1、商务英语阅读商务英语阅读1 1Unit 8 Work and LifeContents 2.Text B 1.Text A 4.Reading Skills 3.Cultural TourLead-in Discussion1.Did you once find it more challenging than ever to juggle the demands of your job(or study)and the rest of your life?Describe your experience.Lead-in Discussion2.Who is responsible for w
2、ork-life balance of an employee,the employer or the employee himself?Why?Lead-in Discussion3.Do you have useful tips to better employees work-life balance?Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara.1-3Starting with a law case of companies being accused of overworking their employees,the issue of workli
3、fe balance is discussed:whose responsibility?Para.4-7Measures have been taken by some employers to ensure worklife balance,but they are not equally available to all the workers.Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara.8-11Opportunities offered to help female workers to balance work and life may be a
4、catch twenty-two for some females because of the existence of the maternal wall.Part I Words and Expressionsaccuse(para.1)vt.charge(a person etc.)with a fault or crime;indict 指责，指控，控告，起诉指责，指控，控告，起诉She accused them of murder.她控告他们谋杀。她控告他们谋杀。He was accused of stealing a car.他被指控盗窃汽车。他被指控盗窃汽车。Part I Wo
5、rds and Expressionsproactive（Para.4）adj.(of a person,policy,etc.)creating or controlling a situation by taking the initiative(人，政策等人，政策等)有有创造性的；采取主动的创造性的；采取主动的Proactive personality has significantpositive effects on innovative spirit ofemployees.前瞻性人格对员工的创新精神有显著的正向影响。前瞻性人格对员工的创新精神有显著的正向影响。Part I Wor
6、ds and Expressionsfoster(Para.4)vt.promote the growth or development of 促进促进.的成长或发展，助长，培养的成长或发展，助长，培养 They try to foster an enterprise culture of safety and security.他们努力培育一个安全和可靠的企业文化。他们努力培育一个安全和可靠的企业文化。Part II Words and Expressionsidiosyncratic(Para.5)adj.peculiar 具有特异体制的，特质的具有特异体制的，特质的 In fact,mo
7、dern mobile devices are not idiosyncratic consumer devices.实际上，现代的移动设备并非特质的消费设备。实际上，现代的移动设备并非特质的消费设备。Part I I Words and Expressionsaccess (Para.6)adj.the right or opportunity to reach,use,or visit;admittance 接触；接触；准入准入He was granted access to the prisoner.他得到许可他得到许可而接触囚犯。而接触囚犯。Part I I Words and Exp
8、ressionspertain(Para.7)vi.relate or have reference to 关于，有关联关于，有关联 After that,determine the compliance issues which pertain to your company.在此之后，确定一份有关你的公司的守则。在此之后，确定一份有关你的公司的守则。Part I I Words and Expressionsoccupational(Para.8)adj.of or in the nature of an occupation 职业的，工职业的，工作的作的And then of cours
9、e you have occupational exposures.然后当然你们还有职业的曝光。然后当然你们还有职业的曝光。Part I I Words and Expressionsopt（Para.9）vi.select as an alternative;choose instead;prefer as an alternative 选择选择These are the clothes which you can opt for.这些是这些是可供你选择的衣服。可供你选择的衣服。In many cases,however,people opt not to publish the infor
10、mation at all.然而，在许多情况下，人们选择根本不发布信息。然而，在许多情况下，人们选择根本不发布信息。Part I I Words and Expressionsmarginalize(Para.9)vt.make or treat as insignificant 使处于次要地位，使处于次要地位，忽视忽视 Dont marginalize the online tools that are available.不要忽视可利用的工具。不要忽视可利用的工具。Part III Words and Expressionsmaternal(Para.11)adj.characterist
11、ic of a mother;relating to or derived from ones mother 母亲的，母性的，母系的，母亲的，母性的，母系的，母体遗传的母体遗传的Through maternal attachment,we begin to learn who we are and what we feel and to acquire the ability to interact with others.通过与母亲的联接我们开始了解我们是谁，我们通过与母亲的联接我们开始了解我们是谁，我们有什么感觉，获得与其他人进行互动的能力。有什么感觉，获得与其他人进行互动的能力。Part
12、 III Words and Expressionscommitment(Para.11)n.an engagement or(esp.finacial)obligation that restricts freedom of action 承诺；承诺；（尤指财政义（尤指财政义务）务）To do this,we must have commitment at the highest level of government.要做到这一点，我们必须获得政府最高层的承诺。要做到这一点，我们必须获得政府最高层的承诺。Part I NotesEssi Systems(Para.2):Essi Syste
13、ms,Inc.is a human capital solutions company specializing in reducing employer healthcare cost and improving performance with proven ROI.Essi uses behavior change,mapping technologies and brain science research to deliver services that increase employee productivity,motivation and satisfaction and he
14、lp employees and companies achieve exceptional growth and performance.Essis solutions are used by Fortune 500 and Global 2000 companies in 30 countries.It covers many areas such as Building Resiliency,Culture Change,Leading with Emotional Intelligence,Team Realignment,Leadership and Talent Managemen
15、t.莱西系统公司莱西系统公司Part I NotesKenexa Research Institute(Para.3)：It is a leading provider of recruitment and retention solutions,offering a full line of HR products and services to companies.As part of IBM Smarter Workforce,its aim is to gain analytic insights and engage employees to perform their best.J
16、ack W.Wiley,PhD,is founder and executive director of the Kenexa Research Institute.Dr.Wiley is recognized internationally for groundbreaking research that links employee survey results to measures of customer satisfaction and business performance.肯耐珂萨研究机构肯耐珂萨研究机构Part II Notescatch twenty-two(Para.8)
17、：Catch 22 is a paradox in which the attempt to escape makes escape impossible,and it is one of the most widely misused expressions.It originated from the title of Joseph Hellers novel,written in 1953 and published in 1961,(properly titled“Catch-22”-with a hyphen).The paradox is presented as the trap
18、 that confined members of the US Air Force.It might be described logically as,“damned if you do and damned if you dont”,“the vicious circle”,“a chicken and egg situation”,or“heads I win,tails you lose”.左右为难之境左右为难之境Part II Notes maternal wall(Para.11)：The maternal wall is a term referring to stereoty
19、pes and various forms of discrimination encountered by working mothers and mothers seeking employment.Women hit the maternal wall when they encounter workplace discrimination because of past,present,or future pregnancies or because they have taken one or more maternity leaves.Maternal wall discrimin
20、ation is not limited to childcare responsibilities.Both men and women withPart II Notes caregiving responsibilities,such as taking care of a sick parents or spouse,may also result in maternal wall discrimination.As such,maternal wall discrimination is also described as family responsibilities discri
21、mination.母性围墙母性围墙Part I Questions1.Why have some employers seen worklife balance as a benefit to them?It is because those employees who are more favourable toward their organizations efforts to support worklife balance also indicate a much lower intent to leave the organization,greater pride in thei
22、r organization,a willingness to recommend it as a place to work and higher overall job satisfaction,which is beneficial to the development of the company.Part I I Questions2.How do you understand the idiosyncratic psychological contract built between the employee and his direct supervisor?Whats its
23、function regarding work-life balance?Sometimes an idiosyncratic psychological contract is built between the employee and his direct supervisor in organizations,the purpose of which is to create an“informal deal”regarding work-life balance.These“deals”support the idea of a constructivist approach inc
24、luding both the employer and the employee,based on a give-and-take situation for both of them.But the employees cannot really enjoy such benefits.Part I I Questions3.Why are the opportunities or part-time options regarded as a catch twenty-two by some female employees?Are the options really“occupati
25、onal dead end”for them?Even when the option to work part-time is available,some female employees may not take advantage of it because they do not want to be marginalized,for these positions typically receive less interesting and challenging assignments.Taking these assignments and working part-time
26、may hinder advancement and growth in their career,and theese options really“occupational dead end”for them.Part III Questions4.If you were a boss in a company,what measures would you take to ensure work-life balance of your employees?Answers are open,encoraging students to search for relevant inform
27、ation in company management.Part III Questions5.Who else is responsible for the employees work-life balance?Why?It is held in Text A that the chief responsibility for reducing stress and keeping work-life balance for the employees should be management.But the employees themselves,their families and
28、even the government should also be responsible,because it is a complicated matter involving individual employees,company management,official measures and social systems.Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara.1-4The lymphoma diagnosis of Mr.Kai-Fu Lee has led some Chnese business people to re-evalua
29、te their aggressive pursuit of wealth and success.Para.5-17Chinese have to work long hours just to get by,and it is an unhealthy lifestyle choice for many middle-class people.Para.18-22As China gets richer and its population ages,goals have started to shift,and some executives have stepped off the c
30、orporate ladder,with Mr.William Wang taken as an example.Words and Expressionsdisclosure n.the act of making something evident；the process of being disclosed 揭发，揭露，透露；揭发，揭露，透露；败露败露All markets should have standards for stability and a mechanism for disclosure.所有市场都必须建立所有市场都必须建立稳定性标准和信息披露机制。稳定性标准和信息披露
31、机制。Words and Expressionsre-evaluate vt.revise or renew ones assessment;evaluate again or differently 重估重估Its time to think about what has happened and re-evaluate the situation.是时候重新思考已经发生的状况，并对状况重新是时候重新思考已经发生的状况，并对状况重新评估。评估。Words and Expressionsaggressive adj.characteristic of an enemy or one eager
32、 to fight;having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends 侵略性的，好斗的；有进取侵略性的，好斗的；有进取心的心的He assumed the style of an aggressive go-getter.他具有一个积极进取的、有冲劲和进取心的人的他具有一个积极进取的、有冲劲和进取心的人的风度。风度。Words and Expressionscompliance n.acting according to certain accepted standards,for example a law,
33、treaty,or agreement 遵从遵从 Inspectors were sent to visit nuclear sites and verify compliance with the treaty.监察员被派去参观核址并核实条约的遵守情况。监察员被派去参观核址并核实条约的遵守情况。Words and Expressionslymphoma n.a neoplasm of lymph tissue that is usually malignant;one of the four major types of cancer 肿瘤肿瘤 淋巴瘤淋巴瘤The organization
34、raises money for leukemia and lymphoma research.那组织为白血病和淋巴瘤研究筹集资金。那组织为白血病和淋巴瘤研究筹集资金。Words and Expressionsdiagnosis n.the identification of a disease by means of a patients symptoms诊断诊断The doctor was out in his diagnosis.医生诊断错了。医生诊断错了。Words and Expressionsresonate vi.produce or show resonance;resound
35、 共鸣，共振；共鸣，共振；回荡，回响回荡，回响A child reared in a family of musicians may all hisher life resonate to song and dance.在音乐世家里养大的孩子可能一生之中对歌舞都在音乐世家里养大的孩子可能一生之中对歌舞都有共鸣。有共鸣。Words and Expressionsrepudiation n.rejecting or disowning or disclaiming as invalid;refusal to acknowledge or pay a debt or honor a contract
36、(especially by public authorities)否认，否认，拒绝；抛弃，断绝关系拒绝；抛弃，断绝关系It is,in fact,a repudiation of the very goals he has established.实际上，这个预算方案抛弃了他竞选时期树立的实际上，这个预算方案抛弃了他竞选时期树立的所有目标。所有目标。Words and Expressionsculprits n.someone who perpetrates wrongdoing 犯人，罪犯人，罪犯；被控犯罪的人犯；被控犯罪的人 Much of our excess fructose com
37、es from HFCS found in a host of foods,from obvious offenders like soda and candy to more surprising culprits like bread and cereal.毋庸置疑，果糖摄入过剩的罪魁祸首是很多食毋庸置疑，果糖摄入过剩的罪魁祸首是很多食物中都含有的物中都含有的HFCS，很明显，汽水、糖果这些，很明显，汽水、糖果这些都是从犯，但最令人吃惊的是，面包和谷类食都是从犯，但最令人吃惊的是，面包和谷类食物竟然也是帮凶。物竟然也是帮凶。Words and Expressionsdelegate n.a
38、 person appointed or elected to represent others 代表代表 vt.transfer power to someone,give an assignment to(a person)to a post,or assign a task to(a person)委派委派.为代表为代表They drafted him to serve as their delegate.他们选他们选派他做他们的代表。派他做他们的代表。Should I delegate this task or just say no all together?我应该把这个任务委托给别
39、人，还是直接拒绝？我应该把这个任务委托给别人，还是直接拒绝？Words and Expressionsoutsource vt.to contract work out 把把.外包外包 Why not outsource the design of your personal website,the building of your deck or reservations for your vacation?为什么为什么不把你的个人网站不把你的个人网站设计、铺设计、铺地板，或假期地板，或假期预定这些事情外包出去呢？预定这些事情外包出去呢？Words and Expressionsequity
40、 n.the ownership interest of shareholders in a corporation普通股；抵押资产的净值普通股；抵押资产的净值Do you plan to go for debt or equity financing?你是打算进行债务融资还是股权融资？你是打算进行债务融资还是股权融资？Words and Expressionstrailing n.the pursuit(of a person or animal)by following tracks or marks they left behind 尾随，后面尾随，后面Theres a line fee
41、d there,and there might be some trailing spaces.这里有一个换行，因此可能有一些尾随的空格。这里有一个换行，因此可能有一些尾随的空格。NotesGoogle：Google is a Web search engine owned by Google,Inc.,and is the most used search engine on the Web,related to its Internet search,e-mail,online mapping,office productivity,social networking,and video
42、sharing services as well as selling advertising-free versions of the same technologies.谷歌搜索引擎谷歌搜索引擎NotesMindquest Group:Mindquest Group aims to enable positive evolution in individuals and organisations,on a mission to help people of all ages to grow,face challenges and thrive,and increase their wel
43、lbeing to lead calmer,happier,and more fulfilling lives.The Mindquest Team of practitioners apply the science of Positive Psychology to empower people to develop their innate-strengths and keys to optimal human functioning to develop into who they have the potential to be.智酷集团智酷集团NotesRegus:Regus is
44、 a multinational corporation that provides a global workplace.Founded in Brussels,Belgium,in 1989,Regus is based in Luxembourg City,Luxembourg,has 6,500 employees,is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.In 1994 Regus entered Asia with its first center in Bei
45、jing.Regus and its brands(HQ and Regus Express)provide serviced offices,virtual offices,meeting rooms,and videoconferencing to clients on a contract basis.雷格斯集团公司雷格斯集团公司NotesMercer：Mercer Human Resource Consulting is the worlds largest human resources consulting firm.Headquartered in New York City,M
46、ercer has more than 20,500 employees,is based in more than 40 countries,and operates internationally in more than 130 countries.Mercer is a subsidiary of global professional services firm Marsh&McLennan.美世咨询公司美世咨询公司NotesPricewaterhouseCoopers：PricewaterhouseCoopers(doing business as PwC)is a multina
47、tional professional services network headquartered in London,United Kingdom.It is the second largest professional services firm in the world,and is one of the Big Four auditors,along with Deloitte,EY and KPMG.普华永道会计师事务所普华永道会计师事务所NotesGeneral Motors：General Motors Company,commonly known as GM,is an A
48、merican multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit,Michigan,that designs,manufactures,markets,and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts,and sells financial services.Current auto brands are Buick,Cadillac,Chevrolet,GMC,Holden,and Wuling.The company was founded by William C.Durant on Septembe
49、r 16,1908 as a holding company.通用汽车公司通用汽车公司Questions for the Text1.What does the story of Mr.Kai-Fu Lee tell people?What are the main reasons for more and more people diagnosed with cancer in China nowadays?The story of Mr.Kai-Fu Lee tells people that the work-comes-first mentality driving so many C
50、hinese business people is not good for health,and people who were and have been driven much should adjust their routines to keep work-life balance.Research shows that pollution and unhealthy lifestyles are among the main reasons for more and more people diagnosed with cancer in China nowadays.Questi
