1、1/GE/August 19,2023超声波的概念与书语及超声波流量计测量的原理PT878液体超声波流量计的组成PT878液体超声波流量计安装考虑因素PT878液体超声波流量计的故障判断PT878液体超声波流量计的操作2/GE/August 19,2023超声波的概念与书语频率:次声波 0 to 20 Hz声波 20 Hz to 20 kHz(Human hearing)超声波 20 kHz超声波的概念超声波的概念3/GE/August 19,2023传感器工作原理 传感器电能 机械能机械能 电能压电晶体的变化每个传感器能发射和接受VVVVVV发射接收4/GE/August 19,2023超声
2、波流量计原理：时差法超声波流量计原理：时差法 传感器既发送信号又接收 信号V tup=超声波被流体减速 tdn=超声波被流体加速tuptdnttupdn tttupdn=-DtPc-Vsinup=qtPc+Vsindn=qVqLP 声信号传播时间逆流传播,tup顺流传播,tdn5/GE/August 19,2023VqLP声速 c=Ptavg,ttt2avg=dnup+Q=Velocity AreaQ=V A体积流量tt tttupdnupdn=-DtPc-VsintPc+Vsinupdn=qq流速 V C2L2 t超声波流量计原理：时差法超声波流量计原理：时差法6/GE/August 19,
3、2023夹装式传感器 折射原理 Snells Lawcsincsincsin112233qqq=c1=传感器内传播速度c2=管壁的传播速度c3=流体内的传播速度S=传感器的间距c1q q1c2q q2q q3c3LSW.T.Classic“clamp-on”approach7/GE/August 19,2023PT878液体超声波流量计的组成1主机传感器信号线充电器红外线转RS232测厚探头偶合剂仪器包8/GE/August 19,2023PT878液体超声波流量计的组成21.OKS传感器夹具2.CRS和CPT传感器夹具3.CF-LP传感器夹具9/GE/August 19,2023所配传感器的
4、特性及用途传感器代码型号C-RS402C-RS401C-PT116CF-LP 23OKSSpecial(91)形状频率1.0 MHz0.5 MHz1.0 MHz4.0 MHz2.0 MHz发射角度42423559.5传播时间17.320.327.55.85传播速度248424842674.63328使用温度-40 to 150 C-40 to 150 C-20 to 210C-40 to 230C-200 to 360 C10/GE/August 19,2023传感器选用原则1.温度要求.2.信号要求.导声较差的介质和大的管道选择低频探头.3.精度要求.频率越高精度越高.2寸以下一般用CF-L
5、P探头.11/GE/August 19,2023管道要求1.直管段要求:前10后5.即在传感器安装位置前10倍直径长度和后5倍的直径长度无弯头,阀门等引起流体扰动的装置.2.准确测量管经外径周长或直径.3.确定管道材质和壁厚及接触温度.4.确定是否有内衬及种类和厚度.12/GE/August 19,2023介质要求1.已列出的介质直接选择2.未列出的介质需输入声速或选择跟踪窗口测试3.确定声速的目的是在窗口中央将信号检出.END OF TRANSMITGOOD SNRWINDOW13/GE/August 19,2023安装方式1.根据管道大小和信号强度选择安装方式A.单声程:大管道和复杂应用B
6、:双声程:首选方式,安装简单.C:多声程:小管道,信号特强.安装位置:水平管道 3点和9点位置 垂直管道必须是介质向上流14/GE/August 19,2023校准1.标定后输入校验系数2.雷诺数修正.Re=雷诺数#V=流体流速ID=内径=运动粘度(ft2/sec or m2/sec)k=11.1190.011 l og ReRe-Re=VID absolute viscosityfluid density=15/GE/August 19,2023进行信号诊断介质充满管道后需检测的参数和信号流向是否正常信号强度SSup;SSdn 声速SNSP波型等根据诊断参数调整有关输入参数得到准确结果16/
7、GE/August 19,2023进行信号诊断信号强度SSup;SSdn 50-55偏低可能不稳定 55-60 低一点,可以接受 60-65 好 65-75 非常好 75-99 信号饱和,分辨率可能降低 0.电缆线开路 100.控制器故障声速SNSP应在合理范围内.如水1500m/s左右 17/GE/August 19,2023进行信号诊断错误代码E0:无错误E1:信号太低E2:声速错误E3:流速超出范围E4:信号质量太差E5:流速变化太大 18/GE/August 19,2023Features Large,Backlit LCD Simplified Keypad Graphical Us
8、er Interface(GUI)Faster Update Rate Improved Peak Detection Larger,more powerful Data Logger XML-format Site Files Flash memory Simple UpgradesPT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterIrDA -compatible wireless data transferUp to 11 hours run time per charge19/GE/August 19,2023LCD Display240 x 200 resolutionRoom fo
9、r 1 to 4 measurementsLarge signal waveform displaysWhite EL BacklightPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter20/GE/August 19,2023LCD Display240 x 200 resolutionRoom for 1 to 4 measurementsLarge signal waveform displaysWhite EL BacklightPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter21/GE/August 19,2023KeypadRubberized keysClick actio
10、nSimple universal layoutSoft Function KeysPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter22/GE/August 19,2023Graphical UserInterface(GUI)Keeps related information togetherAll choices visible at the same timePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter23/GE/August 19,2023GUI ControlsMenus Related items grouped together Use to move through
11、 choices Use to change menus Press Enter to selectPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter24/GE/August 19,2023GUI ControlsTabs Quick access to related forms Use to select form Press Enter to open the formPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter25/GE/August 19,2023GUI ControlsButtons Selects between mutually exclusive choices U
12、se to select button Press Enter to activatePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter26/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsLists Choose from all applicable settings Use to move one item Use to scroll the list27/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI Controls Numeric Entry Press Enter to
13、begin entering digits Press to erase a digit Press Esc to cancel and restore original value Press Enter to accept the new valueValues can be entered or displayed in either Metric or English units without having to change meter defaults28/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsCheck B
14、oxes Used to turn an option:On Off Press Enter to toggle29/GE/August 19,2023GUI ControlsFunction Keys Change according to form or menu active Press F1,F2,or F3 to selectPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter30/GE/August 19,2023GUI Controls Locale-SpecificChange date,time,and decimal formats for local custom:MM/
15、DD/YYYYDD-MM-YYYYYYYY-MM-DD11:59 PM23:59123.45123,45PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter31/GE/August 19,2023Data Logger 1 Megabyte storage 100,000 records From 1 to 12 items per log Multiple logs can run simultaneously Log interval from 1 second to 99 minutes Programmable Start and End Date/Time Cyclic Logs E
16、rror logsPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter32/GE/August 19,2023Flash MemoryInstall new program in minutes over IRNo EPROMs to changePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter33/GE/August 19,2023IrDA -Compatible WirelessCommunicationsInfrared data transferUp to 115KbpsUp to 1 meter rangeDrag&Drop file transfersAutomatic No
17、settings No cable adapters requiredPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter34/GE/August 19,2023BatteryNiMH rechargeable 9 to11 hour run time(longer than NiCd)6 hour recharge None of the memory problems associated with NiCd Fewer charge cycles than NiCd NiCd performs better in cold NiCd or disposable AA alkaline c
18、ells can be used instead of NiMHPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter35/GE/August 19,2023BatteryContinuous battery level gauge Simple icon indicates chargeUniversal charger 100-250VACPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter36/GE/August 19,2023BatteryRun time up to 11 hours,depending on features selected.Run time is reduced
19、by:Prolonged use of the backlight Loop-powered 4-20mA transmitters High resistance loads on 4-20mA outputRun time is increased by:Using Sleep modePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter37/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterEnvironmentalMeets IP67 rating Withstands submersion in waterDurable polymer boot
20、Prevents damage if dropped Integrated wire stand38/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterMeter Setup Select Units Select Transducer Select Pipe Select Lining Select Fluid Adjust Path Correction FactorsA.Save to a Site39/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect UnitsThe PT878 can defaul
21、t to either Metric or English units.From the Meter menu,select Units.Press OK to use the new settings.40/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect Transducer Select Wetted or Clamp-on Choose Transducer from List List only shows applicable transducers All parameters filled in automatically Ch
22、oose SPECIAL to enter customer parameters Allows each parameter to be specified41/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect Pipe Select Pipe Material from List Pipe Sound Speed automatically filled in Select OTHER for unlisted material Enter Sound Speed Enter Dimensions Outer Diameter(OD)or
23、Circumference(ODxPI)Wall thickness42/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect Pipe If pipe material has a schedule,ID can be used to automatically enter dimensions.Uses ANSI(English)or DIN(metric)schedule.Schedule Materials:Stainless SteelCarbon SteelCast IronPVCCPVC43/GE/August 19,2023PT87
24、8 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect LiningChoose lining material from list,or Other to specifyLining option is not available when using Wetted transducers44/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect Fluid Enable/Disable Tracking WindowsUse for fluids with unknown or highly variable sound speedSpeci
25、fy minimum and maximum soundspeed Choose fluid from list or Other for unlisted fluidIf fluid not listed,specify the nominal soundspeed only45/GE/August 19,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect FluidFor Energy applications with water as fluid,specify the%Glycol concentration46/GE/August 19,2023Adjust
26、Path For clamp-on,Path length P and Axial length L are automatically calculated.Select the number of traverses.Spacing is automatically recalculated.Spacing can be changed by entering a new value.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter47/GE/August 19,2023Finish UpYour changes will not take effect until you:Press
27、 OK to keep all changesPress CANCEL to discard all changesPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter48/GE/August 19,2023Correction FactorsReynolds Correction Use a single value for Kinetic Viscosity(K/V).Table option is not availablePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter49/GE/August 19,2023Correction FactorsK-Factor Correction
28、 Use a single value for K-Factor multiplier Use a Table to relate K-Factor to another measure.Only Velocity can be used to interpolate the K-Factor.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter50/GE/August 19,2023Save to a Site FileTo keep the new settings,you must save them to a Site File:Choose Save Now to replace t
29、he settings in the current site.Choose Manager to create a new site.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter51/GE/August 19,2023Site ManagerUse the Site Manager to:Save settings to a new site.Use and existing site.Delete sites.Rename sites.Print or Transfer sites.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter52/GE/August 19,2023Site
30、 ManagerOpen the Site Manager menu by pressing Menu,Enter.Choose Save As to name the site and store it.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter53/GE/August 19,2023Site ManagerEnter a file name of up to 8 characters:Use arrows to move around the grid.Press Enter to select the character.Use Delete to erase a charac
31、ter.Press OK when done.Hint:A descriptive Site Message can be entered from the Site MenuPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter54/GE/August 19,2023Site Files Up to 32 sites stored in PT878 Can be transferred to/from PC for unlimited capacity Software versions need to match to ensure compatibility XML*Format File
32、s print as shown here Some outputs are coded Set-ups are best viewed through a meter Site Files should not be edited with a PC or laptop*eXtensible Markup Language PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter55/GE/August 19,2023DiagnosticsDisplay all Diagnostics Simultaneously Select“Diagnostics”in the Service Menu P
33、ress EnterPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter56/GE/August 19,2023DiagnosticsAll Diagnostics viewed simultaneously Easy and efficient analysisPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter57/GE/August 19,2023Note The above presentation reflects PT878 Instrument Program INST.001.J and ECO 4958New functionality and capabilitiesMinor changes in menusAll meters with serial#1294 and above will include these modificationsMeters with serial#1293 and lower can be upgraded(consult the factory)PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter谢谢
