1、Unit 1Unit 1 Art What is Western art?It is hard to give a precise definition.As there have been so many different styles of Western art,it is impossible to describe them all in a short text.Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the cent
2、uries.Para.11.it 作形式主语，真正主语是作形式主语，真正主语是to give 和和to describe2.to understand 作作the way 的后置定语的后置定语 to look at 作表语作表语3.over the centuries 在过去的几个世纪中在过去的几个世纪中The Middle Ages(from the 5th to the 15th century)(Para.2)During the Middle Ages,the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.T
3、hus,artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes.Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional,and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance.This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone(1267-1337).1.to teach 作表语作
4、表语 to show 作作make 的状语的状语 to change 作作begin的宾语的宾语The Middle Ages(from the 5th to the 15th century)(Para.2)While his paintings still had religious themes,they showed real people in a real environment.In particular,his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep
5、 emotional impact.1.while 连词连词,“虽然；尽管虽然；尽管”,常放句首常放句首引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil,the techniqueWhile many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily lifeWe must strike while the iron is hot.(时间时间状语从句状语从句，“当当时时候候”)I like tea while she likes coffee.（表表对比对比，“而；但
6、而；但”,常放句中常放句中）2.set sth.apart from 使与众不同使与众不同3.in particular=particular/especially 尤其尤其1.is a bit difficult for foreigners to learn Chinese.2.The only way (improve)is through hard work.3.I like playing football my brother likes playing basketball.4.I dont like the way in you speak to her.5.The whole
7、 meal was good but the wine particular was excellent.语法填空。语法填空。It 考点追击考点追击to improve while whichinThe Renaissance(from the 14th to the 17th century)(Para.3)New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages.As a result,painters concentrated less on religious themes.They began to a
8、dopt a more humanistic attitude to life.An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio(1401-1428).Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519),Michelangelo(1475-1564),and Raphael(1483-1520)built upon Giotto and Masaccios innovations to produce some o
9、f the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.1.value 复数时常表示复数时常表示“价值观价值观”2.replace A with B 用用B代替代替A (被动被动)A is replaced by B A被被B取代取代3.concentrate on=focus on4.adopt a more humanistic attitude to life 对对生活采取更加人性化的生活采取更加人性化的态度态度(Para.4)Another innovation was the use of oil paints.With their deep col
10、ours and realism,some of the best oil paintings look like photographs.While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil,this technique reached its height with Rembrandt(1606-1669),who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.1.look like 看起来像看起来像 like作介词作介词2.gain a reputation as 作为作为享有名望享有名
11、望3.a master of shadow and light 光影大师光影大师(Para.5)In subject matter,the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us.Kings,nobles,and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved.Others wanted paintings showin
12、g important historical events or stories from mythology.Finally,most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.1.in subject matter 在题材方面在题材方面2.increasingly adv.越来越多地；愈发地越来越多地；愈发地3.shift fromto 从从转为转为4.people of high rank 地位高的人地位高的人5.sth.+be+描绘性形容词描绘性形容词+to do(Para.5)In
13、subject matter,the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us.Kings,nobles,and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved.Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mytho
14、logy.Finally,most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.sth.+be+描绘性形容词描绘性形容词+to do The cake is easy to make.The apples are difficult to reach.如果是不及物动词，要保留相应地介词如果是不及物动词，要保留相应地介词。The problem is hard to deal with.The house is comfortable to live in.(Para.6)Impressionis
15、m(late 19th to early 20th century)The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century.After that,paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like.Hence,painters had to find a new way of looking at their art.From this,Impre
16、ssionism emerged in France.The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet(1840-1926)called Impression,Sunrise.In this work,Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scenethe subjective impression the scene gave himbut not a detailed record of the scene itself.1.hen
17、ce=therefore/thus2.a way of doing 的方式的方式3.emerge=appear/come out4.call+sb./sth.+sth.称某人称某人/某物为某物为(Para.6)Impressionism(late 19th to early 20th century)In this work,Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scenethe subjective impression the scene gave himbut not a detailed record of the
18、 scene itself.翻译：在这幅作品里，翻译：在这幅作品里，莫奈的目的是传递场景中的光与运莫奈的目的是传递场景中的光与运动动即场景给予他的主观印象，即场景给予他的主观印象，而非对场景本身的一种具而非对场景本身的一种具体记录。体记录。(Para.7)While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life,others,such as Renoir(1841-1919),focused on people.Unlike the cold,black-and-white photographs of that time
19、 period,Renoirs paintings are full of light,shadow,colour,and life.He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects,but their inner warmth and humanity as well.1.seek(sought-sought)vi.seek to do 力图；争取力图；争取 seek(for)sth.寻找寻找 Does not seek to do the best,just to do better!不不求做的最好，只求做的更好求做的最好
20、，只求做的更好！(Para.7)While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life,others,such as Renoir(1841-1919),focused on people.Unlike the cold,black-and-white photographs of that time period,Renoirs paintings are full of light,shadow,colour,and life.He sought to show not just the outer image of
21、 his subjects,but their inner warmth and humanity as well.1.not just.but(as well)句型句型：不仅不仅(不但不但)而且而且 同义同义表达：表达：not just.but(also)/not onlybut(also)He can not just drive but repair a car.This book is not only interesting but also useful.(Para.8)Modern Art(from the 20th century to today)After Impressi
22、onism,subsequent artists began to ask,“What do we do next?”Painters such as Picasso(1881-1973)tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way,with Cubism.Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality.Still others turned to abstract art.What they attem
23、pted to do was no longer(to)show reality,but instead to ask the question,What is art?1.attempt to do 尝试去做尝试去做2.当主语部分含有动词当主语部分含有动词do 时，时，作表语的不定式可以省略作表语的不定式可以省略to.What I want to do is(to)have a good rest.All you have to do is(to)finish the job quickly.(Para.8)Modern Art(from the 20th century to today)
24、After Impressionism,subsequent artists began to ask,“What do we do next?”Painters such as Picasso(1881-1973)tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way,with Cubism.Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality.Still others turned to abstract art.What they attempted to do was no longer(to)show reality,but instead to ask the question,What is art?两两个个不定式表并列关系时可不定式表并列关系时可省省to；表对比或对照之义，不可省去：表对比或对照之义，不可省去：I love to sing and dance tonight.I am really puzzled about what to think and say.I came not to scold but to praise you.Bye-bye!
