1、Unit 9Useful PhrasesBeginningIMain ContentII EndingIIIAcknowledgementsQuestionsV2Take-home MessageAdditional TipsAfter completing this section,you will be able tostructure your speech properly;obtain a starting point/set of guidelines for your presentation.3During the process of giving a presentatio
2、n,some useful phrases could be employed.The phrases not only give the presenter a starting point and set of guidelines to follow,but also indicate to the audience at which point the presentation has progressed to.These phrases,for example,can indicate that the speaker is at the beginning,ready to mo
3、ve on to the next topic,or is heading towards the end of the presentation4Take“Additionally”for an example,it can indicate to your audience that the information you are about to convey ties into what you have previously stated,and that you have not moved on to the next topic.This will help you maint
4、ain your audiences attention,and balance the overall flow of your presentation.5Part IBeginning61.BeginningThere are six important processes to note at the beginning of each presentation.They are:Welcoming the audience;Self-introduction;Introduction of your topic and why it is a topic of note;Brief
5、outline of your presentation;Indications that are about to begin presenting your information;Prediction for questions and answers.71.1 Welcoming the audienceThis is mainly to catch the audiences attention,marking the beginning of your presentation:Good morning ladies and gentleman,and thank you for
6、coming here today.Welcome fellow professors and friends;I am honored to be given the opportunity.81.2 Self-introductionA good self-introduction will let the audience know the most crucial parts of your background that relates directly to the presentation,and help you validate your information:Let me
7、 introduce myself.As you probably know,I am For those of you who dont know me,my name is.By now you should know my name but for those of you who didnt catch it earlier,I am I am and I represent in delivering todays presentation91.3 Introduction of your topic and why it is a topic of noteWhat is the
8、topic of your presentation?The topic of my presentation today is.The purpose of this presentation is to.What Id like to present to you today isMy objective is toAs you can see on the screen,my topic today is.The topic of todays meeting is.101.4 A brief outline of your presentationId like to give you
9、 a brief outline of my presentation.Here is the agenda for the meeting.My presentation consists of the following parts.The presentation is divided into four main sections.This part of the presentation can be ended by:111.4 A brief outline of your presentationSo,thats an overview of.This presentation
10、 is divided into five sections.The first section/Section 1 gives a brief overview of.The second section examines/analyses.In the third section a case study is presented/analyzed.121.5 Indication that you are about to begin presenting your informationI think that just about covers.Lets get the ball r
11、ollingShall we get started?So without further ado131.6 Prediction for questions and answersThere will be a Q&A session after the presentation.Please feel free to interrupt me if you have any questions.I will be happy to answer your questions at any time during the presentation after that we will loo
12、k at.,and finally Ill.If you have any questions youd like to ask,please leave them until the end,when Ill be happy to answer them.141.6 Prediction for questions and answersSome/Our conclusions are drawn in the final section,so please hold your questions until the end of the presentation.Problems/Que
13、stions/Issues regarding X are discussed in later sections.For reasons of time limitation,Y is not addressed/dealt with/considered in this presentation.15Part IIMain Content162.1 Obtaining audience attentionTo begin the content of a presentation,you can bait the audience by beginning with an interest
14、ing fact to capture their attention,for example:Did you know that.(70%of Americans still believe vaccines cause autism?)It is still a widespread misunderstanding that.(vitamins make you healthier)A less commonly known fact about bacteria is that.(they do not cause the flu)172.1 Obtaining audience at
15、tentionAlternative ways to capture the audiences attention would be using stories/anecdotes and asking rhetorical questions.This can provide the audience with food for thought throughout the presentation and make them feel involved in the general thought process:Why do you think the cure to cancer i
16、s not accessible to the public as of yet?A large percentage of children with this gene do not make it past a certain age.182.1 Obtaining audience attentionUseful phrase templates:What do you think is the most dangerous part of.Why do you think people from this group do not.192.2 Re-introduction of t
17、he chosen topicNext,re-introduce the topic.There are a few points to pay attention to,such as the significance of the topic and the target audience that it will relate the most to.Lets start withSo to kick off we are going to look atAs way of introduction we will begin withLets get down to business.
18、Now weve talked about Id like to talk about202.3 Re-establishing the importance of the topicThe following phrases can help in raising the audiences interest towards your topic in a professional and captivating manner:It is well known/generally accepted/common knowledge that X is.is increasingly beco
19、ming/set to become a vital factor in.are undergoing a revolution/generating considerable interest in terms of.are attracting considerable/increasing/widespread interest due to.has many uses/roles/applications in the field of.A striking/useful/remarkable feature of.The main/principal/fundamental char
20、acteristics of.are:212.3 Re-establishing the importance of the topicThe following phrases can help in raising the audiences interest towards your topic in a professional and captivating manner:.is the main/leading/primary/major cause of.are a common/useful/critical part of.are among the most widely
21、used/commonly discussed/well-known/well-documented/Widespread/commonly investigated types of.is recognized as being/believed to be/widely considered to be the most important.222.4 SourcesA good way to establish credibility of the information you provide is by stating the sources you have referenced,
22、while indicating the gap in knowledge and possible limitations,but be cautious not to delve too much to bore the audience:Many studies have been published on.X has been identified as beingIn recent years there has been growing interest inFew researchers have addressed the problem ofA common issue of
23、.X is still poorly/not widely understoodA major defect/disadvantage of X isThere is still much controversy surrounding.232.5 Making comparisonsTo further illustrate your topic,you can also compare the preliminary understanding regarding your field and the recent work and discoveries made,furthermore
24、 highlighting limitations:Initial/Preliminary work in this field focused primarily on.Some preliminary work was carried out in the early 1990s/several years ago.An increase in.was first noted/reported/found by.A recent review of the literature on this topic/subject/matter/area found that.242.5 Makin
25、g comparisonsTo further illustrate your topic,you can also compare the preliminary understanding regarding your field and the recent work and discoveries made,furthermore highlighting limitations:Several studies,for example/instance.,.,and.,have been carried out/conducted/performed on.More recent ev
26、idence shows/suggests/highlights/reveals/proposes that.s findings do not seem/appear to support his conclusions.is the major flaw in/drawback to/disadvantage of their experiments.252.6 Presenting a graph,chart or figureInformation from surveys,studies or experiments can be made easier to understand
27、if presented visually using bars,charts and graphs:Id like to illustrate this by showing you.As you can see on this graph.This chart clearly demonstrates that.This slides shows.This S-curve will give you a clearer picture.Giving more detail,.Id like to expand this aspect/problem/point.262.6 Presenti
28、ng a graph,chart or figureInformation from surveys,studies or experiments can be made easier to understand if presented visually using bars,charts and graphs:Would you like me to expand/elaborate on.(rhetorical question)Here are some facts and figures.The pie chart is divided into several partsThe n
29、umbers here have.(increased,decreased,gone up,gone down,etc.)The numbers change and go down(decrease)The numbers have remained stableSo,that concludes title of the section.272.7 Additional,but not entirely necessary informationA great way to retain the attention of your audience is to change topics
30、during the presentation.a short diversion,for example:Id like to turn to something completely differentWeve said enough about that so lets now discussNow lets look at something completely differentLets talk about an interesting factor that many people seem to overlookId like to digress here and just
31、 mention thatWhich brings me to an interesting point involving.I dont want to get sidetracked here,but I would like to point out that.By the way.282.8 Tying into a previously mentioned topicAt a point during the conversation,it may become useful to refer to a previously mentioned topic.Useful terms
32、to use to illustrate this are:Let me go back to what I said earlier,referring back to what I said earlier,As I mentioned earlierId like to move on to another part of the presentation.Now Id like to look at.For instance.292.8 Tying into a previously mentioned topicAt a point during the conversation,i
33、t may become useful to refer to a previously mentioned topic.Useful terms to use to illustrate this are:In addition.Moreover.This leads me to the next point.The product I present is extraordinary.Its a really cool device.This video is awesome.This is an outstanding example.30Part IIIEnding313.Ending
34、The ending of your presentation is the most important part,as it provides your audience with a lasting impact that remains a basis for the evaluation of your performance.Providing a brief recap,expressing personal opinions,and summarizing thought points are all components of concluding your presenta
35、tion,including providing information about applications and implications of your work and possible outcomes in the near future.After the Q&A session,finish your presentation with a final message for your audience to take home.323.1 Highlighting significant results and achievementsThe most striking/r
36、emarkable result to emerge from the data is that.Interestingly/Curiously/Remarkably/Inexplicably,this correlation is related to.Significantly/Importantly/Crucially/Critically,X is.The correlation between X and Y is interesting/of interest/worth noting/noteworthy/worthThe most surprising/remarkable/i
37、ntriguing correlation is with the.The single most striking/conspicuous/marked observation to emerge from the data comparison was.333.1 Highlighting significant results and achievementsOur research/This paper has highlighted/stressed/underlined the importance of.We have managed to do/succeeded in doi
38、ng/been able to do/found a way to do X.We have found an innovative/a new/a novel/a cutting-edge solution for.We have obtained accurate/satisfactory/comprehensive results proving/demonstrating/showing that.We have devised a methodology/procedure/strategy which.We have confirmed/provided further evide
39、nce/demonstrated that.343.2 Expressing opinions and probabilities;Discussions and ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge/As far as we know/We believe that no other authors have found thatIt would seem/appear that.Our findings would seem to show/demonstrate/suggest/imply that x=y.This factor may be r
40、esponsible/is probably responsible/could well be responsible for this result.Presumably/We hypothesize/I argue that this factor is.We believe that our method could be used/probably be usefully employed in.Our approach would lend itself well for use by/may be useful for.353.2 Expressing opinions and
41、probabilities;Discussions and ConclusionIn our opinion/view,this method could be used in.We believe/feel strongly that.There is evidence to suggest/support the hypothesis that.It is proposed/This may mean/It seems likely/It may be assumed that.This implies/suggests/would appear to indicate that.The
42、results point to the likelihood/probability that.There is a strong/definite/clear/good probability that.363.3 Highlighting limitations Our work clearly has some limitations.Nevertheless/Despite this we believe our work could be the basis/a framework/a starting point/a springboard forDespite the fact
43、 that there are/In spite of the fact that/Although there are limitations due to Y,we.The most important limitation lies in/is due to/is a result of the fact that The current study was limited by/unable to/not specifically designed to.373.3 Highlighting limitations The present study has only investig
44、ated/examined X.Therefore/Consequently.The project/analysis/testing/sampling was limited in several ways.First,.Finally,a number of potential limitations/weaknesses/shortfalls/shortcomings/weak points need to be considered.First,.However,given the small sample size,caution must be exercised/taken/us
45、ed/applied.The findings might not be transferable to/generalized to/representative of.The picture/situation is thus still incomplete.383.4 Summarizing Id like to recap the main points of my presentation.First I covered,then we talked about,finally we coveredNow Id like to sum up my main points which
46、/whereLets summarize briefly what weve looked at.In conclusion.Id like to recap393.4 Summarizing Id like to sum up the main pointsIn conclusion/In summary/In sum/To sum up,our workOur work has led us to conclude/the conclusion thatWe have presented/outlined/describedIn this paper/study/review we hav
47、eThis paper has investigated/explained/given an account of403.5 Outlining possible applications and implications of your workThis study is the first step/has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of.These observations have several/three main/many implications for research intoThis work h
48、as revealed/shown/highlighted/demonstrated/proved thatThe present findings might help to solve/have important implications for solving/suggest several courses of action in order to solve this problem.413.5 Outlining possible applications and implications of your workX is suitable for/has the potenti
49、al toOur method/technique/approach/procedure could be applied to.One possible/potential/promising application of our technique would be.Results so far have been very promising/encouraging and.This approach has the potential/requirements/characteristics/features to.423.6 Outlining the possible future
50、 of your findingsThe next decade is likely to see/witness a considerable rise in XIn the next few years X will become/is likely to have becomeWithin the next few years,X is set/destined/likely to become an important component in.Within the next ten years,X will have become.X will soon/shortly/rapidl
