1、【备战高考】非谓语动词专项练习题一、单项选择非谓语动词1Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.AAttendBTo attendCAttendingDHaving attended【答案】C【解析】主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni (校友) from home and
2、abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。2When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.AaskingBaskedChaving askedDto be asked【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句,完整的是when he was a
3、sked his view about his job as a teacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语动词有be时,这时从句的主语与be同时省略,故选B。考点:考查省略的用法。点评:本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,需要考生仔细分析句子结构,来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship,_ is mo
4、re true than any other.A.once gained B.when to gainC.after gaining D.while gaining解析:A。考查省略句。once gained = once it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。3When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.AblockBto blockCblockingDblocked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当
5、我们看到路上被雪覆盖时,我们决定在家里度假。此处用非谓语动词作宾补,动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系,构成短语see sb/ sth done。故选D。4Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years.Ahaving Bhad Chave Dto have【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:蝙蝠是一种寿命很长的动物,有的寿命约为20年。根据与前面句子是逗号连接,没有连词,故判断后一句使用独立主格结构,空格处用非谓语动词,逻辑主语some与have是主
6、谓关系,故要用v-ing形式,故选A。5The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, _ air conditioning unnecessary.AmakingBto makeCmadeDbeing made【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来,使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语,但是那是预料不到的结果。本句描述的是一种顺理成章的结果。故选A。【名师点睛】判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分,看是用谓语动词还是非谓
7、语动词,确定了是非谓语动词,还要判断非谓语动词的成分,和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。这道题还有一个考点就是同样是结果状语从句,现在分词和不定式用法也不同,还要结合语境判断符合哪一个,来加以判断。6(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _ with his students.Ato spendBspendCspendingDspent【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语,空格只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend之间是被
8、动关系,故用过去分词spent。故选D项。7(北京)_ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.AOrderingBTo orderCHaving orderedDOrdered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的,现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系,即order the books/the books are ordered,故用过去分词表示被动和完成,在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered.,故选D。【点睛】分词
9、作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句;on doing sth. =as soon as sb. does sth.。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as,since,because引导的原因状语从句。3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换,但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus,thereby,only等。6.
10、分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。8(北京)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants.ArangingBrangeCto rangeDranged【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:国家公园有许多的野生动物,包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。考点:考查非谓语动词。名师点睛现在分词和过去分词的区别:在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义;在时间上,现在分词表示的动作往往正
11、在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生,过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。如:falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶分词的作用作定语单个分词作定语,分词前置。如:The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.分词短语作定语,分词后置;分词修饰不定代词something等要后置;个别分词如give,left等作定语也后置。如:The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building bui
12、lt last year is our library.过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如:Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists作状语现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.As I didnt receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.Given more attention, th
13、e trees could have grown better.If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.(条件)Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend.Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital(原因).Though defeated, he didnt lose heart. (让步)He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. (伴随)He came run
14、ning to tell me the good news. (方式) 注意:选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出,分词就用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。试比较:(Being)Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用。分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致,如果不一致,就用独立主格结构,即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语,一般不用作定语。作表语现在分词作
15、表语多表示主语具有的特征,过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。如:The film is touching.The glass is broken.作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样,在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。如:I smell something burning.I heard him singing the song.I heard my name called.作插入语其结构是固定的,意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generally speaking 一般说来 talking of (speaking of) 说到strictly speaking 严格地说 judging fro
16、m 从判断all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来。如:Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看,他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说,狗比猪跑得快。9 He is thought _foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.Ato act B to have acted
17、 C acting Dhaving acted【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句型“有人认为.已.”可用It is thought/ believed/ .that sb have/has done.结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如:ItisreportedthatChengYifeidiedseveraldaysago.ThenewsreportsthatChengYifeidiedseveraldaysago.ChengYifeiisreportedtohavediedseveraldaysago. 因此B选
18、项正确。句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。”考点:考查动词非谓语形式。10Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend _Chongqing.Athat; to visit Bwhen; to visitCthat; visiting Dwhen; visiting【答案】B【解析】考查不定式和状语从句。句意:彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。When引导时间状语从句,that引导结果状语从句;to visit 限定invitation做后置定语。Visiting限定fr
19、iend做后置定语,句意改变了。选B。11When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you, will call you later.”AreadBreadingCreadsDto read【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回家的时候,我看见别在门上的便条,上面写着“很遗憾错过了你,我会再打电话的。”read与message是逻辑主谓关系,意为“便条上写着”,应使用现在分词做定语,表主动。故选B。12The project, by the end of 2033, will
20、expand the citys telephone network to cover 2,000,000 users.Abeing accomplishedBaccomplishedCto be accomplishedDhaving been accomplished【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词。本句中名词the project与动词accomplish构成被动关系,同时因为2033是将来的时间,所以使用不定式的被动语态做定语修饰the project。A项是现在分词的被动形式,表示正在被做,B项是过去分词,表示被动和已经完成。句意:到2033年底要被完成的这个计划将会把城市
21、电话网络扩大到覆盖2百万用户。故C正确。考点:考察非谓语动词13_upon his years of experience in the business, ZhangYong, Alibabas newly appointed CEO, came up with a novel idea for increasing sales.ATo drawBBeing drawnCDrawingDDrawn【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:阿里巴巴新任CEO张勇凭借多年的商业经验,想出了一个增加销售额的新点子。分析句子结构可知draw在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语ZhangYong构成主
22、动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故选C。14A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards _, The Wandering Earth took home the award the Best Picture.Ato presentBhaving presentedCbeing presentedDpresented【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意:在颁的19个金鸡奖中,流浪地球获得了最佳影片奖。分析句子可知,A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards _是独立主格结构,a total of 19 Golden Rooster
23、Awards和present之间为被动关系,且这个动作已完成,故用过去分词presented表被动和完成,故选D项。【点睛】本句考查独立主格独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。其结构为:名词/代词+to do/ doing/done/adj/ adv/ n以本题为例:因为前后两部分有独立的主语,且没有连接词,故判断前面部分是独立主格结构,名词a total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards和present之间为被动关系,且这个动作已完成,故用过去分词presented表被动和完成。15I watched Mikes adolescen
24、ce, _ he ran into trouble, _things at the wrong time and misunderstood by many people.Awhen; sayingBwhich; saidCwhen; saidDwhich; saying【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和现在分词。句意:我目睹了迈克的青春期,那段期间他遇到了麻烦,说错话,被很多人误解。分析句子可知,adolescence为先行词在后面的非限制性定语从句中作时间状语从句,所以第一个空应选关系副词为when。再分析句子可知,he 与say在逻辑上是主动关系,所以第二个空选现在分词saying
25、。故选A项。16(天津)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs_.Ataking BtakenCbeing taken Dtake【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语,宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。点睛:本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分,找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,再分析二者之间的关系,最后根据句意选
26、择正确的答案。17The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.AroseBrisingCto riseDrisen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:他看到的下一件事是从房子后面冒出烟来。作定语时,过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作,和所修饰词是动宾关系。现在分词表示正在发生的伴随性的动作,和所修饰词是主谓关系。不定式表示具体的将要发生的动作。根据题意,他看的的第二件事物是从房后升起的烟。rise的逻辑主语为smoke,是主动关系,用现在分词,故选B。18(北京)_ over a week ago, the bo
27、oks are expected to arrive any time now.AOrderingBTo orderCHaving orderedDOrdered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的,现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系,即order the books/the books are ordered,故用过去分词表示被动和完成,在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered.,故选D。【点睛】分词作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句;on doing sth. =as soo
28、n as sb. does sth.。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as,since,because引导的原因状语从句。3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换,但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus,thereby,only等。6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。19Beijings new
29、international airport _ into use in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually.Abeing put Bto be putCput Dputting【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意:将于2019年投入使用的北京新国际机场将会每年为7200万乘客提供服务。put into use与其逻辑主语Beijings new international airport构成动宾关系,且根据时间状语in 2019可知,此处应使用不定式的被动形式to be done,to be done表将来,被动。故选B。【
30、点睛】常考的动词不定式 “五式”1) 一般式(to do):强调与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,或发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 I hope to see you again. = I hope that Ill see you again. 我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式(to have done):表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Im sorry to have given you so much trouble. 很抱歉给您带来这么多麻烦。3) 进行式(to be doing): 表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating some
31、thing. 4) 被动式(to be done): 表示将来,被动的动作。 There will be a new skyscraper to be built here.这儿将建一座新的摩天大楼。5)否定式(not to do): He was told not to leave without permission.他被告知不能在未经许可的情况下离开。在本题中,首先,put into use与其逻辑主语Beijings new international airport构成动宾关系;其次,且有很明显的表示将来的时间状语in 2019,故应使用不定时的被动形式to be done。20IP
32、hone, the worlds largest mobile phone maker, said that over the first nine months of the year it _ 23 million handsets in China, an increase of 77 percent _ the same period a year ago.Ahad sold; compared toBhas sold; compared toCsold; comparing withDhad sold; comparing with【答案】A【解析】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意:IPhone,世界最大的手机制造商,说今年头九个月期间,它已经在中国销售了2,300万台手机,与一年前的同期相比增加了77%。第一空根据主句动词said可知,从句时态也应用过去时态,再根据over the first nine months of the year,判断应用过去完成时态;第二空是非谓语动词的固定句式compared to,意为“与相比较”。故选A。