1、 第八节名词性从句考点一主语从句1主语从句的引导词连接词that,whether,if只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what,who,whom，which,whichever，whatever,whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when，where，how,why在从句中作状语(2016北京卷北京卷)Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会有所帮助。(北京卷北京卷)How we understand things has a lot
2、 to do with what we feel.我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。(江苏卷江苏卷)Where Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some wont accept it.李白，中国伟大的诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。(安徽卷安徽卷)The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but whether he reaches these limits wil
3、l depend on his environment.通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。2形式主语形式主语it作形式主语的常见的句型：(1)Itbe形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)that从句(2)Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)that从句(3)Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported等)that从句(4)It不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter等)that从句(浙江卷浙江卷)It is uncertain t
4、hat side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。(山东卷山东卷)It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。对点演练单句语法填空/单句改错1(2017北京卷)Every year，_ makes the most beautiful k
5、ite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.2(2018山东济南一中月考)It is said _he is focusing on a book on space exploration.But _ it will come out remains in the air.3(2018山西45校第一次联考)That there are living creatures in outer space as those on Earth hasnt been proved until now._whoeverthatwhenThatWhether考点二宾语从
6、句1宾语从句的引导词连接词that,whether,if只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what,who,whom，which,whichever，whatever,whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when,where,how,why在从句中作状语(2018天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。(2017天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the
7、books to the library,and I admitted that I hadnt.她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。(四川卷)Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。2形式宾语形式宾语宾语从句一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/makei
8、t宾补(形容词或名词)不定式/宾语从句(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoyit宾语从句(3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely onit宾语从句(4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that宾语从句(陕西卷陕西卷)No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩早餐前散步。I shall see to it that he is taken good ca
9、re of when you are absent.你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。对点演练对点演练单句语法填空/单句改错1(2018陕西宝鸡中学月考陕西宝鸡中学月考)When I walked on the street,I wanted to say _ clean the streets were.2(2017北京卷北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street,n
10、ot knowing _ she was heading.3(山东卷山东卷)Id appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer._howwhere在在if前加前加it考点三表语从句1表语从句的引导词连接词that,whether只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what,who,whom，which，whichever，whatever,whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词 when,where,how,why在从句中作状语(2018北京卷北京卷)This is what my fathe
11、r has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.这是我父亲教我的总是要直面困难，拥抱希望。(2016上海卷上海卷)The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。(北京卷北京卷)The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.在这个足球明星看来，最美好的时刻是他
12、射进制胜球的时候。2as if/as though 引导表语从句引导表语从句as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel,smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实的或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的
13、上面。3其他常考的表语从句其他常考的表语从句(1)This/That/It is why表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是的原因”(2)This/That/It is because表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为”(3)The reason why.is that表语从句“的原因是”(安徽卷安徽卷)From space,the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。对点演练对点演
14、练单句语法填空1(2018江苏卷江苏卷)By boat is the only way to get here,which is _ we arrived.2(2016北京卷北京卷)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.3(浙江卷浙江卷)“Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.”This is _ my mother used to tell me.howthatwhat考点四同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位
15、语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词：advice,conclusion,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,promise,question,suggestion,thought,truth,wish,word等。引导同位语从句的引导词：that,whether,how,where,when,why等。(2016天津卷)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助
16、手。有太多的工作要做。对点演练对点演练单句语法填空/单句改错1(2018北京重点中学联考北京重点中学联考)The question occurred to me _ we should go to get the car repaired.We were in the middle of the forest at that time.2(2018安徽六安一中第二次月考安徽六安一中第二次月考)The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.3(2018天津卷天津
17、卷)The possibility if there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space._wherethatifthat.单句语法填空1(2018河南漯河高级中学三模)_is expected to happen that small automated buses could make a difference when present human-operated transport has proved inefficient
18、.【解析】句意：人们预测，当现有的人力交通运输系统被证明效率低下时，小型自动巴士可能会产生影响。根据句意以及句子结构可知，设空处为形式主语真正的主语是that从句，故用it作形式主语。【答案】It2(2018河北石家庄一中一检)It turns out that looking attractive in photos isnt easy due to_the researchers are calling the“frozen face effect”【解析】分析句子结构可知，介词to后面的宾语从句中are calling缺少直接宾语。【答案】what3(2018山东烟台期中)We aske
19、d 100 famous chefs from around the world_their best meals were,and we got some interesting answers.【解析】句意：我们问了来自世界各地的100位名厨他们最拿手的饭菜是什么，然后我们得到了一些有趣的答案。分析句子结构可知，此处考查宾语从句的引导词，宾语从句中缺少表语，意为“什么”，故用what。【答案】what4(2018浙江五校联考)Through the process of comparison,it might be easier for us to understand_important
20、 belief really is.【解析】句意：通过比较的过程，我们可能更容易理解信念是多么重要。设空处引导的从句作understand的宾语，且修饰形容词important，应用how引导该从句。【答案】how5(2018山东临沂重点中学联考)Twentyfive years later the traveler returned to the same place._he saw amazed him.He could not believe his own eyes.【解析】句意：25年后，这位旅行者回到了同一个地方。他所看到的使他震惊。他不敢相信自己的眼睛。设空处引导主语从句，且在从
21、句中作宾语，表示事物，所以用What。【答案】What6(2018河南中原名校联考河南中原名校联考)Earthquakes worry people a lot.The reason is_we often do not know when they are coming.People can not prepare for it.【解析】【解析】句意：地震让人们很担忧。原因是我们通句意：地震让人们很担忧。原因是我们通常不知道它们什么时候发生。人们没法作准备。设空处常不知道它们什么时候发生。人们没法作准备。设空处引导表语从句，从句的结构和意义完整，所以用引导表语从句，从句的结构和意义完整，所以
22、用that引引导。导。【答案】【答案】that7(2018浙江杭州五校联考)The difficulty lies in _they will come to our help immediately.【解析】句意：困难在于他们是否会马上来帮助我们。分析句子结构可知，_they will come to our help immediately是介词in的宾语从句，根据句意可知，设空处表示“是否”，故用whether引导。【答案】whether8(2018陕西检测一)Such stories set up thinking，wondering_we should do under simila
23、r circumstances.【解析】考查连接词。what引导宾语从句，在从句中作do的宾语。【答案】what9(2018北京海淀期中)Richard swims three times a week after work.This is_he keeps fit.【解析】设空处引导表语从句，根据句子结构及语境可知，从句中缺少方式状语或原因状语，故用how或why引导。【答案】how/why10(2018江苏盐城中学段考江苏盐城中学段考)You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a
24、 list of_you think your real interest lie.【解析】【解析】句意：你应当首先开发你的天赋，了解你自句意：你应当首先开发你的天赋，了解你自己，以便列出一个你认为你真正的兴趣所在的单子。设空己，以便列出一个你认为你真正的兴趣所在的单子。设空处引导宾语从句，作介词处引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，且在从句中作地点状的宾语，且在从句中作地点状语。语。【答案】【答案】where11(2018福建安溪模拟)Success partially depends on_you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.
25、【解析】句意：成功部分取决于你是否有耐心把简单的事情做得完美。设空处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，意为“是否”，故填whether。【答案】whether12(2018湖南株洲二中月考)With an optimistic attitude and a strong will，we can overcome_difficulties we might meet with and achieve our goals.【解析】句意：带着乐观的态度和强烈的愿望，我们能够克服可能遇到的任何困难，取得成功。通过分析句子可知，overcome后为宾语从句，动词短语meet with后缺少宾语，再结合句意
26、可知用whatever修饰名词difficulties引导宾语从句。【答案】whatever13(2018山东师大附中二模)My first task was to decide where to go and_to get there.【解析】句意：我的第一项任务是决定去哪里及如何到达那里。根据常识可知设空处表示“如何”，故填how。【答案】how14(2018福建龙岩五校期中)Therefore,it is advisable_you should value and treat them with care.【解析】句意：因此人们建议你应该珍惜、谨慎对待它们。“_you should v
27、alue and treat them with care”为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导。【答案】that15(2018山东泰安期中)Students can choose_they want to do and register online.【解析】句意：学生们可以选择他们想做的(任何)事情并在网上注册。“_they want to do”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，故填what或whatever。【答案】what/whatever16(2017福建安溪模拟)They would appreciate it，to be frank，_the goods could be
28、 delivered as soon as possible.【解析】句意：坦白地说，如果货物能够尽快被运送，他们将会非常感激。would appreciate it if.表示“如果将不胜感激”，it作形式宾语，if引导的是宾语从句。【答案】if17(2018江苏苏州四市五区调研)It is obvious_the local government can do to protect the environment for future generations.【解析】句意：为了子孙后代，当地政府在保护环境方面所能做的事情是显而易见的。It为形式主语，_the local governmen
29、t can do to protect the environment for future generations是真正的主语，该主语从句缺少宾语，且表示物，故填what。【答案】what18(2018浙江金丽衢十二校联考浙江金丽衢十二校联考)The two presidents talked by telephone on Friday,but the details of_they said were not available.【解析】【解析】句意：两位总统于周五进行了电话会谈，但是句意：两位总统于周五进行了电话会谈，但是他们谈话的细节却无从可知。设空处引导宾语从句，且在他们谈话的细节
30、却无从可知。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中充当从句中充当said的宾语，故用的宾语，故用what引导。引导。【答案】【答案】what19(2018浙江嘉兴模拟)Recently，a new research has suggested the possibility in a popular magazine_pleasant smells might reduce pain.【解析】句意：最近，在一本流行杂志中，有一项新的研究表明好闻的气味有可能减少疼痛。设空处引导同位语从句，对possibility进行解释说明，且从句中不缺成分，意义完整，故填that。【答案】that20(2018贵州贵
31、阳联考)To our astonishment，we saw a light and some people in a cabin.Jim was too frightened to go on but I felt curious，wondering_was happening.【解析】句意：令我们惊讶的是，我们看到在小屋内有一束光和一些人。吉姆太害怕了，不敢继续往前，但是我觉得很好奇，想知道发生了什么事。设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示事物，故用what引导。【答案】what.单句改错1(2018成都一诊)One of the biggest cultural differenc
32、es I noticed while in London was why the people of London conducted themselves._【解析】句意：在伦敦，我注意到的最大的文化差异之一是“伦敦人是如何为人的”。根据语境可知，此处用how引导表语从句，表示方式。【答案】whyhow2(2018赤峰市模拟赤峰市模拟)Its true what honesty is more important than money!_【解析】【解析】it作形式主语，后面的句子为真正的主语，引导词作形式主语，后面的句子为真正的主语，引导词在从句中无任何意义而且不作任何成分，故应用在从句中无
33、任何意义而且不作任何成分，故应用that。【答案】【答案】whatthat3(2018临汾一中联考临汾一中联考)Its not easy for us to accept the fact which we are going to leave our beloved school._【解析】【解析】the fact后为同位语从句，引导词在从句中无任何意后为同位语从句，引导词在从句中无任何意义而且不作任何成分，应用义而且不作任何成分，应用that。【答案】【答案】whichthat4(2018汕头质量监测汕头质量监测)The first reason why I consider him as
34、 my best friend is because he has a very warm personality._【解析】【解析】考查名词性从句。主语为名词考查名词性从句。主语为名词reason，表语从，表语从句中的连接词要用句中的连接词要用that。【答案】【答案】becausethat5(2018武汉武昌区调研武汉武昌区调研)Last term,I couldnt accept the truth which I failed in my math examination._【解析】【解析】考查名词性从句。名词考查名词性从句。名词truth后为同位语从句，后为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成
35、分，故用从句中不缺少成分，故用that。【答案】【答案】whichthat6(2018江西南昌调研)Today,English is which my strength lies.And Im grateful to my English teacher._【解析】分析句子结构可知，句中is 后接表语从句，引导词在从句中作状语，且此处表示“如今，英语是我的强项”，故用where。【答案】whichwhere7(2018湖北八校联考)During the break time,we argued about what club was the best._【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：休息时我们争
36、论哪个俱乐部是最好的。根据语境可知，应用which引导宾语从句，意为“哪一个”。【答案】whatwhich8(2018遵义航天高级中学模拟遵义航天高级中学模拟)There is no doubt whether our company will make greater and greater contributions to the development of Jinan._【解析】【解析】There is no doubt that“毫无疑问毫无疑问”，是固定结，是固定结构。构。【答案】【答案】whetherthat9(2018贵州八校联盟第三次联考)The question is if we can get enough money for the project._【解析】表语从句表示“是否”，用whether。【答案】ifwhether10(2018唐山模拟)Its a great pity what we wont be able to finish the task on time._【解析】It作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。【答案】whatthat
