1、Noun clauses1.This is the most expensive watch that Ive ever owned.2.Please dont talk so loud while others are working.3.Just as the two men were leaving,a message arrived.5.You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.7.Bogart starred in the film Casablanca,which was made in
2、1942.8.The cup which you bought is broken.4.The reason for my lateness is that I missed my bus.9.There is some doubt whether he will be elected chairman of the meeting.10.What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.6.I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.Noun clauses?4.The reason for my
3、lateness is that I missed my bus.9.There is some doubt whether he will be elected chairman of the meeting.10.What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.6.I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.subject clause?Whatever was said here must be kept secret.Whoever makes mistakes must correct t
4、hem.Whom we must serve is a question of vital importance.Who cant rule himself cant rule a state.It is no wonder that youve achieved such a great success.It is suggested that the work(should)be done with great care.It has not been decided yet whether/if he will cut down his novel.1._surprised me mos
5、t was that the little girl could play the violin so well.2._will go to the concert is not known.3._ she was chosen made us very happy.4._she will come or not is still a question.5._ book they will choose is still unknown.6._ we shall hold our sports meet is not decided.7.Its strange _ he knows nothi
6、ng about it.WhatWhoThatWhetherWhichWhenthat名词性从句连接词的用法定义定义在句子中起名词作用的从句在句子中起名词作用的从句类型类型主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句连接词连接词连词连词that,whether,if 连接代词连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever 连接副词连接副词when,where,how,why1.what引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中充当主语、宾引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用，而且
7、在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如：语、表语、定语等。如：He gave me a practical illustration of what was to be done.As a friend of yours,I want to tell you what I hear.Is the city much different from what it was ten years ago?Give me what books you have on the subject.2.含义：1.I dont know what happened.2.ThisiswhattheycallSal
8、tLakeCity.3.Whatyouhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.4.Heisnolongerwhathewas.5.Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago.6.Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.7.He said what fun it was.什么.的地方.的事.的人、样子.的数目.的时间多么that引导名词性从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分。如：That Shelley became a poet may have been due t
9、o his mothers influence.She always complains that he is down on her.What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.Andrew had a warm desire that the conversation might continue.that 表肯定，无疑问，不缺主，宾，表成分，无意义whether/if1）whether引导的主语从句可位于句首或句尾，而if不能引导位于句首的主语从句。如：Whether it will do us harm or good rem
10、ains to be seen.It makes no difference whether/if he comes or not.2）whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if则不能。如：The question is whether he will come.There is still doubt whether the experiment will be a success.3）whether可引导介词后的宾语从句，if则不能。如：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.4）whether后可直接跟or not，if则不能。如：It r
11、emains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.表是否，有疑问，不缺主，宾，表 都用whether I dont know who you are looking for.Im not sure which he prefers.I dont know when he will take his last exam.June is when he will take his last exam.I dont know where he was born.He went back to where he wa
12、s born.Why they left the county is a secret.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.Thats why I got wet through.I dont know how you did it.He said how boring it was.定义定义在句子中起名词作用的从句类型类型主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句连接词连接词连词that,whether,if 连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever 连接副词
13、when,where,how,why1._ our womens volleyball team won the match made us excited.2._ impressed me most during the trip to Yunnan was its colorful cultures.3.Look at the tallest building over there!That is_ my father works.4.The advertisement tries to spread the belief _ people can be happy if they buy
14、 the“right”products.5.Children may not fully understand COVID-19,or know_ serious it is,but their lives are affected.6.Now,the only question is _ we can get to school on time.7._ you can succeed or not mainly depends on how hard you work at it.8._ will do the job has not been decided yet;ThatWhatwhe
15、rethathowwhetherWhetherWhoYou could get into a situation _you have to decide immediately.难点一定语从句与名词性从句中的同位语从句There is some doubt _ he will be elected chairman of the meeting.wherewhether定语从句与名词性从句中的同位语从句同位语从句和定语从句一样通常都放在由名词充当的先行词后面,且其先行词和关联词特点与定语从句先行词及关联词特点十分相似,极易混淆,不过两者的区别还是十分明显的。thatwhichwhowhomwh
16、oseaswhenwherewhythat,whether,ifwhat,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whicheverwhen,where,how,why定语从句同位语从句1.从句性质不同同位语从句属于名词性从句,是用来进一步解释或补充说明前面的名词;而定语从句是用来说明先行词的性质或特征,起修饰或限制的作用,与先行词的关系是修饰与被修饰的关系,从句相当于形容词。2.同位语从句经常用于下列有限的几个词后：hope（希望），idea（想法），news（消息），order（命令），fact（事实），question（问题），rea
17、son（理由），belief（相信），doubt（怀疑），evidence（根据），conclusion（结论），truth（真理），result（结果）等。3.引导词that在同位语从句中不作句子成分；而在定语从句中必作句子成分，是从句所修饰的词的替代词。The fact that the Chinese people invented the compass is known to allThe fact that we talked about is very important4.what,how,whether等不能用引导定语从句，但可用于引导同位语从句。This is the fa
18、ctory which we visited last monthWe know the fact which money talks.Which sentence is wrong?This is an old computer that works much slower.Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.where难点二(whatever,whichever,whoever)He does whatever she asks him to do.她
19、要他做什么，他就做什么。Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚。Ill give the ticket to whoever wants it.请想要这票，我就把它给谁。Whichever team gains the most points wins.哪个队得分最多，哪个队就赢。_ comes first isnt known._ comes first can get a ticket.whatever 和 whoever 的意思是“无论什么”“无论谁”用所引导的不是疑问句式，而是表示假设条件的句子，而who，what
20、是疑问词，分别提问“谁”“什么”WhoWhoeverwhat=the thing(s)which 为特指概念。whatever=anything that 为泛指概念，用于非肯定语境。本句中主句谓语为一般过去时，表示确实发生的事件，为肯定语境，故不能用anything that.what/whatever I took _ was left in the bag.what_happens will never change my heart.He told me _had happened to him on the island.Whateverwhat1.What puzzles Lily
21、s friends is _she always has so many crazy ideas.2.You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is_I disagree.whywhere1.I was born in New Orleans，Louisiana，a city_name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.2.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Pala
22、ce.3.Make a mark _you have a question.4.That factory _makes computers is far away from here.5.Polly didnt know _way she should go.6.The question is _will come to help us.7.It was good news _everyone got back safely.whosewhich/that wherethat which whothat长难句理解（含名词性从句）1.Science is advancing so fast an
23、d is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference.科学进步如此之快，受商业影响如此之深，以至于会让我们认为，可能无论我科学进步如此之快，受商业影响如此之深，以至于会让我们认为，可能无论我们做出何种决定都没有什么作用。们做出何种决定都没有什么作用。2.Leif followed Biarnis directions and sailed to what is believed to be
24、the coast of present-day Canada.利夫跟随比阿尼的方向，航行到了被认为是现在的加拿大的海岸的地方。利夫跟随比阿尼的方向，航行到了被认为是现在的加拿大的海岸的地方。3.People in agricultural areas,without any means to earn their living,move to the cities,and then construct shabby homes from whatever materials they can find on poor clay soil.农业地区的人口因为没有办法谋生而流向城市，他们在贫瘠的
25、土地上农业地区的人口因为没有办法谋生而流向城市，他们在贫瘠的土地上用可以找到的任何材料搭建起破烂的房屋。用可以找到的任何材料搭建起破烂的房屋。4.The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.I went to the American embassy（美国大使馆）to seek help.5.The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.姑娘们告诉他，她们是坐火车来旅游的，要横穿加拿大，在蒙特利尔只待姑娘们告诉他，她们是坐火车来旅游的，要横穿加拿大，在蒙特利尔只待一天。一天。事实上，我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原事实上，我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。我上美国大使馆求助。因了。我上美国大使馆求助。
