1、1/GE/January 31,2023超声波的概念与书语及超声波流量计测量的原理PT878液体超声波流量计的组成PT878液体超声波流量计安装考虑因素PT878液体超声波流量计的故障判断PT878液体超声波流量计的操作2/GE/January 31,2023超声波的概念与书语频率:次声波 0 to 20 Hz声波 20 Hz to 20 kHz(Human hearing)超声波 20 kHz超声波的概念超声波的概念3/GE/January 31,2023传感器工作原理 传感器电能 机械能机械能 电能压电晶体的变化每个传感器能发射和接受VVVVVV发射接收4/GE/January 31,20
2、23超声波流量计原理：时差法超声波流量计原理：时差法 传感器既发送信号又接收 信号V tup=超声波被流体减速 tdn=超声波被流体加速tuptdnttupdn tttupdn=-DtPc-Vsinup=qtPc+Vsindn=qVqLP 声信号传播时间逆流传播,tup顺流传播,tdn5/GE/January 31,2023VqLP声速 c=Ptavg,ttt2avg=dnup+Q=Velocity AreaQ=V A体积流量tt tttupdnupdn=-DtPc-VsintPc+Vsinupdn=qq流速 V C2L2 t超声波流量计原理：时差法超声波流量计原理：时差法6/GE/Janua
3、ry 31,2023夹装式传感器 折射原理 Snells Lawcsincsincsin112233qqq=c1=传感器内传播速度c2=管壁的传播速度c3=流体内的传播速度S=传感器的间距c1q q1c2q q2q q3c3LSW.T.Classic“clamp-on”approach7/GE/January 31,2023PT878液体超声波流量计的组成1主机传感器信号线充电器红外线转RS232测厚探头偶合剂仪器包8/GE/January 31,2023PT878液体超声波流量计的组成21.OKS传感器夹具2.CRS和CPT传感器夹具3.CF-LP传感器夹具9/GE/January 31,2
4、023所配传感器的特性及用途传感器代码型号C-RS402C-RS401C-PT116CF-LP 23OKSSpecial(91)形状频率1.0 MHz0.5 MHz1.0 MHz4.0 MHz2.0 MHz发射角度42423559.5传播时间17.320.327.55.85传播速度24842484 2674.6332810/GE/January 31,2023传感器选用原则1.温度要求.2.信号要求.导声较差的介质和大的管道选择低频探头.3.精度要求.频率越高精度越高.2寸以下一般用CF-LP探头.11/GE/January 31,2023管道要求1.直管段要求:前10后5.即在传感器安装位置
5、前10倍直径长度和后5倍的直径长度无弯头,阀门等引起流体扰动的装置.2.准确测量管经外径周长或直径.3.确定管道材质和壁厚及接触温度.4.确定是否有内衬及种类和厚度.12/GE/January 31,2023介质要求1.已列出的介质直接选择2.未列出的介质需输入声速或选择跟踪窗口测试3.确定声速的目的是在窗口中央将信号检出.END OF TRANSMITGOOD SNRWINDOW13/GE/January 31,2023安装方式1.根据管道大小和信号强度选择安装方式A.单声程:大管道和复杂应用B:双声程:首选方式,安装简单.C:多声程:小管道,信号特强.安装位置:水平管道 3点和9点位置 垂
6、直管道必须是介质向上流14/GE/January 31,2023测量管道的直径和壁厚一般在传感器安装位置测量五个直径,平均值用超声波测厚仪测量八个点的厚度,取平均值15/GE/January 31,2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)16/GE/January 31,2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)17/GE/January 31,2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)18/GE/January 31,2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)19/GE/January 31,2023单声程传感器的安装(俯视)20/GE/January 31,2023单声程传感器的安装(俯视)21/GE/January
7、31,2023双声程传感器的安装(侧视)22/GE/January 31,202323/GE/January 31,2023双声程传感器的安装(侧视)24/GE/January 31,2023双声程传感器的安装(俯视)25/GE/January 31,2023双声程传感器的安装(俯视)26/GE/January 31,2023传感器的安装27/GE/January 31,2023传感器的安装28/GE/January 31,202329/GE/January 31,2023校准1.标定后输入校验系数2.雷诺数修正.Re=雷诺数#V=流体流速ID=内径=运动粘度(ft2/sec or m2/se
8、c)k=11.1190.011 l og ReRe-Re=VID absolute viscosityfluid density=30/GE/January 31,2023进行信号诊断介质充满管道后需检测的参数和信号流向是否正常信号强度SSup;SSdn 声速SNSP波型等根据诊断参数调整有关输入参数得到准确结果31/GE/January 31,2023进行信号诊断信号强度SSup;SSdn 50-55偏低可能不稳定 55-60 低一点,可以接受 60-65 好 65-75 非常好 75-99 信号饱和,分辨率可能降低 0.电缆线开路 100.控制器故障声速SNSP应在合理范围内.如水1500
9、m/s左右 32/GE/January 31,2023进行信号诊断错误代码E0:无错误E1:信号太低E2:声速错误E3:流速超出范围E4:信号质量太差E5:流速变化太大 33/GE/January 31,2023FeaturesLarge,Backlit LCDSimplified KeypadGraphical User Interface(GUI)Faster Update RateImproved Peak DetectionLarger,more powerful Data LoggerXML-format Site FilesFlash memory Simple UpgradesP
10、T878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterIrDA -compatible wireless data transferUp to 11 hours run time per charge34/GE/January 31,2023LCD Display240 x 200 resolutionRoom for 1 to 4 measurementsLarge signal waveform displaysWhite EL BacklightPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter35/GE/January 31,2023LCD Display240 x 200 resolu
11、tionRoom for 1 to 4 measurementsLarge signal waveform displaysWhite EL BacklightPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter36/GE/January 31,2023KeypadRubberized keysClick actionSimple universal layoutSoft Function KeysPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter37/GE/January 31,2023Graphical UserInterface(GUI)Keeps related informatio
12、n togetherAll choices visible at the same timePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter38/GE/January 31,2023GUI ControlsMenus Related items grouped together Use to move through choices Use to change menus Press Enter to selectPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter39/GE/January 31,2023GUI ControlsTabs Quick access to related f
13、orms Use to select form Press Enter to open the formPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter40/GE/January 31,2023GUI ControlsButtons Selects between mutually exclusive choices Use to select button Press Enter to activatePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter41/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsLists Cho
14、ose from all applicable settings Use to move one item Use to scroll the list42/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsNumeric Entry Press Enter to begin entering digits Press to erase a digit Press Esc to cancel and restore original value Press Enter to accept the new valueValues ca
15、n be entered or displayed in either Metric or English units without having to change meter defaults43/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsCheck Boxes Used to turn an option:On Off Press Enter to toggle44/GE/January 31,2023GUI ControlsFunction Keys Change according to form or menu
16、 active Press F1,F2,or F3 to selectPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter45/GE/January 31,2023GUI ControlsLocale-Specific Change date,time,and decimal formats for local custom:MM/DD/YYYY DD-MM-YYYY YYYY-MM-DD 11:59 PM 23:59 123.45 123,45PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter46/GE/January 31,2023Data Logger1 Megabyte storag
17、e 100,000 recordsFrom 1 to 12 items per logMultiple logs can run simultaneouslyLog interval from 1 second to 99 minutesProgrammable Start and End Date/TimeCyclic LogsError logsPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter47/GE/January 31,2023Flash MemoryInstall new program in minutes over IRNo EPROMs to changePT878 Ul
18、trasonic Flowmeter48/GE/January 31,2023IrDA -Compatible WirelessCommunicationsInfrared data transferUp to 115KbpsUp to 1 meter rangeDrag&Drop file transfersAutomatic No settings No cable adapters requiredPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter49/GE/January 31,2023BatteryNiMH rechargeable 9 to11 hour run time(lon
19、ger than NiCd)6 hour recharge None of the memory problems associated with NiCd Fewer charge cycles than NiCd NiCd performs better in cold NiCd or disposable AA alkaline cells can be used instead of NiMHPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter50/GE/January 31,2023BatteryContinuous battery level gauge Simple icon i
20、ndicates chargeUniversal charger 100-250VACPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter51/GE/January 31,2023BatteryRun time up to 11 hours,depending on features selected.Run time is reduced by:Prolonged use of the backlight Loop-powered 4-20mA transmitters High resistance loads on 4-20mA outputRun time is increased b
21、y:Using Sleep modePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter52/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterEnvironmentalMeets IP67 rating Withstands submersion in waterDurable polymer boot Prevents damage if dropped Integrated wire stand53/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterMeter Setup Select Units Select
22、Transducer Select Pipe Select Lining Select Fluid Adjust Path Correction FactorsA.Save to a Site54/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect UnitsThe PT878 can default to either Metric or English units.From the Meter menu,select Units.Press OK to use the new settings.55/GE/January 31,2023PT
23、878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect TransducerSelect Wetted or Clamp-onChoose Transducer from List List only shows applicable transducers All parameters filled in automaticallyChoose SPECIAL to enter customer parameters Allows each parameter to be specified56/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterS
24、elect PipeSelect Pipe Material from List Pipe Sound Speed automatically filled in Select OTHER for unlisted material Enter Sound SpeedEnter Dimensions Outer Diameter(OD)or Circumference(ODxPI)Wall thickness57/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect PipeIf pipe material has a schedule,ID c
25、an be used to automatically enter dimensions.Uses ANSI(English)or DIN(metric)schedule.Schedule Materials:Stainless Steel Carbon Steel Cast Iron PVC CPVC58/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect LiningChoose lining material from list,or Other to specifyLining option is not available when
26、using Wetted transducers59/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect FluidEnable/Disable Tracking Windows Use for fluids with unknown or highly variable sound speed Specify minimum and maximum soundspeedChoose fluid from list or Other for unlisted fluid If fluid not listed,specify the nomin
27、al soundspeed only60/GE/January 31,2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect FluidFor Energy applications with water as fluid,specify the%Glycol concentration61/GE/January 31,2023Adjust PathFor clamp-on,Path length P and Axial length L are automatically calculated.Select the number of traverses.Spacing i
28、s automatically recalculated.Spacing can be changed by entering a new value.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter62/GE/January 31,2023Finish UpYour changes will not take effect until you:Press OK to keep all changesPress CANCEL to discard all changesPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter63/GE/January 31,2023Correction Fac
29、torsReynolds Correction Use a single value for Kinetic Viscosity(K/V).Table option is not availablePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter64/GE/January 31,2023Correction FactorsK-Factor Correction Use a single value for K-Factor multiplier Use a Table to relate K-Factor to another measure.Only Velocity can be us
30、ed to interpolate the K-Factor.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter65/GE/January 31,2023Save to a Site FileTo keep the new settings,you must save them to a Site File:Choose Save Now to replace the settings in the current site.Choose Manager to create a new site.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter66/GE/January 31,2023S
31、ite ManagerUse the Site Manager to:Save settings to a new site.Use and existing site.Delete sites.Rename sites.Print or Transfer sites.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter67/GE/January 31,2023Site ManagerOpen the Site Manager menu by pressing Menu,Enter.Choose Save As to name the site and store it.PT878 Ultra
32、sonic Flowmeter68/GE/January 31,2023Site ManagerEnter a file name of up to 8 characters:Use arrows to move around the grid.Press Enter to select the character.Use Delete to erase a character.Press OK when done.Hint:A descriptive Site Message can be entered from the Site MenuPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmete
33、r69/GE/January 31,2023Site FilesUp to 32 sites stored in PT878Can be transferred to/from PC for unlimited capacity Software versions need to match to ensure compatibilityXML*Format Files print as shown hereSome outputs are coded Set-ups are best viewed through a meter Site Files should not be edited
34、 with a PC or laptop*eXtensible Markup Language PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter70/GE/January 31,2023DiagnosticsDisplay all Diagnostics Simultaneously Select“Diagnostics”in the Service Menu Press EnterPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter71/GE/January 31,2023DiagnosticsAll Diagnostics viewed simultaneously Easy and
35、efficient analysisPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter72/GE/January 31,2023NoteThe above presentation reflects PT878 Instrument Program INST.001.J and ECO 4958 New functionality and capabilities Minor changes in menus All meters with serial#1294 and above will include these modifications Meters with serial#1293 and lower can be upgraded(consult the factory)PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter谢谢你的阅读v知识就是财富v丰富你的人生
