1、商务英语阅读商务英语阅读1 1Unit 10 Business EthicsContents 2.Text B 1.Text A 4.Reading Skills 3.Cultural TourLead-in Discussion1.What do you know about ethics?Whats the relationship between ethics and culture?Lead-in Discussion2.Should people observe business ethics in trading?Why?Lead-in Discussion3.How do bus
2、iness ethics impact management practices?Give examples to illustrate your idea.Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara.1-2This part provides the definition of ethics a system of moral standards or values,and it is explained that a sense of ethics is determined by a number of social,cultural,and reli
3、gious factors.Para.3-6Ethics impacts various aspects of management and operations in business.Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara.7-9Ethics influences global corporations in that the success of corporations depends not only on the desirability of the goods but also on their social and environmen
4、tal merits.Part I Words and Expressionsenforce(para.4)vt.ensure observance of laws and rules;compel to behave in a certain way 实施，执行；强迫，强实施，执行；强迫，强制制We enforce decision rights in processes.我们在过程中执行决策权。我们在过程中执行决策权。Part I Words and Expressionsperception（Para.6）n.knowledge gained by perceiving 观念，认识，看观
5、念，认识，看法法Since the past is the past,and we cant go back and change it,is it possible to change our reality and our perception of the world?过去过去的已经过去，我们不能回溯时间去改变它，的已经过去，我们不能回溯时间去改变它，那么，我们还可不可以做到，改变我们生活的那么，我们还可不可以做到，改变我们生活的现实或者我们对世界的现实或者我们对世界的看法？看法？Part I Words and Expressionscensor(Para.5)vt.forbid th
6、e public distribution of(a movie or a newspaper)；subject to political,religious,or moral censorship审查，检查；检查和删节审查，检查；检查和删节The film came under the ban of censor.该影片被审查官员禁止上映。该影片被审查官员禁止上映。Part II Words and Expressionsclout(Para.5)n.special advantage or influence 影响力；势力影响力；势力Given that almost 80%of the
7、listed company is held by the founders,outside investors have little clout.考虑到几乎考虑到几乎80%的上市公司是由创始人持有的，外的上市公司是由创始人持有的，外部投资者几乎没有什么影响力。部投资者几乎没有什么影响力。Part I I Words and Expressionspaternal(Para.6)adj.belonging to or inherited from ones father;characteristic of a father父亲的；得自父亲的；父亲的；得自父亲的；父亲般的父亲般的But the
8、re was something in this mans voice that caught me:the quality of the paternal love in it.然而，在这个男人的声音里，还有些东西抓攫着然而，在这个男人的声音里，还有些东西抓攫着我：声音里的那种父爱的气质。我：声音里的那种父爱的气质。Part I I Words and Expressionsrecession(Para.6)n.the state of the economy declines;a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade
9、lasting from six months to a year 衰退；不景气；衰退；不景气；后退；后退；There is sign that the recession has bottomed out.有迹象表明萧条已达最低点。有迹象表明萧条已达最低点。Part I I Words and Expressionspharmaceutical(Para.8)adj.of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists;of or relating to drugs used in medical treatment制药制药（学）的（学）的;药物的药物的;药用的
10、药用的The WHO should boost funding for the Department of Essential Medicines and Pharmaceutical Policies.世界卫生组织应该加强对基本药物和制药政策部世界卫生组织应该加强对基本药物和制药政策部门的资金支持。门的资金支持。Part I I Words and Expressions squirm（Para.8）v.to move in a twisting or contorted motion(especially when struggling)扭动；蠕动扭动；蠕动;局促不局促不安安Questio
11、ned persistently by the teacher,he squirmed.在老师不断的盘问下，他有些局促不安。在老师不断的盘问下，他有些局促不安。Part I I Words and Expressionsforfeit(Para.8)vt.lose or lose the right to by some error,offense,or crime,give up（因犯罪、失职、违约等）丧失（因犯罪、失职、违约等）丧失（权利、名誉、生命等）（权利、名誉、生命等）If you dont return the article to the shop within a week,y
12、ou forfeit your chance of getting your money back.你如果不在一星期内把物品退回商店，你将丧失你如果不在一星期内把物品退回商店，你将丧失索回货款的权利。索回货款的权利。Part III Words and Expressionsembroil(Para.9)vt.force into some kind of situation,condition,or course of action使卷入；使混乱使卷入；使混乱Why did you embroil innocent,ordinary civilians?你们为什么要牵连无辜的平民百姓你们为什
13、么要牵连无辜的平民百姓?Dont embroil me in your quarrel.别把我别把我牵扯进牵扯进你们的争吵之中。你们的争吵之中。Part III Words and Expressionsconfer(Para.9)vt.to give something such as power or an honour to someone授予；给予授予；给予The constitution also confers large powers on Brazils 25 constituent states.宪法还授予巴西宪法还授予巴西25个成员州极大的权力。个成员州极大的权力。Part
14、 III Words and Expressionscache(Para.9)n.a hidden storage space(for money or provisions or weapons)电脑高速缓冲存储器电脑高速缓冲存储器;贮存物；隐藏处贮存物；隐藏处The items will then be stored in the cache for future use.最后会将这些项目存储在缓存中，以供将来使用。最后会将这些项目存储在缓存中，以供将来使用。Part I Notesethics(Para.4):Part I NotesBusiness ethics：Business et
15、hics(also known as corporate ethics)is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment.It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizati
16、ons.商业道德商业道德Part II Notesethnicity：The term ethnicity has been defined in broader sense to signify self-consciousness of a group of people united or closely related by shared experience such as language,religious belief,common heritage etc.An ethnic community may distinguish itself from others by wa
17、y of a particular or distinctive culture,language,religion or a combination of these.These features lead ethnic communities to conflict with other communities with whom they come in contact.种族划分种族划分 Part I I NotesFortune Global 500：Fortune Global 500 also known as Global 500,is an annual ranking of
18、the top 500 corporations worldwide as measured by revenue.The list is compiled and published annually by Fortune magazine.Until 1989,it listed only non-US industrial corporations under the title“International 500”while the Fortune 500 contained and still contains exclusively US corporations.In 1990,
19、U.S.companies were added to compile a truly global list of top industrial corporations as ranked by sales.Since 1995,the list has had its current form,listing also top financial corporations and service providers by revenue.财富世界财富世界500强强Part II Notes Cultural norms(Para.6)：Cultural norms are behavio
20、ral standards that a society adopts as a whole and follows when interacting with one another.They are different according to each culture.Ashley Crossman for A explains that Americans value eye contact during conversation,but many Asian cultures consider eye contact to be rude.Cultural norms are fur
21、ther broken down by sociologists into four subcategories,including folkways,mores,taboos and laws.文化规范文化规范Part I Questions1.What is ethics?What are the factors that influence a sense of ethics?Ethics can be defined as a system of moral standards or values.A sense of ethics is determined by a number
22、of social,cultural,and religious factors;this sense influences us beginning early in childhood.People are taught how to behave by their families,exposure to education and thinking,and the society in which they live.Part I I Questions2.What aspects does ethics impact in business field?Ethics impacts
23、various aspects of management and operations,including human resources,marketing,research and development,and even the corporate mission.Part I I Questions3.How do you understand the notion that ethics is culture-specific?Some of human ethical behaviors are universally acceptedfor example,people sho
24、uldnt physically hurt other people.But on most occasions,some ethical behaviors are only accepted within a specific culture,and the role of ethics in management practices,particularly those practices involving human resources and employment,differs from culture to culture.For example,gender issues a
25、re at times impacted by local perceptions of women in the workplace.A women worker may be one member of the management in an American company,but she could not be sent to Saudi Arabia or Afghanistan to negotiate with government officials or manage the local office,because gender discrimination is ve
26、ry serious in local culture there.Part III Questions4.Whats the difference between larger global companies and smaller local companies in their management and employment decisions pertaining to ethics?The larger global companies can often make management and employment decisions regardless of local
27、practices.The person representing the larger company brings the clout of their company to any business interaction.In contrast,lesser-known,midsize,and smaller companies may find that who their representative is will be more important.Often lacking business recognition in the marketplace,these small
28、er and midsize companies have to rely on their corporate representatives to create the professional image and bond with their in-country counterparts.Part III Questions5.Why do some pharmaceutical companies give away free drugs or cheaper medicines to impoverished African nations?Some pharmaceutical
29、 companies give away free drugs or cheaper medicines to impoverished African nations because they want to improve their reputation and gain more marketing share.Some pharmaceutical companies that do donate medicines often promote this practice in their corporate marketing campaigns in hopes that con
30、sumers see the companies in a favorable light.More and more global corporations are trying to market their products based not only on the desirability of the goods but also on their social and environmental merits.Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara.1Defective“Made in China”products arouses grow
31、ing concern,not only about its products and enterprises,but also about its business ethicsPara.2-4This part introduces three events connected with“Made in China”products:toothpaste scare,tainted pet food and Zhang Shuhongs suicide because of the toys contaminated with lead paint.Structural AnalysisP
32、ara.Main TopicsPara.5-8Analysis of three events:peoples different opinions about the“mouse dropping”;two problems with the small percentage of defective Made in China products;three deeper causes connected with the ongoing rise and development of business ethics in China.Words and Expressionsassembl
33、evt.create by putting components or members together；collect in one place聚集；装配；聚集；装配；In Part 2,we continue by describing references and wires,and show how to use them to assemble SCA components.Words and Expressionsreelvi.walk as if unable to control ones movements；revolve quickly and repeatedly aro
34、und ones own axis卷；眩晕；蹒跚地走；退缩卷；眩晕；蹒跚地走；退缩reel from 由于由于而而蹒跚；蹒跚；受受的不好影响的不好影响As Japanese industries reel from Chinese export restrictions on rare earth metals,alternative sources are moving in to fill the gap.当中国的稀土出口限制影响到日本工业界时，其当中国的稀土出口限制影响到日本工业界时，其它稀土矿产地在逐渐填补这一缺口。它稀土矿产地在逐渐填补这一缺口。Words and Expressio
35、nsjustifiablyadv.with good reason言之有理地，无可非议地言之有理地，无可非议地Palestinians are justifiably worried that these projects nibble away at the land available for their future state.巴勒斯坦人有理由巴勒斯坦人有理由担心这些担心这些工程会一点点侵蚀他工程会一点点侵蚀他们未来国家的土地。们未来国家的土地。Words and Expressionstaintvt.contaminate with a disease or microorganis
36、m污污染；腐蚀；使感染染；腐蚀；使感染Avoid anything that might undermine your personal standards or taint your views.避免任何可能破坏你的个人标准或玷污你的观点避免任何可能破坏你的个人标准或玷污你的观点的事情。的事情。Words and Expressionsimpedevt.be a hindrance or obstacle to;block passage through阻碍；妨碍；阻止阻碍；妨碍；阻止One shouldnt impede others progress.一个人不应该妨碍别人的进步。一个人不
37、应该妨碍别人的进步。Words and Expressionscontaminate vt.make impure;make radioactive by adding radioactive material污染，弄脏污染，弄脏Your hands can spread bacteria and contaminate the pump and the milk.你的手能够传播细菌，污染奶泵和牛奶。你的手能够传播细菌，污染奶泵和牛奶。Words and Expressionsvendor n.someone who promotes or exchanges goods or service
38、s for money卖主；小贩；供应商卖主；小贩；供应商The vendor can turn his stock every day.小贩每天都能把进的货卖完。小贩每天都能把进的货卖完。Words and Expressionslag vi.hang(back)or fall(behind)in movement,progress,development,etc.滞后滞后I have seen development lag because the poor do not have access to markets and finance.我目睹了由于穷人无法进入市场，没有融资渠道我目睹
39、了由于穷人无法进入市场，没有融资渠道而造成的发展滞后。而造成的发展滞后。Words and Expressionsresort vi.have recourse to求助，诉诸；采取某手段或方求助，诉诸；采取某手段或方法法The best means we should resort to is to build a long dam along the river.我们应当采取的最好措施是沿河筑起一道长长的我们应当采取的最好措施是沿河筑起一道长长的坝。坝。Words and Expressionsintegrity n.moral soundness正直；诚实正直；诚实He expects
40、to find in us the common honesty and integrity of men of business.他希望在我们身上找到商业人士所共有的诚实和他希望在我们身上找到商业人士所共有的诚实和正直。正直。Words and Expressionsproblematic adj.open to doubt or debate问题的；有疑问的问题的；有疑问的The domestic success of todays Czech film comedies has a problematic side to it.今天的捷克喜剧电影在国内的成功带有它们的问今天的捷克喜剧电影
41、在国内的成功带有它们的问题的一面。题的一面。Words and Expressionsconundrum n.a difficult problem 难题难题More innovative approaches are required to tackle social conundrums and to clear paths for progress.需要更具创新性的手段从而应对社会难题和为进需要更具创新性的手段从而应对社会难题和为进步扫清道路。步扫清道路。Words and Expressionsrein vt.control and direct with or as if by re
42、ins控制；驾控制；驾驭驭You have to rein in your temper if by any chance she refuses you.万一她拒绝了你，你可不许发火。万一她拒绝了你，你可不许发火。Words and Expressionsconceive vt.have the idea for构思构思He conceived a new plan very quickly.他很快就想出一个新的计划方案。他很快就想出一个新的计划方案。Notesmelamine：Melamine is an organic base and a trimer of cyanamide,wit
43、h a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton.Like cyanamide,it contains 67%nitrogen by mass and,if mixed with resins,has fire retardant properties due to its release of nitrogen gas when burned or charred,and has several other industrial uses.Melamine is also a metabolite of cyromazine,a pesticide.Melamine combines
44、with cyanuric acid and related compounds to form melamine cyanurate and related crystal structures,which have been implicated as contaminants or biomarkers in Chinese protein adulterations.Melamine is described as“harmful if swallowed,inhaled or absorbed through the skin.Chronic exposure may cause c
45、ancer or reproductive damage,eye,skin and respiratory irritant”.三聚氰胺三聚氰胺Notestrade protectionism：Trade protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between states(countries)through methods such as tariffs on imported goods,restrictive quotas,and a variety of other government regulations
46、.Protectionist policies protect the producers,businesses and workers of the import-competing sector in a country from foreign competitors.According to proponents,these policies can counteract unfair trade practices,to allow fair competition between imports and goods and services produced domesticall
47、y.The doctrine of protectionism contrasts with the doctrine of free trade,where governments reduce as much as possible the barriers to trade.贸易保护主义贸易保护主义NotesFDA:The Food and Drug Administration(FDA or USFDA)is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services,one of the
48、United States federal executive departments.The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the control and supervision of food safety,tobacco products,dietary supplements,prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceutical drugs(medications),vaccines,biopharmaceuticals,blood
49、transfusions,medical devices,electromagnetic radiation emitting devices(ERED),cosmetics,animal foods&feed and veterinary products.The FDA has its headquarters in unincorporated White Oak,Maryland.(美国美国)食食品及药品管理局品及药品管理局NotesTaoism：also known as Daoism,is a religious or philosophical tradition of Chin
50、ese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao(道道,literally“Way”,also romanized as Dao).The Tao is a fundamental idea in most Chinese philosophical schools.道教道教Questions for the Text1.Whats the authors purpose of quoting the Chinese saying “if a mouse dropping goes into the soup,then the
