1、To-infinitive as the subjectLearning Objects:1.To know the different forms of the infinitive;2.To master the use of the Infinitive as subject;3.To use the Infinitive as subject in the specific context correctly.Pay attention to the sentencesIt is difficult for me to get up early.It is kind of you to
2、 help me!To get up early is difficult for me.To help me is kind of you!to do 作主语1.直接放在_作主语；2.为了保持句子平衡，用_作形式主语，放在句首，把真正的主语 动词不定式置于句后；3.和_构成“疑问词+to do”短语作主语。句首it疑问词动词不定式作主语用法有三个：Observe To see is to believe.To get good grades requires a lot of hard work.To learn a skill is very important for everyone
3、in societyDiscover 1.1.不定式作主语通常位于不定式作主语通常位于_，表示具体的某次动表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词用作，谓语动词用_。句首句首单数单数 To look after children is her job today.她今天的工作是看孩子。Looking after children is her work.她的工作是照顾孩子。Compare the two sentences below and tell the difference in meaning.Summary不定式作主语和动词-ing形式作主语的区别：动名词作主语表示动名词作主语表示_的行为的行
4、为;不定式作主语表示不定式作主语表示 _ 动作。动作。经常性或习惯性经常性或习惯性具体的、一次性的或将来的具体的、一次性的或将来的1._(do)morning exercises regularly is good for your health.2.It feels really good _(do)morning exercises today.Doingto do 2.2.当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语作形式主语放在句首，放在句首，而将而将真正的主语真正的主语不定式不定式放到谓语的后面。放到谓语的后面。It is not right for peo
5、ple with the virus to go to public places.It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.To join the Peoples LiberationArmy,it is a rule for men to shave off their beards.It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mothers lung surgery.Observe 1.It is interesting to play wi
6、th snow in winter.2.Its important for us to keep the water clean.3.Its very kind of you to help me.Discover 以上句子的表语都是以上句子的表语都是_。形容词形容词it+be+adj+(逻辑主语逻辑主语)+to do sth1.It is necessary for you to change your job.2.Its difficult for us to learn English well.3.It was silly of you to give up such a good c
7、hance!4.Its very kind of you to say so.若若adj.“描述人的品格、特点描述人的品格、特点”,用用of,如如 kind,nice,wise,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish,clever;若若adj.“描述事或行为的特征描述事或行为的特征”,用用for,如如easy,hard,difficult,possible,important,impossible,necessary,good,bad,exciting,interesting,surprising常用句型常用句型1 1：It is+adj.+for/of
8、sb+to do sth1.It is necessary _ young students to learn aforeign language.2.It was silly _ you to give up such a good chance!3.It is important _ us to express our opinions.4.It was not polite _ you to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.forofofShow timefor常见的名词有：常见的名词有：pity,shame,plea
9、sure,ones duty,ones job,fun,joy,good manners,bad manners等等Summary 常用句型常用句型2 2：It is+n.+(for sb.)to do sth.1.It is an honour to give a speech in behalf of my school.2.It is a pity to miss the chance to see your show.3.It is our duty to do that.1.It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterda
10、y evening.2.It will take us a lot of money to buy that house.Summary 常用句型常用句型3 3：It takes/took/will take sb.some time/money to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间做某事花费某人多长时间(钱钱)疑问词+不定式（to+do）（1）可用于该结构的疑问词疑问代词：who，whom，what，which 疑问副词：when，where，how（2）常接该结构的动词：know，see，decide，tell，ask，consider，explain，learn，wonder（3）
11、该结构的句法功能：主语、宾语和表语How to construct the theoretical framework is very important.The question is when to start developing such a vaccine.补充：不定式短语作独立成分 通常位于句首，有时位于句中或句末，要用逗号同其他句子成分隔开 To tell the truth，I dont like the gifted actress in the movie.常用短语 to sum up 总而言之 to be brief 简言之 to tell the truth 说实话 t
12、o be exact 确切地说 to conclude 总而言之，最后 to be frank 坦白地说 to begin/start with 首先 to be honest 说老实话（1）（总而言之），most of the committee members supported the idea but a few were against it.（2）（简言之），he was happy with the result.（3）She wrote，（确切地说），ten novels in her lifetime.（4）（首先），hes too young for that kind o
13、f job.（5）（说老实话），I dont really want to go to the party tonight.To sum up/To conclude To be brief to be exact To begin/start with To be honest It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking.important/avoid/passive cigarette smokinguseful/turn to/fitness consultant/for advice It will take an hour f
14、or a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you.will take/nutrition specialist/a balanced diet menu/make/an hour/for you.It is useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice.illegal/dangerous/take/drugsIt is dangerous to take illegal drugs.harmful/skip breakfast/often It is harmful
15、 to skip breakfast（too）often.to doto do 作主语位于句首，在谓语之前to do 作主语位于谓语之后，It作形式主语疑问词+to do 构成不定式短语，作主语和-ing 作主语的区别To read without reflecting like eating without digesting.It takes sb.time/money to do sth.It is+adj.+（for/of sb.）to do sth.It is+n.+(for sb.)to do sth.to do 表示具体的，将来的动作-ing 表示一般的，已经完成的动作与疑问词w
16、ho,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,how等连用Summary语法填空语法填空 Mike drove to a remote border town alone.He didnt stop the car 1._(take)a break although he was feeling tired.As a result,a traffic accident occurred,which caused him 2._ _(trap)inside the car.Fortunately a girl who happened to pass by volunt
17、eered 3._(save)him,only 4._(find)Mike was completely locked in the car.After calling an ambulance,she managed 5._(give)him first aid,using the method she had learned at school.Soon,Mike was rushed to hospital in an ambulance.It took him three months 6._ _(recover)from his injuries.The girl named Mar
18、y felt pleased 7._ _(do)such a great thing,though she realized the car may have exploded.When interviewed,she said,“Ive also met with a traffic accident.A kind passer-by saved my life but he was killed.I was the only one 8._ _(survive)the crash.The man was said 9._ _(work)on the road helping people in need for ten years.I was too moved even to speak when hearing the story.Therefore,I determined 10._(stay)here and give people in need a helping hand.”to stay to take to be trapped to save to findto give to recoverto have done to have survived to have worked Thank you!
