1、现在完成时 The Present Perfect TenseContents现在完成时的构成过去分词的变化规则现在完成时的用法现在完成时的标志词一般过去时vs现在完成时have been to和have gone to I have already brushed my teeth.过去分词过去分词肯定句：主语+have/has+done否定句：主语+have/has+not+done疑问句：Have/Has+主语+doneYes,主+have/has.No,主+havent/hasnt.现在完成时的构成He has finished his homework.He has not fini
2、shed his homework.Has he finished his homework?Yes,he has./No,he hasnt.My parents have been to the USA.My parents havent been to the USA.Have your parents been to the USA?Yes,they have./No,they havent.1.直接加-ed,如：worked2.不发音-e结尾,加d,如：hoped3.辅音+y结尾的，把y变i加ed,如：carried4.重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母+ed,如：stopped过去分词的变
3、化规则规则变化：AAA型（原形，过去式，过去分词三种形式都一样）cost-cost-cost hit-hit-hitput-put-put read-read-readABB型（过去式与过去分词相同）buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caughtfind-found-found have-had-hadABA型（原形与过去分词相同）come-came-come become-became-becomeABC型（三种都不一样）do-did-done go-went-gonetake-took-taken write-wrote-writtenpast now futu
4、re 对现在有影响对现在有影响Yesterday,they cleaned the classroom.Now,the classroom is clean because they have cleaned it.用法用法1强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。现在完成时的用法1.I saw this film last week.Now,I know this film because I have seen it before.2.I did my homework yesterday.Now,I can give it to the tea
5、cher because I have done it.3.She had breakfast in the morning.Now,she is not hungry because she has had breakfast.用法一：强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。用法一：强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。现在完成时的用法过去发生的动作一直过去发生的动作一直延续延续到现在。到现在。past now future I began to teach English at this school three years ago.I have taught English at
6、this school for three years.现在完成时的用法1.She is a doctor.She began to work when she was 20.Now,she is 28.She has worked for eight years.2.They went to London last Saturday.Today is Saturday.They have stayed in London since last Saturday.现在完成时的用法用法二：强调过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。用法二：强调过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。现在完成时的标志词already
7、 “已经”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。I have already read this book.She has already finished her homework.yet“仍然，还”用在疑问句和否定句中，放在句末。I havent read this book yet.Have you had breakfast yet?ever “曾经”通常用于疑问句和肯定句中,放在句中。I have ever seen this film.Have you ever been to the USA?never “从来不”,放在句中,表示否定。Is he famous?I have never h
8、eard of him.She has never been to Canada.just “刚刚”用在陈述句中,放在句中。I have just bought a novel.She has just had dinner.before “以前”用在完成时中，放在句末。have never read this kind of books before.Have you been to Shanghai before?标志词：标志词：since&forfor+时间段时间段for 2 yearsfor a long timesince+时间点时间点since 2 years agosince 1
9、998since last weeksince she came to the schoolThe young teacher has worked at this school for 2 years.(since two years ago)用用for和和since填空。填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforforforforforsi
10、ncesincesincesincesincesincesince1.I have been here 5 weeks.2.Hes studied English 3 years.3.I have been here 2000.4.Theyve lived in Shanghai they married in 2000.5.She has worked 10 hours.6.He has worked as a lawyer 5 years ago.forforforsincesincesince对对for或或since引导的时间状语提问用引导的时间状语提问用how longHes stud
11、ied English for 3 years.How long has he studied English?Theyve lived in Shanghai since they married in 2000.How long have they lived in Shanghai?1.现在完成时可与现在完成时可与recently（最近）（最近）,so far（到目前（到目前为止）为止）,in the past（在过去）（在过去）in the last few years(在在过去的几年）过去的几年）up to now（直到现在）等时间状语连（直到现在）等时间状语连用。用。2.现在完成时
12、可现在完成时可与与 once,twice,three times,several times 等表重复次数的词语连用。等表重复次数的词语连用。一般过去时vs现在完成时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态1.过去的动作对现在产生的影响；2.过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。与现在无联系与现在有联系标志词：yesterday,last week,two years ago,in the past,just now.标志词：already,yet,just,recently,ever,for+时间段，since+时间点I have borrowed the book
13、 for six months.XI have kept the book for six months.非延续性动词延续性动词下面两句话有一句是错误的，快来找出来它非延续性动词延续性动词 buyhaveborrowkeepend/finishbe over begin/startbe oncome/go be(in)leavebe awaydiebe deadput onweararrive/get/reachbe(in)joinbe in开始结束死买卖来去借入不离开到达穿上就参加for,since,how long要跟延续性动词连用1.How long have your parents
14、_?For about 15 years.A.left their hometown B.got to Jinan C.joined the ping-pong club D.worked in this city2.How long have you _?For almost ten years.A.owned this garden B.bought this car C.arrived in Shanghai D.come to this town3.How long has your sister_?For nearly three months.A.borrowed the book
15、 B.become a teacher C.got to Jinan D.kept the bikeDDA 4.I have waited for the bus for twenty minutes.(划线部分提问)_ _ have you waited for the bus?5.Susan has been a volunteer in the hospital for three years.(划线部分提问)_ _ has Susan been a volunteer in the hospital?6.Bill has made some new friends here.（改为一般
16、疑问句）_Bill _ _new friends here?How longHow longHas made any找规律She has never been to London.-Have you ever been to London？-Yes,I have been there twice.We have been to London,and it is wonderful there.去过且已经回来有表示频率的词：never,ever,twice有评价性的话语:That place is wonderful,beautiful,awful.have been to和have gone
17、to 找规律She has gone to the park,and she will be back in two hours.Tom has gone to Mikes home,but he hasnt come back.去而未归，主语一般是第三人称。have been to和have gone to 1.Where is Tom?Do you know?I think he _to the library.A has gone B goes C has been D wentA2.Is Tom at home?No,he_ to town.A.has been B.has gone C.goes D.will goB
