1、Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape E
2、cologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLands
3、cape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyxLandscape Ecology不同格局的空间自相关举例不同格局的空间自相关举例（空心（空心园园 表示表示0，实心，实心 1）A 完全负相关；完全负相关；B一定程度上负相关；一定程度上负相关；C 不相关或随机分布分布；不相关或随机分布分布；D 一定程度上的正相关；一
4、定程度上的正相关；E 很强的正相关；很强的正相关；F完全正相关。完全正相关。以自相关系数为纵坐标，样以自相关系数为纵坐标，样点间隔距离为横坐标所作的图称点间隔距离为横坐标所作的图称为自相关图（为自相关图（correlogram）,自自相关图可用来分析景观的空间结相关图可用来分析景观的空间结构特征，判别斑块的大小以及某构特征，判别斑块的大小以及某种格局出现的尺度。种格局出现的尺度。Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyzLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandsc
5、ape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyXzijk.Landscape E
6、cologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape Ecology 这些不同阶段所产生的误差还可能相互这些不同阶段所产生的误差还可能相互作用，不
7、断放大，即所谓的作用，不断放大，即所谓的误差繁衍误差繁衍（error propagation）现象。）现象。Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape Ecology思考题思考题 1.结合本章内容，概述所提到的景观空间分析方法。结合本章内容，概述所提到的景观空间分析方法。2.常用的景观指数有哪些？简述概念。常用的景观指数有哪些？简述概念。3.名词解释：名词解释：景观指数、空间的自相关性、结构方差、自相关阈值、可景观指数、空间的自相关性、结构方差、自相关阈值、可塑性面积单元问题、尺度效应、划区效应塑性面积单元问题、尺度效应、划区效应
