1、Final Revision主语主语S.谓语动词谓语动词V.宾语宾语O.1宾语宾语O.2宾补宾补O.C.表语表语P.状语状语Adv.15Basic sentence structures系动词系动词link v.We checked in at the hotel.(1)The wedding will take place at St.Andrews on June 27th.(1)She looked worried.(5)People keep quiet in the reading room.(5)Our country is getting stronger.(5)(place+t
2、ime)I am going to show you how to make a model plane.Will you tell me where to get the ticket?I am going to show you how to make a model plane.(3)Will you tell me where to get the ticket?(3)He found a bird in the tree.He found a bird in the tree.(2)主语主语S.谓语动词谓语动词V.宾语宾语O.1宾语宾语O.2宾补宾补O.C.表语表语P.状语状语Adv
3、.234Basic sentence structuresThe news made her happy.He had his hair cut once a month.She kept us waiting for over three hours.The news made her happy.(4)He had his hair cut once a month.(4)She kept us waiting for over three hours.(4)被动语态的构成方式：be+过去分词过去分词，被时态由be的不同时态的不同时态形式表示，口语口语中也有用get/become+过去分词
4、过去分词表示。被动语态表示主语主语是动作的承受者，承受者，强调动作的本身，且没必要知道或不知道动作的执行者时常用Active:We took good care of the children.Passive:The children were taken good care of.老太太下周将会接受手术。(operate on)The old lady will be operated on next week.拓展：拓展：look after,talk about,pay attention to etc.这本书很畅销.This book sells well.这首诗读起来很流畅。This
5、 poem reads smoothly.拓展：拓展：clean,cook,burn,play,wash,write 等不及物动词和副词等不及物动词和副词well,easily,smoothly 等连等连用时，用时，act,keep,look,move,open,shut,start 等动等动词与词与cant,wont,doesnt连连用时，用主动形式表示被用时，用主动形式表示被动意义动意义 The car wont start.这车发动不起来。The dish tastes delicious.这道菜尝起来很可口。The dish is tasted delicious.这道菜值得吃第二次。
6、worthThe dish is worth eating for a second time.这车需要修理。(need)The car needs repairing.动名词 (The Gerund)动名词由动词加动词加-ing构成，兼有兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。I.动名词的形式（以take 为例）主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式完成式完成式Negative forms:not+gerundtakingbeing takenhaving takenhaving been takennot taking承认建议欣赏允许避免考虑介意冒险admitSuggest/adviseenjo
7、yallowavoidconsidermindrisk想象练习抵制宽恕想要做忍不住放弃推迟imaginepractiseresistforgivefeel likeCant helpGive upPut off/postpone3.作作宾语宾语：有些有些动词以及含介词的动词短语只能动词以及含介词的动词短语只能跟动名词作宾语跟动名词作宾语。devote to,look forward to,stick to,be/get used to,object to,be worth,pay attention to,stick to,be proud of,be fond of,preventfrom,
8、succeed in,be responsible for,give up,put off,cant stand,cant help,feel like,insist on,have fun/a good time/trouble/difficulty,etc.admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,involve,keep,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,suggest,understand,etc.need,wan
9、t,require,deserve,be worth 等词等词后的后的 ing分词，作宾语常表示被动意义：分词，作宾语常表示被动意义：（主动形式表被动意义）（主动形式表被动意义）E.g.The room needs cleaning.Allow,advise,encourage,forbid,permit,recommendWe dont allow smoking here.students to smoke here.I recommend taking a holiday.you to take a holiday.Be used to 习惯于习惯于Be familiar to 熟悉熟悉
10、Keep to 坚持坚持Lead to 导致导致Look forward to 期盼期盼 Stick to 坚持，紧扣坚持，紧扣In addition to 除除外外Devote oneself to 献身于献身于Pay attention to 注意注意 名词名词所有格或物主代词后所有格或物主代词后加动名词，即构成动名加动名词，即构成动名词复合结构，在句中多作词复合结构，在句中多作主语或宾语主语或宾语。E.g.My sisters being ill made us worried.(主语主语)Can you hear the sound of the piano being played
11、in the next room?(宾语宾语)Would you mind my using your pen?(宾语宾语)一.一.结构结构:to do (否定否定)not to do 二二.时态与语态时态与语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing-1.1.作主语作主语B.B.不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用itit作形式主作形式主语，构成语，构成“
12、It+be +形容词形容词+for sb to do sth/for sth to be done”It is impossible for him to give up smoking.It is a good idea for the books to be given to her.二、动词不定式的用法二、动词不定式的用法1.1.作主作主语语二、动词不定式的用法二、动词不定式的用法“It+be +表语表语+of+名词名词/代词代词+to do sth”It is very kind of you to offer me this adorable cat.It was careless
13、of you to leave your umbrella in the school canteen.“It+be +表语表语+to do sth”It is right to quit smoking.1.1.作主作主语语二、动词不定式的用法二、动词不定式的用法“It+动词动词+宾语等宾语等+to do sth”It took him four years to complete the paintings on the ceiling.It does you a lot of harm to eat raw meat.2.2.作宾语作宾语A A动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如动词后
14、直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如want,decide,intend,fail,wish,export,pretend,choose等等。等等。I mean to go there at once.B.B.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用式短语放在宾补之后，而用itit作形式宾语。句型为作形式宾语。句型为“主语主语+find(feel,think,believe,consider,etc)+find(feel,think,believe,consider,etc)+itit+形容形容词词/名词名词+
15、to do sth”+to do sth”。I think it necessary to report everything to the teacher.(1).She could do nothing but cry.(2).I have no choice but to go.(3).What do you like to do besides sleep.不定式用在介词不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词如果这些介词前有行为动词do的的各种形式各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带相反则带to.1.I ha
16、ve something to say.2.He is the first one to leave.3.He is looking for a room to live in.4.There is nothing to worry about.5.定语定语如果如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有则不定式中要有介词介词.不定式作定语不定式作定语应应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语后置定语之后之后,一般一般表示即将发生的动作表示即将发生的动作 不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点地点、工具工具等，等，即使是及物动词即使是及物动词，不定式后面仍须有相应的，不定式后面仍须有相应的介词介词。5.5.请请给给我我一一把切东西的刀把切东西的刀.Please give me a knife to cut with.Please give me a knife to cut.Please give me a pen to write with.我不知道该把这封信给谁。我不知道该把这封信给谁。I dont know _(who/whom)to_.whomgive this letter to Thank you!
