1、翻译技巧翻译技巧(七七)反译法反译法(反面着笔法反面着笔法)v由于英汉表达习惯的巨大差异，英语中的肯定形式可以甚至必须译成汉语中的否定形式，而英语中的否定形式却宜译作汉语中的肯定形式，也就是使用“反译法反译法”，亦称作“反面着笔法反面着笔法”或“正反正反、反正译法反正译法”。v例如:“Wet Paint”v “Keep Upright!”v再如：v(1)“I have read your articles，but I expect to meet an older man。”v 原译：“我读过你的文章，但我料想会见到一个年纪更大的人。”v(2)Some of the items are goo
2、d;others might be better.v 原译：有些节目很好，有些应该更好些。v 11.1 肯定译作否定肯定译作否定 v11.1.1动词动词(短语短语)v11.1.2副词副词v11.1.3形容词形容词v11.1.4介词介词(短语短语)v11.1.5连词连词v11.1.6名词名词v11.1.7某些固定短语某些固定短语v11.1.8句子句子11.1.1动词动词(短语短语)v(3)I regret to learn that you have failed in the examination.v(4)The first bombs missed the target.v(5)Paint
3、ing is the most common way to protect metals from corrosion.v(6)The evidence is clear enough,excluding all possibilities of doubt.v(7)Water is a good lubricant，if you can devise a way to keep it from leaking out or evaporating v(8)The value of loss in this equation is so small that we can overlook i
4、t.v(9)An investment in the money market fund has tied up the money until the end ofthe term of the investment.v(10)To preserve the fiction，she refrained from scolding her child until the company left.11.1.2副词副词v(11)The world will be long forgetting their evil deeds.v(12)So far,experts have had about
5、 the same degree of success as stock market forecasters,which is to say they do badly.v(13)Time is what we want most，but what many use worst.v(14)Julia continued to look absently at the sea.v(15)Pure water hardly conducts an electric current at all,but it becomes a good conductor if salt is dissolve
6、d in it.11.1.3形容词形容词v(16)Our idea on the subject are still fluid.v(17)These official documents shall form an integral part of this contract.v(18)“It was the most influential private group，”says one of the founder members.v(19)It would be most disastrous if even a rumor of it were given out.v(20)Dece
7、ption is foreign to his nature.v(21)He seems very reluctant to give money away.v(22)That is only a marginal agreement.11.1.4介词介词(短语短语)v(23)It is beyond his power to sign such a contract.v(24)Out of sight,out of mind.v(25)It is out of the question for anyone to build a castle in the air.v(26)Both sid
8、es thought that the peace proposal was one they could accept with dignity.v(27)It will generally be found that the men who are habitually behind time are as habitually behind success.11.1.5连词连词v(28)Unless England improve their game，theyre going to lose the match.v(29)Youd better write down his addre
9、ss now before you forget it.v(30)Until she spoke I hadnt realized she was foreign.v(31)Work harder or youll never achieve your goal.v(32)They would rather go on with the experiment than give it up.11.1.6名词名词v(33)Shortness of time has required the omission of some states.v(34)In the absence of force,
10、a body will either remain at rest or continue to move with constant speed in a straight line.v(35)A lack of awareness of cultural differences or local customs can create problems.v(36)Politeness is not always the sign of wisdom，but the want of it always leaves room for the suspicion of folly.v(37)Sp
11、reads in the characteristics of the components made the system wasted.11.1.7某些固定短语某些固定短语v(38)The escaped criminal is still at large.v(39)When he missed the last bus,he was at a loss to know what to do.v(40)I am in the dark about the matter.v(41)The hotel was anything but satisfactory.v(42)The arrang
12、ement will suit you very well.Over the left.v(43)There are many energy sources in store.The problem has been to use the energy at a reasonable cost.11.1.8句子句子v(44)It is a good goose that is always dropping.v(45)Let me catch you at it again.v(46)His grandmother is already 80，but she carries her years
13、 lightly.v(47)I am wiser than to believe such stories.v(48)The shop assistant went out of his way to find what we needed.11.2否定译作肯定否定译作肯定v11.2.1 动词动词v11.2.2 副词副词v11.2.3 形容词形容词v11.2.4 名词名词v11.2.5短语短语v11.2.6句子句子11.2.1 动词动词v(49)They are now unprovided with the techniques necessary for the manufacturing
14、 of rags into paper.v(50)The mother gently disengaged her hand from that of her sleeping baby.v(51)The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations.v(52)How she longed to unsay her tactless words！v(53)The boss could fire any employee who had ever displeased him.11.2.2 副词副词v(54)I suppose
15、I was indirectly responsible for the whole thing.v(55)Mike believed that the Minister of Education had dishonorably resigned from office.v (56)Unfortunately，she hit upon a few shoals in translating that passage.11.2.3 形容词形容词v(57)APEC will have to be non-discriminatory and it will have to seek to be
16、open rather than closed in its approach.v(58)This bird is an unusual winter visitor to Britain.v(59)Smith is too indecisive to make a good leader.11.2.4 名词名词v(60)It was said that someone has sown discord among them.v(6 1)We w e r e p u z z l e d b y t h e s u d d e n disappearance of our guide.v (62
17、)There has been faultless disagreement between them over whether the dish is tasty.v(63)Bachman said the attack had brought disgrace on Germany.11.2.5短语短语v(64)There is nothing like mineral water to quench ones thirst.v(65)Her escape was nothing short of(being)miraculous.v(66)He meant to help，no doub
18、t，but in fact he has been a hindrance.v(67)He is no less active than he used to be.v(68)Theres no want of opportunities these days.11.2.6句子句子v(69)A book may be compared to your neighbor；if it be good，it cannot last too long;if bad，you cannot get rid of it too early.v(70)I would not put it past that
19、mean guy to stoop to cheating.v(71)For many years there was no closeness between the two countries.v(72)Knowledge about the most powerful problem solving tool man has ever developed is too valuable not to share.v反译法的使用须针对具体情况灵活掌握，不能一概而论。有些句子正译、反译皆可有些句子正译、反译皆可，两者并无实质性差别，究竟采用何种译法主要依据个人行文习惯或视具体的上下文而定。例如：v(73)Much to our regret the packing of the landed goods is quite different from that you have promised.v a.v b.v(74)We have found your terms and conditions agreeable.v a.v b.
