure Have a double advantagehappiness becomes greater and trouble is halved Give our heart comfort
9、and protectionFriendship can _ the heart and make us _.comforthappierFruitsThe way to get the fruitsThe importance of the fruitsBetter understanding and judgementThrough conversations with well-meaing and wise friends Our friends are better able to offer advice.Conversations make our thoughts cleare
10、r and help us understand our problems more thoroughly.Friendship can _ the head and make us _.advisewiserFruitsThe way to get the fruitsThe importance of the fruitsHelpA friend may offer help in many different ways.We cannot achieve many things without the help of friends.Friends can help us achieve
11、 what we want during life,even after death.Friendship can help us _ and make us_.achieve the goals we set for ourselvesmore satisfied humansActivity 5:Critical thinking.(1)Do you think you can get better advice from your friends?Why?(2)Will you turn to friends when you are confronted with difficulty
12、?How do you know when to be independent and when to ask for the help of friends?(3)Why does Francis Bacon say that“enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends”?Yes,I can get better advice from my friends because they can look at my problems more objectively and offer advice
13、 from a different angle.As a saying goes,“two heads are better than one”.Of course I will,but we should try to deal with a problem on our own first before we turn to our friends for guidance.Independence gives us the freedom to search inside ourselves.We can share our thoughts with our friends and t
14、ake advantage of their opinions,but we alone are responsible for our decisions.(1)Do you think you can get better advice from your friends?Why?(2)Will you turn to friends when you are confronted with difficulty?How do you know when to be independent and when to ask for the help of friends?Not all pe
15、ople around you can give you peace,better understanding and judgement and help.Only true friends can give us comfort,advice and help.Therefore,we should choose friends carefully and develop the friendship carefully.(3)Why does Francis Bacon say that“enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as
16、 being with friends”?目标二：目标二：To analyse the writing techniques and figure out the functions of these writing techniques and write a summary of the essay.Activity 1:Work in pairs and answer the following questions.More often than not,close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road tha
17、t we are all meant to travel.(para.1)(1)What does“rocky road”here mean?(2)What kind of figure of speech is employed here?(3)What is the effect of it?Writing techniques(1)What does“rocky road”here mean?(2)What kind of figure of speech is employed here?(3)What is the effect of it?It refers to our life
18、.Our life is not always smooth.We may encounter difficulties now and then.A metaphor is a figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common.There is no“as”or“like”in a metaphor.A metaphor“carries”meaning from one word,image,idea
19、or situation to another.It can express the unfamiliar in terms of the familiar and therefore help to explain the unfamiliar things.It can also make the writing interesting and vivid.As we walk the“path of life”,we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts,for quiet periods of reflection c
20、an lead to personal improvement.(para.1)In this way,we can better walk the“path of life”with the comfort,advice and help from our trusted friends.(para.6)(1)Why is life like a path?(2)Can you try to create a metaphor about life?Find out more metaphors in the text and answer the following questions.(
21、1)Why is life like a path?(2)Can you try to create a metaphor about life?Life is a long process just like walking in a path.Sometimes we have happy memories just like smelling sweet flowers along the road.And sometimes we are faced with problems just like tripping over the stones on the winding road
22、.Life is a boat,going through ups and downs.Through friendship,we can become happier,wiser and more satisfied humans.(para.2)In this way,we can better walk the“path of life”with the comfort,advice and help from our trusted friends.(para.6)Read the two sentences in para.2 and para.6 respectively and
23、figure out the technique.The technique is parallelism.Parallelism uses similar words,phrases or clauses to show that ideas have the same level of importance.This structure improves readability by giving a natural flow to a written work.Its effects:Parallelism adds rhythm,unity,balance and coherence
24、to your writing.Effective parallelism makes sentences easy to follow and emphasizes relationships among equivalent ideas.It can persuade,motivate and evoke emotional responses from readers or listeners.Explanation of parallelism and its effects.The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes f
25、rom sharing with friends our joy,sadness,success and failure.(para.3)The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.(para.4)The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in man
26、y different ways.(para.5)Find more examples of parallelism in the text.Activity 2:Writing a summary.Task 1 Think about how to write a summary of the essay.Use the following questions to help you.What are the three“fruits”of friendship?Why are they important?DosFocus on the main ideas and key ideas.E
27、xpress these ideas in your own words.Use some linking words.Pay attention to coherence.TipsDontsDont include supporting details or background knowledge.Dont include your personal opinion._Task 2 Write down your summary.Task 3 Exchange your draft with a partner.Use this checklist to help you revise t
28、he draft.Then take your draft back and revise it using your partners comments.Does the writer focus on the main ideas and key ideas?Does the writer use proper linking words to tie the essay together?Does the writer express ideas in their own words?Task 4 Put up your essay in the classroom or read it
29、 to your class.Friendship is very important to us.It leads to self-improvement and helps us better walk the path of life.Friendship has three fruits.First,we feel more comfortable when we share our feelings with our true friends,as they will understand us and allow us to express ourselves.Second,fri
30、ends can help us think more clearly and offer solutions to problems.Third,friends are willing to support us to achieve our goals.However,we should carefully choose friends and develop friendships.A Sample学习总结学习总结1.Can you summarize Bacons ideas on friendship?2.What writing techniques have you learnt and what are the functions of these writing techniques?
