1、Unit 3THE INTERNETGrammar:The Present Perfect Passive Voice1.We have seen the movie Fast and Furious 8 already.2.She has learned English since she was five.3.There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.4.But the Internet has done much more for people t
2、han simply make life more convenient.5.Her company has become quite successful.6.Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better.现在完成时概念现在完成时概念1：for:后接一段时间后接一段时间，如，如three years,a long timee.g.I have known you for a long time.since:自从自从 后接过去的时间
3、点后接过去的时间点/动作动作e.g.I have not seen him since we met last week.AB常用的时间状语有：常用的时间状语有：have learnedfor over ten yearsfor three yearssince three years agoPractice:Finish the sentences have just opened The door is not closed now.）现在完成时概念现在完成时概念2：常用的时间状语有：常用的时间状语有：常与连用，如:these days,up to now,by now,lately,al
4、ready,never,these days,up to now,by now,lately,already,never,ever,just,yet,before,recently,so far,in the ever,just,yet,before,recently,so far,in the past few past few yearsyears等,表示“”所发生的动作.have read.has been.发生过若干次发生过若干次3.现在完成时用于谈论 的事情.现在完成时概念现在完成时概念3：never,twice,three times,many times等等常用的时间状语有：常用
5、的时间状语有：现在完成时谓语动词的构成现在完成时谓语动词的构成 1 have/has 和以前一样选择：当主语是 _ 用has,用have第三人称单数其他人称2 done在现在完成时中叫 ，原型是do/does。过去分词have/has+done肯定式肯定式主语主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词+其它其它否定式否定式主语主语+have/has+not+过去分词过去分词+其它其它一般问句一般问句Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+其它其它特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词+have/has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+其它其它现在完成时的基本结构现在完成时的基本结构助动词在主语后助
6、动词在主语前11Translate them into English.1.你以前做过风筝吗?2.我从来没有见过这么奇怪的人3.到现在你学了多少英语单词?4.这部电影他已经看过5遍了.5.最近有没有读一些有趣的书?6.自从她搬到上海以后,我就没见过她.Have you made a kite before?Ive never seen such a strange man.How many English words have you learned so far?He has already seen this film 5 times.Have you read any interesti
7、ng books recently?I havent met her since she moved to Shanghai.被动语态被动语态 构成：构成：be及物动词的过去分词。及物动词的过去分词。用法：用法：(1)动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态，动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态，(2)当强调动作的承受者时当强调动作的承受者时,用被动语态用被动语态,如如:Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.Discoveri
8、ng现在完成时现在完成时 肯定式肯定式 have/has have/has donedone否定式否定式 have/has not have/has not donedone一般疑问句一般疑问句 have/has+have/has+主语主语+donedone特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+have/has+have/has+主语主语+donedonebeenbeenbeenbeen(Passive Voice)练习练习We have already invited the singer.The singer has already been invited.The singer h
9、as not been invited yet.Has the singer been invited?Who has been invited?被动被动否定否定一般疑问一般疑问对宾语提问对宾语提问The first subway to cross the Yangtze River .第一条横穿长江的地铁已经开工。(肯定式)When and where to spend our holiday yet.我们还没决定何时去何地度假。(否定式)the construction of the underwater tunnel?水下隧道的建造完工了吗?(一般疑问式)parts of Gansu P
10、rovince by strong winds and heavy snowfall in the past two days?在过去的两天里,甘肃省的什么地方受到了大风和大雪侵袭?(特殊疑问式)has been startedhasnt been decided Has been finished What have been hit 现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤1.1.找时找时：找与现在完成相对应的：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语时间状语；2.2.圈主圈主：主语与动词构成：主语与动词构成被动被动关系；关系；3.3.定谓定谓：确定谓动形式：确定谓动形式：have/h
11、as(not)been done。1 A:Why cant I access my account?B:_ your personal information _ (update)?2 Both learning sites _(visit)by over 10,000 people since last year.3 This keyboard _(not use)for a long time.4 Can you tell me what _(do)to bridge the digital divide?5 In the past year I _(inspire)to buy e-bo
12、oks instead of paper books.6 A:Where can I read those comments?B:Online.They _(post)already.7 It seems that more health problems _(cause)by mobile phones.8 That app _(delete)from my smartphone already.Has been updatedhave been visitedhas not been usedhas been donehave been inspired1 Complete the sen
13、tences with the present perfect passive voice of the given verbs.P.74have been postedhave been causedhas been deleted2 Find and correct the mistake in each sentence.EXAMPLEThis app was used several times since I downloaded it.has been1 How much money has spent on the earthquake recovery?2 The girl i
14、s really upset because her new bicycle has stolen.3 These old houses have been built in the 18th century.4 Its a pity that the letter has never sent to his father.5 Little had been seen of them since they moved into the house down the street.beenbeenwere built(有表明确的过去时间的状语)beenhas(含有since引导的状语)P.743
15、 Read the newspaper headlines.Change them into complete sentences as the example.EXAMPLE E-library on School Website for Students An e-library for students has been set up on the school website.1 Boys Video Streamed over Two Million Times2 5 Records Broken Today3 Intelligent Search Engine Designed f
16、or Teenagers4 Theft of Large Amount of Cash from Small Bank5 STUDENTS:30%Discount on Smartphones6 Government Done Much to Stop CyberbulliesMuch has been done by the government to stop cyberbullies.A boys video has been streamed over two million times.Five records have been broken today.An intelligen
17、t search engine has been designed for teenagers.A large amount of cash has been stolen from a small bank.A 30%discount has been offered/given on smartphones to students.P.744 Complete the notice with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Notice to parentsDear Parents,We hope you will welcome th
18、is news.Almost 100 computers _(give)to us by a local computer company since the end of last year.A decision _(make)to begin a computer teaching experiment at our school.Our plan _(support)with technical equipment and advice which _(provide)by the City Information Technology Centre.Every teacher _(pr
19、ovide)with a laptop since the beginning of this term.More recently,most of our courses _(teach)using computers.We _(help)in our teaching by a lot of information from the Internet.Also,a new computer room _(set up)in our school.We hope you will be happy with this exciting new development in our schoo
20、l.have been givenhas been madehas been supportedhas been providedhas been providedhave been taughthave been helpedhas been set upP.746 The present perfect passive voice is often used in formal situations such as articles or speeches.Below,a headmaster is making a speech.Help him complete it.Name Pri
21、ze forWang Xiaoding best in scienceWu Lei top scores all yearLi Li excellent class monitorZhang Hong most well-behaved student in the classHi,everyone!The prizes this year have been awarded(奖励)to four students for their outstanding work.It _(decide)that the Best in Science prize will go to to Wang X
22、iaoding,Wu Leil _(award)the prize for getting the highest scores in the tests all year.She deserves this prize for all her hard work.Li Li _(name).has been decidedhas been awardedhas been namedP.741 1.非延续性动词非延续性动词，如，如 borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join marry,
23、open,join 等构成的现在完成时的被动语态等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能和不能和一段时间状语连用一段时间状语连用。The work was finished two weeks ago.这项工作于两周前被完成。这项工作于两周前被完成。The work has been finished.这项工作已经被完成。这项工作已经被完成。2.2.短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要 保持完整性，保持完整性，不可以省略动词短语中的介词或副词不可以省略动词短语中的介词或副词。It is said that the problem has been l
24、ooked into.据说已经调查了这个问题。据说已经调查了这个问题。3.3.注意现在完成时的被动语态中的两个助动词，即注意现在完成时的被动语态中的两个助动词，即have/has 和和been，两者缺一不可，两者缺一不可。4.4.带有双宾语的动词，如带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，将等，变为被动语态时，将间接宾语间接宾语变为变为主语主语，若，若将将直接宾语变为主语直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词短语
25、时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词短语。The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.He has been given a chance to work abroad recently(by the company).A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently(by the company).(1)Such a man has hardly been believed.(2)The machine has already been repaired.5.5.副
26、词的位置：副词的位置：often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置于等副词置于have/has和和been中间中间 6.6.只有及物动词才有被动语态形式，但只有及物动词才有被动语态形式，但不是所有的及物动词不是所有的及物动词 都是如此，如某些都是如此，如某些表示状态或表示关系的动词或短语表示状态或表示关系的动词或短语只有主动只有主动 语态，而语态，而无被动语态无被动语态。常见的这类动词有：常见的这类动词有：cost(花费花费),fit(适合适合),have(有有),hold(容纳容纳),lack(缺乏缺乏),own(占有占有),suit(适合适合),
27、fail(失败失败),last(持续持续),happen(发生发生),occur(发生发生),take place(发生发生),break out(爆发爆发),belong to(属于属于),agree with(同意同意)e.g.(1)Taiwan belongs to China.(2)The coat cost me 300.主动态主动态被动态被动态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时时态时态语态语态do/doesam/is/are+done didwas/were+doneshall
28、/will doshall/will+be doneam/is/are doingam/is/are+being donewas/were doingwas/were+being donehas/have donehas/have+been donehad donehad+been done实战演练.单句填空1.When you get the papers back,pay special attention to what (mark).2.In recent years many sports clubs (run)to make a profit.3.I want to buy thi
29、s kind of cloth because I (tell)that the cloth washes well.4.Over the past ten years,this town (hit)twice by earthquakes.has been marked have been runhave been told has been hit 5.A lot of damage (cause)by a snowstorm which hit the north of the country last night.6.I like these songs very much which
30、 (teach)recently on the radio.7.When and where our professor will give us a lecture_(not decide)yet.8.Great changes (take)place in my hometown since 2016.has been caused have been taught hasnt been decidedhave taken.翻译句子1.问题已经解决了。_2.他们还没有被告知这个令人兴奋的消息,是吗?_3.他的新小说被译成英语了吗?_The problem has already been solved.They havent been told the exciting news yet,have they?Has his new novel been translated into English yet?4.这辆汽车用了多长时间了?_5.这项计划已被讨论了近两小时了。_How long has the car been used?The plan has been discussed for nearly 2 hours.
