1、 Unit 5 On the road 三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语 动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”（gerund）和“现在分词”（present participle）两个部分。动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语一、表示属性、作用或用途一、表示属性、作用或用途观察例句 Theres always plenty to read in the reading room.阅览室里总是有很多书可读。Th
2、ey set up an operating table in a small temple.他们在一座小庙里架起了手术台。归纳用法 动名词作定语时，表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途，作“供用”讲，相当于“名词+介词for短语，需置于被修饰词之前。例如：the reading roomthe room for reading；an operating tablea table for operation。三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语一、表示属性、作用或用途一、表示属性、作用或用途即学即练1补全句子He took off his clothes and dived
3、into the (游泳池)A (睡袋)is useful when you camp overnight in a field.swimming poolsleeping bag三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语二、表示动作或状态二、表示动作或状态观察例句 The youth of our country are often compared to the rising sun.The boy sitting beside Mr.Wang is our monitor.The houses being built are for the teachers.归纳用法(
4、1)现在分词作定语时，表示被修饰词发出的动作或存在的状态，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。与被修饰词之间为主动关系时用doing；如：the rising sun 与被修饰词之间为被动关系时用being done。如：the houses being built三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语二、表示动作或状态二、表示动作或状态归纳用法(2)表示动作或状态时，动词-ing形式在功能上相当于一个定语从句。如：the rising sunthe sun that/which is rising；the houses being builtthe
5、houses that/which are being built。developing countries=countries that are developing发展中国家 a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题 三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语二、表示动作或状态二、表示动作或状态归纳用法(3)单个的动词单个的动词ing作定语时，常放在被修饰词之前前；如果被修饰词是something、everything、nothing等代词时，则单个动词-ing形式要放在其后。如：He is read
6、ing something interesting.动词动词ing短语短语作定语时，则放在被修饰词之后后。如：The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.装着醋的那个瓶子应送到实验室去。They lived in a house facing south.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。The book being discussed a lot will be published next month.人们谈论很多的那本书下一个月将出版。三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语二、表示动作或状态二
7、、表示动作或状态即学即练2完成句子I like to watch (正在飘落的叶子)in the sky in autumn.Did you see (在桥下睡觉的人)?(正在维修的大楼)is our reading-room.the man sleeping under the bridgethe falling leavesThe building being repaired三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语三、形容词化的动词三、形容词化的动词ing形式形式观察例句 That must have been a terrifying experience.A go
8、od teacher knows how to turn a boring lesson into an interesting one.The disappointing boy is always making trouble in class.归纳用法 有些动词-ing形式已经转化为形容词，作定语时修饰物，有时也可修饰人，表示“令人的”,动词-ing形式形容词，表示所修饰的人或物的特征、特点、性质。动词-ed形式的形容词，表示所修饰词的感情、情绪。如：It is a relaxing movie.The students are relaxed.三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形
9、式作定语形式作定语三、形容词化的动词三、形容词化的动词ing形式形式即学即练3补全句子 (感人的故事)told by the poor girl made people present decide to try to help her.If they had respect for life,they wouldnt have done (这样令人害怕的事情)John seems like (一个有趣的人)，but I dont know him very well yet.such terrifying thingsThe moving storyan interesting person
10、三三.重点语法：动词重点语法：动词ing形式作定语形式作定语三、三、现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的区别现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的区别1.现在分词表示主动、进行或习惯性的动作；如:The boy playing in the yard in my younger brother.2.过去分词表示被动或完成意义；如：I like to read novels written by him.3.不定式表示未发生或通常发生的动作，一般放在被修饰词的后面。如：We dont have enough paper to write on.冲关训练 .单句语法填空1We were very ple
11、ased to hear this (encourage)news.2This passage can be used as (listen)materials.3The bike (repair)now belongs to Mr.Smith.4There are about 200 students (study)in the art school.5The flowers (smell)sweet in the garden attracted many visitors.encouraginglisteningbeing repairedstudyingsmelling 冲关训练 .单
12、句语法填空6The topic (discuss)at present is about environmental problems.7Last night，there were millions of people (watch)the opening ceremony.8The professor (give)a speech on stage now is from Beijing University.9Do you know the girl (dance)with your brother?10When they saw the (move)film，tears came out
13、 their eyes.being discussedwatchinggivingdancingmoving.用括号内单词的适当形式完成短文 There was an 1.(amaze)story about a young girl 2.(have)no one to love her.One day，3.(feel)very sad and lonely，she was walking through a garden 4.(attract)many butterflies to come.Then she saw a small butterfly 5.(catch)in a thorn
14、y bush.She carefully released the butterfly.Instead of 6.(fly)away，the little butterfly changed into a beautiful fairy.“I will give you any wish you would like 7.(get)in return for your kindness.”The little girl thought for a moment and then replied，“I want to be happy.”amazinghavingfeelingattractin
15、gbeing caughtflyingto get.用括号内单词的适当形式完成短文 With the little girl 8.(grow)up，there was no one happier than she was.Everyone wanted to know the secret of 9.(make)her happy.She would only smile and answer，“The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a good fairy 10.(bring)me happiness.”growingmaking
16、bringing四四.话题写作：写明信片话题写作：写明信片 本单元写作任务要求写明信片。一般来说，明信片或告知自己的情况，或寄送节日祝福，或传达思念之情，或询问对方近况等。明信片符合书信的基本要求，但要简明扼要，目的明确，语言尽量口语化，使人感到亲切自然。基本框架1开头：2主体：3结尾：说明写信目的；详细介绍相关信息；表达希望和祝愿。四四.话题写作：话题写作：写明信片写明信片常用词块1get close to nature 接近大自然2broaden our horizon 开阔我们的视野3many places of interest 许多名胜4keep healthy both physi
17、cally and mentally 保持身心健康5enjoy a colorful and fruitful life 享受着丰富多彩的生活6greet every day with a smile 微笑迎接每一天四四.话题写作：话题写作：写明信片写明信片常用语句精彩开头How are you getting along with your study?你的学习怎么样？It is Teachers Day/Mothers day today.今天是教师节/母亲节。We did have a wonderful time today.今天我们确实玩得很愉快。四四.话题写作：话题写作：写明信片写
18、明信片正文佳句That was my first visit to the West Lake.这是我第一次去参观西湖。On the way to the Palace Museum，we saw the beautiful scenery.在去故宫的路上，我们看到了美丽的风景。We were all attracted by the beauty of nature.我们都被这种自然美景吸引。四四.话题写作：写明信片话题写作：写明信片余味结尾All my best wishes to you.给你我最好的祝愿。Please give my regards to your family.请代我
19、向你的家人问好。Im looking forward to receiving your reply.期盼你的回信。四四.话题写作：写明信片话题写作：写明信片学以致用学以致用 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Anna近期将来你所在的城市旅游。请给她写明信片，告诉她你愿意为她安排住宿及旅游行程。同时，委托她帮你买一个钱包，你打算将其作为生日礼物送给妈妈。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。四四.话题写作：写明信片话题写作：写明信片【参考范文】Hi Anna，Hearing that you will come to my city for sightseeing，I will te
20、ll you my willingness to make arrangements for your tour.As for accommodation，you have the option of staying either at my home or in a hotel，which I can reserve for you in advance if necessary.Besides，Id like to help you work out a travel schedule.By the way，I was wondering whether you could do me a favor and buy me a purse.With my mothers birthday approaching，I wish to present it to her as a birthday gift.Looking forward to meeting you soon，I hope you will have fun here.Yours，Li Hua
