1、专题七定语从句高考总复习英语类别典题试做命题解读定语从句1Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(2020年全国卷)1考查定语从句的关系词 which，that，who，whose和where考查居多；高考总复习英语类别典题试做命题解读定语从
2、句2In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike.(2020年全国卷)3The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，formed the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759(2020年山东卷)2有时考查非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法。高考总复习英语一、关系代词与关系副词的选择如果定语从句中缺乏主语、宾语或表语则使用关系代词who,who
3、m,whose,which或that引导定语从句；如果定语从句中缺乏状语则使用关系副词why,when或where引导定语从句。高考总复习英语【对点微测】用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子1We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,_ the weather may be better.2I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.3Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_ you can hear some love
4、ly music.【答案】1when2whose3where高考总复习英语4Among the dangers_ sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog.5Students should involve themselves in community activities_ they can gain experience for growth.6The reason _ the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.【答案】4whi
5、ch/that5where6why高考总复习英语二、that 与which 的区别分类规则只用that，不用which的情况1先行词是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词；2先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰；3先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；4先行词被the only,the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；5先行词中既有人也有物；6在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。高考总复习英语分类规则只用which，不用
6、that的情况1在非限制性定语从句中指物时或代指前面整句话的内容时；2在“介词关系代词”结构中且先行词指物时。高考总复习英语【对点微测】用that或which完成下列句子1Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears,none of _ has been proved.2China Today attracts a worldwide readership，_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn abou
7、t China.【答案】1which2which高考总复习英语3I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,_ my classmates recommended to me.4Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.5I will tell you everything _I have known about the accident.6He came up top in the exam,
8、_ made his family very happy.【答案】3which4that5that6which高考总复习英语三、who 与whom 的区别分类规则只用who不用whom的情况当先行词是one,ones,anyone,all,those 且指人时只用whom不用who的情况在“介词关系代词结构”中且先行词指人时高考总复习英语【对点微测】用关系代词who或whom完成下列句子1Happiness and success often come to those _are good at recognizing their own strengths.2John invited abo
9、ut 40 people to his wedding,most of _are family members.【答案】1who2whom高考总复习英语四、as与which的区别关系代词用法as1as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。2as常用在下列习惯用语中：as(it)often happens,as I remember,as is often the case,as is expected,as is known to us,as is shown等。高考总复习英语关系代词用法as3“such/soas”表示“像这样”的意思，
10、用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。whichwhich引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容则只能位于句末高考总复习英语【对点微测】用关系代词as或which完成下列句子1The number of smokers,_ is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.2Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,_ is quite unexpected.【答案】1as2which高考总复习英语3Mo Yan was awarded the N
11、obel Prize for Literature in 2012,_made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.4_is often the case with children,Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.【答案】3which4As高考总复习英语五、“介词关系代词”中介词的选择1根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们找寻的文件
12、已经找到了。(注意搭配search for)高考总复习英语2 根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。Physics is the subject in our school in which every student is interested.历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。(注意搭配be interested in)3根据句意来确定介词的使用。This is the book from which I got the story.这就是那本书，从中我读到这个故事。高考总复习英语4表示“整体和部分关系”时，介词常用of。(1)在some,any,few,little,none,a
13、ll,both,neither,many,most,each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom；(2)the比较级或最高级前、后用of which/whom等。高考总复习英语【对点微测】用适当的介词填空1Many young people,most _whom were welleducated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.2Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill _ which school education depends.【答案】1of2
14、on/upon高考总复习英语3There is a hole in the wall _which you can see what is happening outside.4The local villagers take an active part in developing tourism,_ which they can make a huge profit.5Great changes have taken place in our hometown _ which we are all proud.【答案】3through4from5of高考总复习英语六、way和time后接定
15、语从句的情况1在定语从句中，the way在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in which,that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。2先行词 time作“次数”讲时，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，that可省略；当先行词 time作“一段时间，时代”讲且作状语时，应用关系副词when或“at/duringwhich”引导定语从句。高考总复习英语高考总复习英语Its not the first time(that)youve found yourself in this situation.你陷入这种状况已经不是第一次了。The
16、re was a time when/during which each teacher spent an hour,one day a week,testing pupils in every subject.曾经，每个老师每周都有一天花上一小时对学生的每门功课进行测试。高考总复习英语【对点微测】根据所给的提示完成下面的句子1I dont like the way _(你和你母亲说话)2I think that the way _(你昨天使用的)was effective.3This was the second time _(我看这部电影)高考总复习英语【答案】1(that/in whic
17、h)you speak to your mother2that/which you used yesterday3that I had seen the film高考总复习英语定语从句与语法填空1解答此类考题，关键是找准先行词，分析句子结构，根据从句所缺的成分确定关系词的使用。如果缺少主、宾、表或定语，需用关系代词；如果缺少状语，则用关系副词或关系代词that。确定所缺成分之后，再看先行词是人还是物，是表示时间的名词还是表示地点的名词，是reason还是way等，从而最后确定答案。2若先行词指人，“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中关系代词用whom，若指物，则用which。3牢记that与which,as与which的区别。高考总复习英语
