1、2023届高考一轮必修第一册必修第一册Unit 3 Sports and Fitness授课:希希授课:希希词汇1.fit(v.)安装;合身)安装;合身(adj.)合适的;健康的)合适的;健康的 fitness(n.)健康健康,健壮,健壮,适适合合2.host(vt)主办;主持主办;主持(n.)主人;节目主持人主人;节目主持人 hostess(n.)女主人;女主持人女主人;女主持人3.athlete (n.)运动员运动员;运动健儿;运动健儿 athletic (adj.)运动的运动的 athletically(adv.)充满活力地;在运动方面充满活力地;在运动方面4.glory(n.)荣誉荣誉
2、 glorious(adj.)荣誉的荣誉的 gloriously(adv.)光荣地光荣地5.determination(n.)决心;决定决心;决定 determine(v.)决定决定 determined(adj.)坚定的坚定的;坚决的;坚决的 be determined to do 决心做某事决心做某事6.injure(v.)使受伤;损害使受伤;损害 injured(adj.)受伤的受伤的 injury(n.)伤害伤害7.grace(n.)优美;优雅优美;优雅 graceful (adj.)优美的;优雅的优美的;优雅的 gracefully(adv.)优美地优美地;优雅地优雅地8.stren
3、gth(n.)力量;体力力量;体力;强项强项 strengthen(vt.)加强加强 strong(adj.)强壮的强壮的9.failure(n.)失败;失败的人(或事物)失败;失败的人(或事物)learn from failure从失败中学习从失败中学习 fail(v.)失败失败 fail to do sth.没能成功做某事没能成功做某事pete(vt.)竞争;对抗竞争;对抗 compete for 为了为了竞争竞争 compete with/against 与与竞争竞争 competition (n.)竞争;竞赛竞争;竞赛 competitor(n.)竞争者竞争者 11.positive(
4、adj.)积极的;正面的;肯定的积极的;正面的;肯定的(反)(反)negative adj.消极的;消极的;负面负面的的;否定的;否定的12.stress(n.)压力;紧张;重音压力;紧张;重音(vt.)强调;重读;使焦虑不安强调;重读;使焦虑不安 be full of stress充满压力充满压力 reduce stress减轻压力减轻压力 stressful(adj.)有压力的有压力的 stressed(adj.)焦虑不安的焦虑不安的 语音本单元主要帮助学生复习并掌握附加疑问句的升调和降调的基本单元主要帮助学生复习并掌握附加疑问句的升调和降调的基本知识。本知识。英语语句中降调英语语句中降调
5、“”和升调和升调“”的规则如下:的规则如下:一、降调通常可用来陈述一件事实,同时它还可用于特殊疑问句中,以获得通常可用来陈述一件事实,同时它还可用于特殊疑问句中,以获得更多的有关信息。所以在陈述句、特殊疑问句或感叹句中常用降调更多的有关信息。所以在陈述句、特殊疑问句或感叹句中常用降调。This is our classroom.(陈述句陈述句)Whats your name?(特殊疑问句特殊疑问句)How beautiful the flowers are!(感叹句感叹句)二、升调通常升调用于下列情况:通常升调用于下列情况:1.一般疑问句读升调:一般疑问句读升调:Are you a docto
6、r?Would you like some soup?2.陈述疑问句用升调:陈述疑问句用升调:You are a policeman?3.未听清对方的话,要求对方重复一下用升调未听清对方的话,要求对方重复一下用升调(以以wh-开头的问句用开头的问句用升调常表示提问的人对所获得的回答没听清楚而要求对方再重复升调常表示提问的人对所获得的回答没听清楚而要求对方再重复):What?Who?When?For what?Pardon?What is your name?4.句子较长,中间划分意群停顿时通常都读升调。句子较长,中间划分意群停顿时通常都读升调。If you like sports,you ca
7、n be a coach,a sports reporter or a PE teacher.He is good at football,ping-pong and basketball.语法附加疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实附加疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实或观点提出疑问。或观点提出疑问。一、附加疑问句的组成1.结构:结构:陈述句反意疑问句陈述句反意疑问句(助动词助动词/be动词动词/情态动词陈述部分主语的相情态动词陈述部分主语的相应代词应代词)2.规律:陈述句是肯定句,反意疑问句用否定;陈述句是否定句,规律:陈述句是肯定句,反意疑问句用否定
8、;陈述句是否定句,反意疑问句用肯定。助动词和人称前后一致。如:反意疑问句用肯定。助动词和人称前后一致。如:You are from Australia,arent you?He doesnt live in Beijing,does he?二、否定附加疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式,附加疑问部分为否定式时,其回答一般不会当陈述部分为肯定式,附加疑问部分为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:造成困难,一般只需照情况回答即可:He wants to go,doesnt he?Does he want to go?No,he doesnt.他想去,不是吗?他想去,不是吗?不,他
9、不想去。不,他不想去。当陈述部分为否定式,附加疑问部分为肯定式时,要根据事实来回当陈述部分为否定式,附加疑问部分为肯定式时,要根据事实来回答,事实是肯定的用答,事实是肯定的用Yes;事实是否定的用;事实是否定的用No;此时的;此时的Yes译为译为“不不”,No译为译为“是的是的”。You arent a student,are you?Are you a student?Yes,I am.你不是学生,是吗?你不是学生,是吗?不,我是。不,我是。不看反义疑问句部分,直接将陈述句改成疑问句,根据疑问句事实不看反义疑问句部分,直接将陈述句改成疑问句,根据疑问句事实回答回答三、附加疑问句的几种特殊情况
10、1.祈使句的反意疑问句用祈使句的反意疑问句用will you,但以,但以lets 开头的用开头的用shall we。Look at the screen,will you?Lets go hiking,shall we?2.陈述部分有陈述部分有little,few,never,hardly,seldom,no,nothing,nobody,no one,none,neither等表示否定意义的词时,其反意等表示否定意义的词时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构。疑问句用肯定结构。He seldom contacts his family,does he?3.反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由反意疑问句的陈述部分含
11、有由un-,im-,in-,dis-等否定意义的前等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。Your little son is unhappy,isnt he?(不能用不能用is he?)It is impossible to learn English well in that situation,isnt it?(不不能用能用is it?)如果否定的部分是否定陈述句动词,反义疑问句用肯定形式;如果不如果否定的部分是否定陈述句动词,反义疑问句用肯定形式;如果不是否定陈述句动词,反义疑问句用否定形式是
12、否定陈述句动词,反义疑问句用否定形式4.陈述部分主语是陈述部分主语是this,that,these,those时,疑问部分主语用时,疑问部分主语用it,they。These are credit cards,arent they?5.陈述部分是陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用句型时,其反意疑问句中要用 there。There was an old stadium in front of our school,wasnt there?6.陈述部分用陈述部分用“used to动词原形动词原形”时,问句部分用时,问句部分用“didnt主语主语”或或“usednt主语主语”形式。形
13、式。He used to live in the poor country,didnt/usednt he?7.若陈述部分是一个主从复合句,若陈述部分是一个主从复合句,问句一般要与主句一致问句一般要与主句一致。He said the match was a failure,didnt he?注意:当陈述部分是注意:当陈述部分是“Im sure,Im afraid,I think/suppose/expect/imagine/believe等宾语从句等宾语从句”结构时,结构时,以从句为准以从句为准,而,而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。I dont think h
14、e cheated in the match,did he?I think he didnt cheat in the match否定转移:将从句中的否定词移到主句中否定转移:将从句中的否定词移到主句中8.感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在的一般现在时态的否定形式。时态的否定形式。What fine weather(it is),isnt it?达标检测.完成下列附加疑问句完成下列附加疑问句1.He knows the athlete who has won four gold medals,?2.Taking notes caref
15、ully makes you learn better,?3.Alice,you wash the plates today,?4.You must have been there,?5.The economy of our country develops well,?6.He is not the man who gave us a lecture,?7.Dont contact the guy addicted to drug,?8.It is the third time that he has been a champion,?doesnt hedoesnt itwill youha
16、vent youdoesnt itis hewill youisnt it.翻译句子翻译句子1.评论这件事意义不大,是吗?评论这件事意义不大,是吗?_2.我相信下周五他会来派对的,对吗?我相信下周五他会来派对的,对吗?_3.他从没告诉我们他是怎么受伤的,是不是?他从没告诉我们他是怎么受伤的,是不是?_There is little point in commenting on it,is there?I believe that he will come to the party next Friday,wont he?He never told us how he was injured,d
17、id he?4.你认为我们不会跑完这次马拉松,是吗?你认为我们不会跑完这次马拉松,是吗?_5.她告诉我们她完成了任务,是吗?她告诉我们她完成了任务,是吗?_You dont think we can finish the marathon,do you?She told us that she had finished the task,didnt she?课文While-reading:Text structureLang Pingas a player:as a coach:as a person:masterexamplesdifficulty:brought honour and gl
18、ory to her countryled the China womens volleyball team to medalsloved by fans at home and abroadthe team fell apartsolution:didnt lose heart&be confident&worked together as a teamachievement:world champion&Olympic goldSUMMARY:never lose heart;a strong determination;never give up;full of confidence;n
19、ever fear challenges;work as a team;try our best;love our countryWhile-reading:Text structurepractice hardernever give upSUMMARY:Michael Jordanmasterexample“Air Jordan”:graceful moves and jumpsunique mental strengthfind a way to winlearn from his failures:keep tryingshare his success with othershelp
20、 young peoplelearn from failure;never give up;practise hard;keep trying;share success;help others.The main idea of the passage is about _ .two master athletes who set good examples for the people of the worldLanguage points:Important phrases (P38)123456789living legends set good examples for bring glory and honour to fall apart world champions stand still mental strength find a way to win lose a game 活着的传奇活着的传奇为为树立好榜样树立好榜样给给带来荣耀和荣誉带来荣耀和荣誉分解分解世界冠军世界冠军站着不动站着不动精神力量精神力量找到赢的办法找到赢的办法输掉一场比赛输掉一场比赛