1、Unit 5 Humans and NatureLesson 3 Race to the Pole 1.Why did Captain Amundsens party win the race?2.Why did Captain Scotts team lose the race?3.Why do you think the writer of the text used the word“race”in the title?4.Why was the world shocked by Scotts death?5.How do you understand Amundsens saying
2、about Scotts death“Captain Scott left a record,for honesty,sincerity,for bravery,for everything that makes him a man”?Work in groups and discuss the questions.Revision1.Why did Captain Amundsens party win the race?(1)Well organized and prepared Amundsen had used the opportunity of learning from the
3、Inuit while on his North West passage expedition of 1905.He recruited experienced dog drivers,and they left earlier.(2)Reliable skiers+handled the dogs well Amundsen recruited a team of well experienced skiers,all Norwegians who had skied from an early age.He also recruited a champion skier.Not only
4、 were the Norwegians accustomed to skiing(native skill),which enabled them to keep up with their dogs,but they also understood how to feed them and not overwork them.Revision(3)They pioneered a new route which helped them move forward more smoothly.(4)Amundsens expedition was planned to reach the So
5、uth Pole without other tasks.One goal:the single intention of reaching the Pole.(5)The benign weather accompanied them,which didnt stop them from advancing.They had good luck.Revision2.Why did Captain Scotts team lose the race?(1)Though they prepared a lot,the preparation was not so suitable for rac
6、ing to the Pole.Amundsens dogs,being more cold-tolerant than ponies/horses,would be able to start earlier in the season than Scotts mixed transport of dogs,ponies,and motors.(2)Scotts party consisted of seamen,scientists,army officers.He made no arrangements for compulsory training for the full part
7、y to learn to ski.Revision(3)Scott relied chiefly on man-hauling in 19111912 because ponies could not ascend the glacier midway to the Pole.Half of the distance was intended to be covered by man-hauling,which slowed their pace.(4)They followed an old route,which wasnt as favorable as the new one Amu
8、ndsen used.Revision(5)Scott and his financial backers saw the expedition as having a scientific basis,while also wishing to reach the pole.Scott and his team knew the expedition would be judged on his attainment of the Pole.(6)The weather on the return march seems to have been unusually bad.In parti
9、cular,when the party reached the Great Ice Barrier,the temperature was much lower than expected for the season making the surface much less suitable for the sledge runners.RevisionRevision3.Why do you think the writer of the text used the word“race”in the title?The word“race”may have the following m
10、eanings in the text:Its a race between Scotts team and Amundsens team to see who can get to the Pole first.For Scotts team,its a race between survival and death.For Scotts team,its also a race between the terrible condition the team face and their perseverance and bravery.Revision4.Why was the world
11、 shocked by Scotts death?People were shocked by Scotts death possibly because:Scott and his team members died so bravely.They didnt give away the stones even in such bad conditions.They got within just 11 miles of one of their food bases.They died in the way of a gentleman.5.How do you understand Am
12、undsens saying about Scotts death“Captain Scott left a record,for honesty,sincerity,for bravery,for everything that makes him a man.”?This is Captain Amundsens tribute(致敬)to Captain Scott.Captain Scott wrote a diary detailing his journey,each entry was truthful and honest.He was honest about the fee
13、lings of his team and his fears.Captain Scott and his team brought back rocks for research,they did not only think about themselves but also the greater good of humankind and the effect of the research.According to Huntford,the news of Scotts death meant that“Amundsen the victor was eclipsed(黯然失色).b
14、y Scott the martyr”.RevisionObserving and Exploring Both teams organized food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.They were also preparing themselves for the great expedition.They believed that they would succeed in realizing their dream if they were fully prepared.Conclusion:We ca
15、n change the form of a word by adding a _.suffixsuffix:a letter or letters added to the end of a word to form a new word,such as“ness”in“kindness”or“ly”in“suddenly”Underline the different forms of the same word.Working outSuffixes_ _ _preparationsituationhopelesscheerfulexplorationanxiouslysadnesspr
16、epare situate hope cheer explore anxious sadComplete the Word Builder.Word Builder-tion-less-full-ness-lyWorking outThe rules of suffixes派生构词法：派生构词法：以一个单词为词根，加前缀或后缀构成一个新词的方法。一般情况，加前缀不改变词性，只改变原词的词义，个别前缀会改变词性；后缀一般改变词性，加后缀构成的派生词与原词的词义有一定的联系。Working out1.常见前缀有：dis-表示表示“不，无不，无”im-表示表示“不不”in-表示表示“不不”ir-表示
17、表示“不，无不，无”dishonest 不诚实的 disagree 不同意dislike 不喜欢 disadvantage 缺点impossible 不可能的 impatient 不耐烦的imbalance 不平衡的immoral 不道德的inexpensive 不贵的informal 非正式的incapable 没有能力的incorrect 不正确的irregular 不规则的irrelative 无关的irresistible 不可抗拒的irrational 不合理的inter-表示表示“相互相互”re-表示表示“再；重复再；重复”mis-表示表示“错误的错误的”un-表示表示“不不”In
18、ternet 互联网 international 国际的interact 相互作用 interchange 交换retell 重述 rewrite 重写rebuild 重建 restart 重新开始mistake 错误misunderstand 误会misuse 乱用misfortune 不幸unable 不能的unhappy 不开心的unexpected 出乎意料的unpopular 不受欢迎的Working out2.常见后缀有：词类词类后缀后缀例词例词名词-er/-ordriver 司机 reader 读者 inventor 发明者 visitor 访问者-ianmusician 音乐家
19、 magician 魔术师 historian 历史学家-mentdevelopment 发展 agreement 同意 government 政府-istscientist 科学家 artist 艺术家 pianist 钢琴家-nesscarefulness 细心 kindness 善良 happiness 幸福 illness 疾病-thtruth 真相 growth 成长 warmth 温暖-tioninformation 信息 education 教育 pronunciation 发音-tysafety 安全 difficulty 困难 activity 活动 ability 能力-s
20、hipfriendship 友谊 hardship 艰难 partnership 合作关系Working out词类词类后缀后缀例词例词形容词-able,-iblecomfortable 舒适的 useable 可用的 possible 可能的-fulcareful 小心的 helpful 有帮助的 useful 有用的-iveactive 积极的 attractive 有吸引力的 productive 生产的-lessuseless 无用的 homeless 无家可归的 hopeless 没有希望的-lyfriendly 友好的 lovely 可爱的 lively 生动的-ousdanger
21、ous 危险的 famous 著名的 serious 严肃的-ese,-(ia)nChinese 中国的 Australian 澳大利亚的 Canadian 加拿大的-yhealthy 健康的 cloudy 多云的 windy 有风的 snowy 有雪的-alnatural 自然的 national 民族的 traditional 传统的副词-lysimply 简单地 quickly 迅速地 easily 容易地Applying 1.Scott and Amundsens waited anxiously for spring during the Antarctic winter of 19
22、11.2.Amundsen got to the South Pole before Scott because he had done more _ before leaving for the Pole.3.Scott and his team got into a difficult _ because their sledges broke down.preparationsituation Use the correct form of the words in the Word Builder to complete the sentences below.Applying4.Sc
23、otts team tried to stay _ despite of all the difficulties they faced.5.Scott experienced a great sense of _ after realizing that all of his efforts to reach the South Pole were in vain.6.Scott wrote about their _ situation in his diary.7.The bad weather increases the danger of their _.hopelesssadnes
24、sexplorationcheerfulApplying1.Mary was very _ at the news,so she looked _ at her husband,her eyes full of _(sad).2.To our _,the headmaster was very _ with our report.(satisfy)sadness sadsadlysatisfactionsatisfiedUse the correct form of the words in the brackets to complete the sentences below.Applyi
25、ng3.Edison was a great _.During his life he had many _.(invent)4.I should _ my task and make it _ to finish it.(simple)simpler/simple inventorinventionssimplifyApplyingSteve Jones is an(1)_(environment)expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.Some animals have become(2)_(
26、home)and some plants are in danger of(3)_(extinct).If we know more about what causes(4)_(danger),we may be able to take measures before it is too late.environmentalhomelessextinctionendangermentUse proper words and the correct form of the words in the brackets to complete the short passage below.App
27、lyingA species can become(5)_(endanger)for(6)_(differ)reasons.Animals and plants must have a habitat or home,which is(7)_(comfort)and clean,and where there is enough food and other resources.Otherwise they cannot live(8)_(comfort).They are all used to their environment;that is,they have learnt how to live(9)_(succeed)in their habitat.To live in harmony with animals whose habitat were destroying,were going to have to do a lot more work in what were doing to them.differentcomfortablecomfortablysuccessfullyendangered
