1、牛津译林版七年级上册英语Unit 3语法知识点总结Comic Strip知识点01 which 教材P30【用法详解】which 为疑问代词,表示:哪一个,哪一些。一般用于提问一定范围内的事物。Which of the subjects do you like best?= which subject do you like best?【典例讲解】These books are all very interesting, I dont know _ one to choose.A. what B.which C.how D. when 【答案】B【解析】句意:这些书都很有趣,我不知道要选哪一本
2、。这里空白处之后有one,所以要用疑问代词+one,另前半句提到这些书,那我应该是在这些书里面选,有选择的范围,故答案选A。【拓展】which 与what 区别Which 表示:哪一个,常用于选择范围较明确的场合。Which colour do you like, blue or pink?What表示:什么,用于没有明确选择范围的场合。What colour do you like ?知识点02 best 教材P30【用法详解】best表示最好的,是good 和well 的最高级,like best = favourite I like English best. = My favourit
3、e subject is English. 【典例讲解】Sandy and Amy are my_(最好的)friends.【答案】best【解析】句意:珊迪和艾米是我最好的朋友。本题中friends为名词形式,结合给出的汉语意思可知本题填“好的”good的最高级形式。good为原级,better为比较级,best为最高级,故填best。知识点03 so 教材P30【用法详解】1.so作连词,表示:因此,所以。Im hungry, so I eat a cake before dinner.2.so 作副词,表示:如此,这么,通常置于所修饰的形容词、副词之前。Im so hungry befo
4、re dinner. He does his homework so carelessly that he makes many mistakes. 【典例讲解】The problems are _ difficult _ students can solve them.Aso; and fewBso; that littleCso; that fewDso; that a little【答案】C【解析】句意:这些问题太难了,以至于几乎没有学生能解决。考查sothat引导的结果状语从句以及few/little/a little的区别。few几乎没有,后跟可数名词的复数形式;little几乎没有
5、,后跟不可数名词;a little一点,后跟不可数名词;students,学生,可数名词的复数形式,应用few来修饰。故排除B、D项;sothat,如此以至于,引导结果状语从句,固定搭配,故排除A项。故选C。知识点04 询问日期的句型 教材P31【用法详解】1.询问日期的句型:Whats the date today?Its 9 October. 2. 日期的表达June 5th , 2021 = 5 June, 2021June the fifth, 2021 = the fifth of June, 2021 【典例讲解】What is the date today? _ .A.Its J
6、une 2nd B. Its the May 5th, 2008 C. Its April 3rd, Sunday D. Its Tuesday【答案】A【解析】句意:今天是几号?今天是6月2日。考查情景对话。Its June 2nd今天是6月2日;Its the May 5th, 2008今天是2008年5月5日;Its April 3rd, Sunday今天是4月3日,星期天;Its Tuesday今天是星期二。根据问句“What is the date today”可知,应回答几月几日,故选A。【拓展】1.询问星期几的句型:What day is it today?Its Sunday
7、today.2. 询问时间点的句型: What time is it now?Its half past four. 知识点05 parents meeting 教材P31【用法详解】名词- s 所有格:主要用于表达有生命的名词的所有关系。通常情况下,在名词的词尾加-s Roberts bicycle 罗伯特的自行车 my fathers job 我父亲的工作 Childrens Day 儿童节 可数名词复数以-s结尾的名词,后只加students books 学生用书 doctors office 医生办公室 以and 连接的两个(或两个以上)名词,如共有某物时,只在最后一个名词后加-s;
8、如表示分别拥有时,每个名词后都要加-s. Linda and Marys desk 琳达和玛丽的书桌 (两人共有) Lindas and Marys desks 琳达和玛丽的书桌 (两人各有)【典例讲解】Many of the _ (dance) shoes look cool.【答案】dancers【解析】句意:很多舞蹈演员的鞋看起来非常酷。dance跳舞,是动词,有many修饰,用复数名词dancers,修饰名词shoes,用名词所有格,故填dancers。知识点06 at the school gate at 1:30 教材P31【用法详解】1. at the school gate :
9、在校门口,此处at为地点介词,后接小地方,表示较大的地方,一般用介词in。He is at his office now. 他现在在他的办公室。He is not in Beijing now. 他现在不在北京。2.at 1:30:在一点半,此处at为时间介词,表示在某一时刻。My mother gets up at 6 :00 every morning. 【典例讲解】when does the meeting begin?_ about 3 oclock _ the afternoon.A. At; on B. In; at C. At; in D. In; on 【答案】C【解析】句意:
10、会议几点钟开始,大约在下午三点钟,具体到某一时刻要用介词at,在下午用介词in,故选C。Reading知识点01 so big 教材P32【用法详解】so作为副词,用来修饰形容词或副词。so + adj. /adv.He draws so carefully. 他画地如此认真。The boy is so excited. 那个男孩是如此激动。so形容词+a(an)名词I”ve never seen so interesting a film. 我从来没有看过这么有趣的电影。复数名词或不可数名词前有many,few,much,little修饰时,只能用so而不能用such,这是一种固定用法。 s
11、o many books 这么多的书 so few people 这么少的人so much money 那么多的钱 so little milk 那么少的牛奶【典例讲解】It is _ that nobody wants to do anything. A.so a hot day B. so hot a day C.such hot a day D.such hot day 【答案】B【解析】句意:天气如此热,没人想干活。如此热的一天,要用“so形容词+a(an)名词”结构,或者“such+a(an)形容词+名词”结构,so hot a day = such a hot day,故选B。【拓
12、展】such 用法such +a(an)+形容词名词I”ve never seen such a beautiful lake.= Ive never seen so beautiful a lake.我从未见过这么美丽的湖.知识点02 show you around 教材P32【用法详解】show sb around 带领某人参观某地【典例讲解】 Would you like _ us _ your school? Yes, Id like to.A.to show; visitB.showing; visitC.to show; aroundD.showing; around【答案】C【解
13、析】句意:你愿意带我们参观一下你的学校吗? 是的,我很乐意。考查非谓语动词及动词短语。would you like to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”,第一空用动词不定式作宾语;show sb. around表示“带某人参观”,固定搭配,第二空用around。故选C。【拓展】show的固定搭配show oneself露面 show up露面;露出;揭露 show in领入;领人show off炫耀;卖弄 in show外表上;有名无实地 talk show脱口秀;访谈节目for show为了外表,为了装门面,为引起注意;为炫耀fashion show时装秀;时装表演会 on show展览着
14、,在公开展出知识点03 in front of 教材P32【用法详解】in front of :在.的前面。指物体或是空间范围之外in the front of:在.的前面;在前部。指物体或是空间范围之内The little boy runs in front of his parents.小男孩在他的父母前面跑。(在父母身体范围之外)He sat in the front of the classroom.他坐在教室的前面。(在教室范围之内)区分技巧:有the在里面,就在范围里,无the在里面,就在范围外。【典例讲解】1. My uncle sits _ the bus. He is the
15、 driver.A.behindB.in the front ofC.in front ofD.before【答案】B【解析】句意:我叔叔坐在公共汽车的前部。他是司机。考查介词辨析。behind在后面;in the front of 在前面(包含在内部);in front of 在前面(在外部);before在之前。根据“He is the driver.”可知,司机应该坐在公交车内部的前面,故选B。2. The man standing _ Tina is too tall, so she cant see the picture on the wall.A.behind B.next C.
16、in front of D. in the front of【答案】C【解析】句意:站在Tina前面的那个男孩太高了,因此她看不到墙上的照片。考查介词辨析。behind在后面;next靠近;in front of在前面(在物体外部);in the front of在前部(在物体内部)。根据“so she cant see the picture on the wall”可知,站在Tina前面所以导致Tina看不见墙上的照片,此处指在物体外部的前面,故选C。知识点04 on the ground floor 教材P32【用法详解】on the ground floor (英式)= on the
17、first floor(美式) 在一楼【典例讲解】Tom and I live in the same building in the center of London. I live _, Tom lives two floors above me, so he lives on the third floor. A. on the first floor B.on the second floor C. on the fifth floor D. on the ground floor【答案】D【解析】句意:Tom和我住在伦敦市中心的同一座建筑物里。我住在一楼,Tom住在我上面两层,因此他
18、住在三楼。根据Tom 住在三楼,我楼上两层,可知我住在一楼,从伦敦可知是在英国,用英式表达在一楼用on the ground floor,故选D。 知识点05 bright 教材P32【用法详解】1. bright adj. 光线充足的;明亮的bright light/sunshine明亮的光线;明媚的阳光a bright room明亮的屋子Her eyes were bright with tears.她的双眼泪光闪闪。a bright morning(= with the sun shining)阳光灿烂的早晨2. bright adj. 鲜艳夺目的I like bright colour
19、s.我喜欢艳丽的色彩。a bright yellow dress鲜黄色的连衣裙Jacks face turnedbright red.杰克的脸变得通红。3.bright adj.快活而生气勃勃的His eyes were bright and excited.他目光发亮,兴奋不已。Why are you sobright and cheerfultoday?你今天怎么这么高兴?4.bright adj. 聪明的;悟性强的the brightest pupil in the class班里最聪明的学生Do you have anybright ideas?你有何高见?【典例讲解】The ligh
20、t is _ to help me find my keys in the dark room. I need a brighter one.A.bright enoughB.not enough brightC.not bright enough D. enough bright 【答案】C【解析】句意:光线不够亮,无法在黑暗的房间里帮我找到钥匙。我需要更亮一点的。考查副词。根据“ I need brighter one”可知此处指“光线不够亮”、需要更亮一点的,所以排除A;enough修饰形容词要后置;故选C。知识点06 This way 教材P32【用法详解】this way 请这边走,
21、可用来引路,或用来回答别人问路。【典例讲解】Excuse me, wheres the restroom?_please.A. This way B. By the way C. In this way D. On the way【答案】A【解析】句意:打扰了,卫生间在哪儿?请这边走。by the way 顺便说一下,in this way 通过这种方式,on the way 在路上,this way 请这边走,故选A。【拓展】way 与不同介词构成的固定搭配in the way 挡道的,妨碍人的 on the way 在路上;即将发生in a way 在某种程度上 in this way 用
22、这种方式by the way顺便提一下,另外 by way of通过方法;经由in every way在各方面,以各种方式 in no way 绝不,一点也不under way在进行中,前进着知识点07 looks modern 教材P32【用法详解】looks modern 看起来现代化的,look 既可以作为系动词又可以作为实义动词,作为系动词是感官动词,表示:看起来,用形容词修饰,作为实义动词,表示:看,可单独使用,也可以构成look at 固定搭配,用副词修饰。The girl looks pretty in the red dress.The girl looks happily a
23、t the present.【典例讲解】Toms father _ angry, and now he _angrily at him.A. looks; looks B. looks; is looking C.is looking; looks D. is looking, is looking 【答案】B【解析】句意:汤姆的爸爸看起来很生气,他现在正在生气地看着他。第一个空look作为系动词来用,表示看起来,不能用于进行时,第二个空look at 看,句子中有now,表示正在看,用现在进行时,故答案选B。【拓展】感官动词感官动词有:look(看起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝
24、起来),smell(闻起来),feel(摸起来),感官动词要用形容词来修饰。The boy looks smart.The song sounds beautiful.The cake tastes delicious.The dish smells good.The silk feels soft.知识点08 in a white shirt 教材P32【用法详解】in a white shirt 穿着白衬衫,in 表示“穿着”,后接表示衣服或颜色的名词。on也可以表示“穿着,戴着”,但其后一般接人做宾语。The girl in red is my best friend. 穿着红色衣服的女
25、孩是我最好的朋友。The red dress looks pretty on the girl. 这条红色的连衣裙穿在女孩身上很好看。【典例讲解】The boy in blue is my little brother. (对划线部分提问)_ is your little brother?【答案】Which boy【解析】句意:穿着蓝色衣服的那个男孩是我弟弟。对“in +颜色”进行提问,用特殊疑问词which表示哪一个,故答案为:Which boyGrammar知识点01 人称代词 教材P35【用法详解】概念:人称代词是表示“我、你、他”等人称的代词,它有单复数、性别、以及主格和宾格的变化。(
26、1) 人称代词分为第一、第二、第三人称,且有单复数之分;(2) 人称代词的主格在句子中做主语,一般用在动词之前;如:We work.(we 是主语)(3) 人称代词的宾格在句子中做宾语,一般放在动词及介词之后。We help him.(him是宾语)We listen to her.(介词to 后代词her做宾语)人称代词见下表:人称代词单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit(4)用法作主语用主格如:I am a Chinese.(I作主语) 我是一位中国人。作宾语用宾格如:Lets help her
27、. (her作宾语) 让我们帮助她。人称代词在be动词后面时用宾格。Whos knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?Its me. 是我。人称代词在than后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如:He is older than me.= He is older than I am. 他比我大。当几个人称代词并列使用时,格的形式应保持一致。人称代词的次序是:通常单数you放在第一位,I放在最后;复数we放在第一位,they放在最后。 单数you/he and Iyou and heyou, he, and I复数we and you/theyyou and they
28、we, you and they总结:你在前,我在后;我们在前,他们在后!【典例讲解】1.It takes _ one hour _ his homework.A.he; doB.him; doC.him; to doD.his; to do【答案】C【解析】句意:他花费了一个小时做作业。考查take固定句型。he主格;him宾格;his形容词性物主代词。句型It takes sb some time to do sth.表示花费某人多长时间做某事。这里第一空应该用宾格形式,第二空用动词不定式,故选C。2._ are friends.A.I, you and sheB.I and KateC.
29、You, he and ID.You, he and me【答案】C【解析】句意:你、我、他是朋友。考查人称代词的用法。I, you and she我,你和他;I and Kate我和凯特;You, he and I你,他和我;You, he and me,表达错误,作主语应使用代词的主格形式,me是宾格;英语中,当人称代词同时出现用作主语时,必须使用代词的主格形式,且顺序为第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。故选C。3. Let _ look after grandparents at home.A.my sister and IB.me and my sisterC.I and my siste
30、rD.my sister and me【答案】D 【解析】句意:让我妹妹和我在家照顾爷爷奶奶。考查人称代词的顺序。根据题干,结合选项可知,本题考查单数人称代词顺序,其顺序为:第二人称、 第三人称、第一人称;let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,let后接人称代词宾格;故选D。4._ both like watching TV very much.A.I and my brotherB.I and heC.My brother and ID.He and me【答案】C 【解析】句意:我哥哥和我都非常喜欢看电视。考查代词辨析即代词的顺序。I我,主格代词;he他,主格代词;me我,宾格代词。
31、本句缺主语,me是宾格代词,可排除D项。在英语中,单数第一人称I和其他单数人称并列,通常将I后置。结合选项,故选C。知识点02 look at 教材P35【用法详解】1.look用作不及物动词,意为“看、望、瞧”。1) 单独使用时,后不跟介词。I looked but saw nothing. 我看了,但什么也没看见。Look! Here comes the bus. 瞧!汽车来了。2) 和at连用。 look at = have a look 看一看The teacher is looking seriously at us. 老师正严肃地看着我们。Look at these picture
32、s. How beautiful they are! 看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊!2.look用作连系动词,意为“看起来”。1) 后跟形容词。如:You look well/fine/healthy. 你看起来很健康。2) 后跟名词。如:He looks a nice, honest man. 他看上去是个诚实的好人。3) 后跟介词短语等。如:He looks in good health. 他看来十分健康。【典例讲解】The girl in white skirt looks _ (beauty).【答案】beautiful 【解析】句意:穿白裙子的女孩看起来很漂亮。looks是系动词,其后
33、跟形容词作表语,beauty对应的形容词是beautiful。故填beautiful。【拓展】look 和其它某些介词或副词连用:look after 照看,照料 look for 寻找 look around 四下环顾:到处寻找。He is old enough to look after himself. 他年龄足够大,能照看自己。I looked for you just now, but I didnt find you. 刚才我到处找你,但没有找到。He looked around but he saw nobody. 他四下环顾,但什么人也没看到。知识点03 on the wall
34、 教材P35【用法详解】in the wall是在墙里面,on the wall是在墙表面。There is a hole in the wall. 墙里有个洞。There is a map on the wall. 墙上有张地图。【典例讲解】There is a new TV _ the wall.A.atB.ofC.on D. at 【答案】C 【解析】句意:墙上有一台新电视。考查介词辨析。at在;of的;on在上面。根据“. the wall”可知电视在墙上,on the wall在墙上(表面上)。故选C。知识点04 tell you about it 教材P36【用法详解】tell s
35、b about sth 告诉某人关于某事的情况tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人(不)做某事【典例讲解】Lucy _ to him, “Please _ me more about it.”A.said; speakB.said; tellC.spoke; tellD.said; say【答案】B 【解析】句意:露西对他说:“请多告诉我一些。”考查动词辨析。said说,say的过去式,一般指说的内容,常用结构say to sb.“对某人说”;spoke说,speak的过去式,一般其后跟语言,打电话时和某
36、人通话用speak to sb;tell告诉。观察句子结构可知,双引号中的句子是露西说的内容,故第一个空格填say,根据句意可知,本句为一般过去时态,故用said;第二个空格所在句考查tell sb. about sth。双引号中的句子为祈使句,please后为动词原形,故第二个空格填tell。故选B。【拓展】tell 还有讲述的意思tell a story 讲故事 tell a joke 讲笑话 tell a lie 说谎知识点05 after class 教材P36【用法详解】after class 课后 after school 放学后 after work 下班后 after lunc
37、h 午餐后【典例讲解】汤姆,请下课后到我办公室。Tom, please come to my office _ _.【答案】after class【解析】下课后,用after class.【拓展】知识点06 help 教材P36【用法详解】1. help作为动词的用法1) help sb.( to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。其中的to通常是省略的。Can you help me to learn English ? 你能帮助我学英语吗?2) help sb.with sth 帮助某人做某事,Can you help him with this work ? 你能帮助他完成这项工作吗?2
38、. help作为名词的用法be of some/ no/ much help to sb. 对某人有些 / 没有 / 很有帮助。This book is of great help to me. 这本书对我很有帮助。【典例讲解】I always help my parents _ (clean) the house on weekends.【答案】(to) clean【解析】句意:周末我总是帮父母打扫房子。固定短语help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事,故填(to) clean。知识点07 say hello to 教材P36【用法详解】say hello to sb : 向某人
39、问好【典例讲解】Jerry, is that boy with glasses our new classmate?Yes. Lets say hello to _.A.heB.sheC.himD.her【答案】C【解析】句意:杰瑞,那个戴眼镜的男孩是我们的新同学吗?是的。我们跟他打个招呼吧。考查人称代词,say hello to sb向某人问好,sb跟在介词to 的后面,要用宾格。he他,主格;she她,主格;him他,宾格;her她,宾格。根据“ that boy ”可知应该是男生,并且这里放在介词to后,应该用宾格,故选C。【拓展】say goodbye to sb 向某人告别 say
40、sorry to sb 向某人道歉say thanks to sb 向某人道谢 say no to sb 向某人说不知识点08 pardon 教材P36【用法详解】Pardon? 是简略形式,常见的交际用语,其完整形式是:I beg your pardon? 常在没有听清对方所说的话,并请求对方重复一遍时使用。【典例讲解】Could you tell me the main idea of this passage?_I didnt understand what you just said.A.Its nothing seriousB.Not reallyC.I beg your pardo
41、nD.All right【答案】C【解析】句意:你能告诉我这篇文章的大意吗?请你再说一遍,我不明白你刚才说的话。A. Its nothing serious没有什么严重的; B. Not really不见得;C. I beg your pardon 请再说一遍;D. All right好吧。根据答语可知,是想让对方再重复一遍,故答案为C。【拓展】excuse me 多用于麻烦、打扰他人或有求于人时。Excuse me, can I borrow your bike?Im sorry 指做错了事,向对方表示道歉。Im sorry, Im late for class. Integrated Sk
42、ills - Task 知识点01 from .to. 教材P38【用法详解】from.to. :从.到.,既可用来表示时间,也可用来表示地点。from morning to night 从早到晚 from house to house 挨家挨户 from one to another 一个又一个【典例讲解】这家书店每天从早八点到晚七点营业。This bookstore is open _ 8 a.m. _ 7 p.m.【答案】from to 【解析】根据固定搭配“从到:from . to .”可知,from;to符合句意。故填from;to。知识点02 take the bus 教材P38【
43、用法详解】take the bus = by bus = on a /the bus乘公交车【典例讲解】He takes the bus to school every day. (同义句转换)= He goes to school _ _.= He goes to school_ _ _. 【答案】 by bus. on a / the bus知识点03 It takes sb some time to do sth 教材P38【用法详解】It takes sb some time to do sth:做某事花费某人多长时间= sb spend some time on sth = sb sp