1、 Unit 1Festivals around the worldRivision要要 点点 梳梳 理理高效梳理高效梳理知识备考知识备考重点单词重点单词1 vi.&vt.(使使)饿死；饿得要死饿死；饿得要死 n饿死饿死2 n起源；由来；起因起源；由来；起因 adj.原来的原来的3 n宗教宗教 adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的的4 n信任；信心；信仰信任；信心；信仰5 vt.获得；得到获得；得到6 n独立；自主独立；自主 adj.独立的；自主独立的；自主的的starvestarvationoriginoriginalreligionreligiousbeliefga
2、inindependenceindependentReviewReview7 vt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集搜集；集合；聚集8 adj.农业的；农艺的农业的；农艺的 n农业；农农业；农艺；农学艺；农学9 n奖；奖品奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定授予；判定10 vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕赞美；钦佩；羡慕 n羡慕羡慕11 adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的 n能量；精力能量；精力12 n习惯；风俗习惯；风俗13 n许可；允许许可；允许 vt.允允许许n.许可证；执照许可证；执照gatheragriculturalagricultureawardadmireadmirati
3、onenergeticenergycustompermissionpermit14 vi.道歉；辩白道歉；辩白 n道歉道歉15 n悲哀；悲伤悲哀；悲伤 adj.悲哀的；悲伤的悲哀的；悲伤的16 adj.明显的；显而易见的明显的；显而易见的17 vt.原谅；饶恕原谅；饶恕 n原谅原谅 adj.宽恕的；宽容的宽恕的；宽容的apologizeapologysadnesssadobviousforgiveforgivenessforgiving1.发生、产生发生、产生2.纪念纪念 3.盛装盛装,打扮打扮4.开某人的玩笑开某人的玩笑5.引领某人回引领某人回到到6.整天整天 Read and find t
4、he phrases in the text.ReviewReviewtake placein memory ofdress upplay a trick onlead sb.back today and night7.好象好象8.和和玩得开心玩得开心9.期望、期待期望、期待 10.获得独立获得独立11.呈呈形状形状12.用用装饰装饰13.聚会，聚集聚会，聚集14.沉沉溺于；埋头溺于；埋头于于as though/as ifhave fun with sb.look forward togain independencein the shape ofdecorate with get toget
5、herbe drowned in重点句型重点句型1Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。2At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.在当时在当时，如果食物难以找如果食物难以找到到，人们就会挨饿人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬季特别是在寒冷的冬季。3The country,covered with c
6、herry tree flowers,looks as though it is covered with pink snow.整个国度到处是盛开的樱花整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。4It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开We have _ of festivals.Ancient people held festivals and celebra
7、tions to celebrate the end of winter or the catching of animals.Some festivals are in _ of the ancestors.They light lamps,play music on an important feast day,offering good things to the dead.People hold festivals to _ famous people.The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous _ Qu Yuan.plent
8、y poethonour memory Retell the text by filling the following blanks.Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals are held in many countries.People _ churches,get together,have meals or win awards for competitions.On Mid-Autumn Festival people _ the moon and have moon cakes.Chinese New Year is an _ and importa
9、nt festival.People look _ to _ up,eating dumplings,giving children lucky money in red paper,playing dragon dances.The celebration of the lunar New Year may take _ throughout the country,day and night.decorate energetic forward dressing place admire 1.Festivals are meant to celebrate important times
10、of year.mean v.1)打算打算,意欲意欲(+to-v)I mean her no harm.Do you mean to go without money?He means to cause trouble.2)意谓着意谓着;有有.的意义的意义(+that从句从句/+v-ing)What does the sentence mean?This new project means that well have no time to go on a trip.mean to do 打算做打算做 mean doing 意味着意味着.He meant to find a job in Sh
11、anghai,but finally he went to Hangzhou.Missing the bus means waiting for another two hours.meaning n.意义意义,意思意思,含义含义 meaningful adj.意义深长的意义深长的,有意义的有意义的1).成功意味着工作努力。成功意味着工作努力。Success means working hard.2).这个标志表示此路不通。这个标志表示此路不通。The sign means that the road is blocked.3).你打算把它怎样处理你打算把它怎样处理?What do you m
12、ean to do with it?PracticePractice 2.Discuss when they take place,take place,happen,break out的比较的比较 take place 指经过安排的事情指经过安排的事情 happen 偶然发生，碰巧发生偶然发生，碰巧发生 break out 灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发The World War _ in 1914.The football match will _ tomorrow.A terrible traffic accident _ last night.broke outt
13、ake placehappened3.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather,planting in spring and harvest in autumn.1）本句中的）本句中的the end of the cold weather，planting in spring和和 harvest in autumn均作均作celebrate的宾语。的宾语。2）would用在此处表示过去的习惯、习性、用在此处表示过去的习惯、习性、倾向等，意思是倾向等，意思是“过去常常过去常常”，常与，常与often,fr
14、equently,sometimes,for hours等连用，且动等连用，且动词常用终止性的。词常用终止性的。1)will（would的现在时）可以表示现在或的现在时）可以表示现在或当前的习惯性、经常性、倾向性，常译当前的习惯性、经常性、倾向性，常译成成“惯于、总是惯于、总是”。如：。如：He will sit for hours reading.2)used to 也表示也表示“过去常常过去常常”，但其隐含但其隐含义为义为“过去常常做某事，而现在已经不过去常常做某事，而现在已经不这么做了这么做了”。I used to get up early in the morning when I w
15、as still a high school student.知识拓展知识拓展4.At that time people would starve if food starve v.(1)挨饿，挨饿，饿死饿死 The explorers starved to death in the desert.(2)缺乏，缺乏，渴望获得某事物渴望获得某事物(+for/+to-v)The homeless children were starving for love.(3)感觉饿感觉饿 When will the dinner be ready?Im starving.starvation n.挨饿；饥饿
16、挨饿；饥饿 die of starvation 饿死饿死 5.should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.in memory of sb.作为某人的纪念作为某人的纪念,纪念某人纪念某人 (=to the memory of sb.)They will build a monument in memory of the national hero.We named the lake Rebecca in memory of her.The Dragon Boat Festival is to t
17、he memory of Qu Yuan.in memory of短语中短语中 memory 前不用冠前不用冠词，类似结构的词组还有：词，类似结构的词组还有：in honor of 纪念纪念 in front of 在在 前面前面 in place of 代替代替 in possession of 拥有拥有,持有持有 in need of 需要需要 in favor of 赞同赞同/有利于有利于1).My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it.(2006 陕陕西卷西卷)A.in favour of B.in mem
18、ory of C.in honour of D.in search of2).为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部 电影即将开拍。电影即将开拍。(memory)(2009 上海上海)A film will be made/shot in memory of those brave fire fighters.A高考真题高考真题6.,people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes in the shape of 呈现某种形状呈现某种形状,以某种形式以某种形式The roses are placed in the sha
19、pe of heart.The end of the performance show is in the shape of Happy New Year.in the form of 用用的形式的形式 in the name of 以以的名义，凭的名义，凭；假；假借借的名义的名义7.they can dress up and go to their.dress up 穿上盛装穿上盛装,打扮打扮 Dont bother to dress up;come as you are.She dressed up in Elizabethan costume for the fancy-dress ba
20、ll.Gates dressed up as Father Christmas.Most people liked to dress up for Spring Festival.dress作及物动词时作及物动词时,不接不接clothesclothes之类的表示之类的表示衣服的名词衣服的名词,而是接表示人的句词或代词而是接表示人的句词或代词,意意思是思是“给给穿衣服穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时。当表示自己穿衣服时,则用反身代词。则用反身代词。如：如：Wake up children and dress them.dress的过去分词常用来构成的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与与be
21、dressed短语短语,前者表示动态前者表示动态,后者表示静态后者表示静态,穿穿何种衣服何种衣服,则用介词则用介词in。如如:Harry up and get dressed.The girl was dressed in red.动词动词dress的其他用法：的其他用法：dress sb.给某人穿衣给某人穿衣 dress oneself 给自己穿衣服给自己穿衣服 dress in 穿穿衣服衣服 She dressed her son in uniform in a hurrybecause he couldnt dress himself.dress与与put on,wear，have on
22、的区别的区别dress表动作，意思是表动作，意思是“(给自己或帮别人给自己或帮别人)穿衣穿衣服服”，可单独用作不及物动词，接宾语要用表，可单独用作不及物动词，接宾语要用表示人的名词、代词或反身代词。示人的名词、代词或反身代词。put on表动作，意思是表动作，意思是“穿上、戴上穿上、戴上”，其宾，其宾语是衣服、鞋、帽、手套、袜子、眼镜等。语是衣服、鞋、帽、手套、袜子、眼镜等。wear表状态，意思是表状态，意思是“穿着、戴着穿着、戴着”，除了接，除了接普通衣饰类，还可指佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、普通衣饰类，还可指佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、花；以及留发型、胡须的长短等，含义最广。花；以及留发型、胡须的长短
23、等，含义最广。have on表状态且是静态，意思是表状态且是静态，意思是“穿着、戴穿着、戴着着”，多用于口语，是比较普通的用语，不用，多用于口语，是比较普通的用语，不用于进行时。于进行时。用用dress/wear/put on/have on填空。填空。1)Its autumn.But the trees still _ leaves _.2)She was _ in her brothers clothes.3)She _ an angry expression.4)He _ his coat and went out.have on dressed woreput on8.ho helpe
24、d gain Indias independence from Britain.gain v.得到；获得；增加得到；获得；增加 He has gained rich experience in these years.The singer is gaining in popularity.Our army gained the battle.I gained five pounds in a week.gain,acquire,achieve,achieve obtaingain 指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。事上的武力夺
25、取等。acquire 多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得。也可用于对财物等的获得。Reading and communicating are both fast ways to acquire a language.achieve多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。The movie star has achieved success and wealth.obtain用于正式语体中。用于正式语体中。He obtained the house with a bank loan.用用 gain,acquire
26、,earn,achieve的适当的适当形式填空。形式填空。1)The movie star _ success and wealth.2)He _ a lot of praise from the public.3)Im new in the job but Im already _ experience.4)I took on it as an opportunity to _ fresh skills.achieved earned gaining acquireYou are old enough to _ your own living.(2011 辽宁辽宁)A.win B.gain
27、C.take D.earn【解析解析】考察动词辨析。考察动词辨析。earn ones living 谋生，谋生，win 赢得，赢得，gain 获得；获得；take 拿，取。拿，取。D高考真题高考真题9.look forward to 盼望；期待盼望；期待 这个短语里的这个短语里的to是介词，后面接名词、代词或是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。动名词做宾语。We look forward to the return of spring.I look forward to staying alone in the house.这类动词短语还有：这类动词短语还有：pay attention t
28、o,lead to,stick to,devote to,be/get/become used to,prefer to,get down to 1).我们盼望能参加下星期举行的艺术节开我们盼望能参加下星期举行的艺术节开幕式。幕式。(look forward to)(2004上海春考）上海春考）We are looking forward to taking part in the opening ceremonial of the art festival to be held next week.2).Weve just moved into a bigger house and ther
29、es a lot to do.Lets _ it.(2010福建福建)A.keep up with B.do away with C.get down to D.look forward to高考真题高考真题C10.as though=as if 好象，好象，仿佛，仿佛，似乎似乎as though/as if引导的句子如果表示很可能的引导的句子如果表示很可能的事实，就用陈述语气。事实，就用陈述语气。It looks as though/as if it is going to rain.as if/as though引导的句子如果表示不太真实、引导的句子如果表示不太真实、有疑问的事情，后面要接
30、虚拟语气。有疑问的事情，后面要接虚拟语气。as if/as though引导的从句所用的时态比前面真实句所引导的从句所用的时态比前面真实句所用的时态倒退一个时态。用的时态倒退一个时态。He behaved as though nothing had happened.Susan is walking slowly as though she were tired.要点三：语法：情态动词（）一、概述情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的某种态度，认为其“可能”“应当”“必须”等等。情态动词本身词义不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，除ought to和used to以外，后面必须和不带to的不定式（动词原
31、形）连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。但有些情态动词，如can，will，dare有一般时和过去时的变化。情态动词的“时态”形式并不是区分时间的主要标志。不少情况下，情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点二、用法归纳1.can和could(1)表示能力，译为“能，会”。(2)表示请求和允许（表示请求时，口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉，但回答时用can），常译为“可以”。（3）表示理论上或习惯上的可能性（用于肯定的陈述句中）。Accidents can happen at any time.事故随时可能发生。（
32、4）表示对现在或过去情况的推测，只用于疑问句或否定句中。Can she be in the classroom?她可能在教室吗？No,she cant be in it.不，她不可能在教室里。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点诱导展望can 和 be able to 都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。（1）can只有现在时和过去时（could），而be able to 则有更多的时态变化。（2）can一般指自身具有的能力，而be able to则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或succeed in doing。Ill be able to speak Fr
33、ench in a few months.几个月后我将会说法语。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点2.may 和 might(1)表示许可或征询对方许可，有“可以”的意思。对其一般疑问句的肯定回答可用may或can，否定回答时，一般要用mustnt或cant，表示“禁止，不可以”之意。口语中常用might代替may，表示委婉语气。(2)表示可能性，对现在或过去情况的推测，有“或许，可能”的意思，一般只用于肯定句中，用might代替may时，语气显得更不肯定。It may be true.这可能是真的。She may/might come tomorrow.她明天可能会来。(3)may 用于祈
34、使句中表示祝愿。May you succeed！祝你成功！知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点3.will和would(1)用于表示意志、意愿或决心。有“愿意，要”的意思。will指现在，would指过去的意愿和决心。Ill never do that again.我再也不那么做了。They said they would help us.他们说他们会帮助我们的。(2)表示请求、建议等，用于第二人称疑问句中，用would比用will更委婉、客气些。Will/Would you please pass him the book？你把这本书递给他好吗？知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点(3)表示
35、习惯性动作或某种倾向，意为“总是，习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去习惯性的动作或倾向。Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水面上。(4)表示功能：，意为“能，行”。That will be all right.那样就行。(5)用于否定式，表示“不肯，不乐意”。No matter what I said，he wouldnt listen to me.无论我说什么，他都不肯听我的。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点同类辨析would 与 used towould和used to二者均表示“过去常常”。would 可用来表示过去反复出现的习惯性动作，现在有可能还如
36、此，但不能表示过去存在的状态；而used to 则着眼于过去和现在的对比，隐含有已不复如此之意，动作或状态都可表示。On Sunday he would go to the park to play chess.以前每到星期天他总是到公园去下棋。He used to be a naughty boy.He used to make a lot of trouble.他过去是个淘气的孩子，总是惹很多麻烦。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点4.shall 和 should(1)shall 用于第一人称、第三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。Shall we begin our
37、 lesson？我们可以开始上课了吗？When shall he be able to leave the hospital？他什么时候能出院？知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点(2)shall 用于第二人称、第三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、许诺或威胁等。You shall go with me.你要跟我一块去。（表示命令）You shall have the book when I finish reading it.我看完后你就可以看这本书了。（表示许诺）He shall be punished.他会受到惩罚的。（表示威胁或警告）(3)should 用于表示劝告和建议，
38、作“应该”讲，其同义词是ought to。You should keep your promise.你应该遵守你的诺言。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点(4)should表示推测，意为“可能，应该”。这种推测往往有一定的根据，含有“按道理应当”之意。Its 7 oclock.He should be at home.现在是七点，他应该在家里。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点5.must 和cant（表示推测）(1)must表示有把握的推测，意为“一定，准是，想必”，用于肯定句。表示对过去和现在情况的推测。mustnt意为“禁止，不允许”，不用于推测。It must be our hea
39、dmaster.那肯定是我们的校长。You mustnt lend the new book to others.你不许把这本新书借给别人。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点（2）can和could都可用于疑问句或否定句中，表示推测、怀疑或不肯定，可以对现在或过去的情况进行推测。Someone is knocking at the door.Who can it be？有人在敲门，会是谁呢？It cant be Tom.He has gone abroad.那不可能是汤姆，他出国了。但must表示推测时，只能用于肯定句，意为“一定，肯定”。作此意时，must的否定形式是cant/couldn
40、t。I think the news must be true.我想这个消息一定是真的。No,it cant be true.不，它肯定不是真的。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点（3）must表示“必须；必要”，用于一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答要用neednt或dont have to。Must we hand in our exercise today？我们必须今天上交练习吗？Yes,you must.是的，你们必须。No,you neednt/dont have to.不，你们不必。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】You might just as wel
41、l tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture.A.mustB.ShallC.mayD.need【解析】may表示猜测，指可能性。【答案】CP r a c t i c eA left-luggage office is a place where bags_be left for a short time，especially at a railway station.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will【解析】can表示“可以”；must表示义务和责任；shou
42、ld的意思是“应该”；will作情态动词用时表示“愿意”。【答案】BTom,you_leave all your clothes on the floor like this next time.A.wouldnt B.mustntC.needntD.may not【解析】考查情态动词mustnt表“禁止”的用法。句意为：汤姆，下次你不允许像这样把所有的衣服扔在地板上。【答案】BWill they go for an outing today?They _,because it seems that the weather is not so fine.A.mustntB.cantC.needntD.may not【解析】考查情态动词。may表示推测，意为“可能”，其否定式直接在后面加not。句意为：“他们今天要出去野营吗？”“可能不会，因为天气看起来不太好”。mustnt表禁止，不许；cant不能，不可能，不跟对将来的推测。neednt不必，均不符合题意。【答案】D
