1、第二篇 专项提升第六部分 短文填空知识梳理 英语短文填空答题技巧 短文缺词填空是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章意思的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式。它是考查学生综合运用英语思维能力的一种有效方法。下面是一些英语短文填空答题技巧。1.从全局把握文章大意 要填的单词需要在一定的语言环境中才能确定，只有把握全局才能有主导方向，才能有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，从而缩小词意的选择范围。2.从语法上加以把握 一般的空缺词都可以通过其所在的句型结构和句法构成来判断其词性，这样可以缩小词的选择范围。3.从行文上确定词的形式 确定一个单词的词性后，可通过其上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的
2、第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、名词的单复数、代词的各种所有格及单复数、形容词的比较级与最高级等。4.要注意文中提供的细节与暗示 要通过文章内容和所掌握的知识、运用推理、分析、判断来进行辨析。5.还需要注意的事项 （1）短文填空题型中的短文通常没有标题，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。（2）第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。（3）做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着写出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。
3、由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为短文填空不同于单个句子的填词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文，通篇考虑。（4）动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。考点精析 考查学生综合运用语言的能力及对文章阅读理解能力【例】Read,choose and fill.阅读下面短文，选择合适的单词将短文补充完整，使其意思通顺，每空只填一词，每词只用一次。考点saw,was,showed,on，number,dinner,hungry,with,happy,hers
4、 Last Friday afternoon I went shopping _ my mum.We were very _ after shopping,so Mum took me to a restaurant for _.Just before we left the restaurant,I _ a handbag on the floor under my chair.I _ it to my mum.She said,“You should give it to the waiter in the restaurant.”So I gave him the handbag.He
5、asked for my address and telephone _.1.2.3.4.5.6.A week later the phone rang.My mum called to me,“Daisy,there is a woman _ the phone for you.Her name is Mrs Lee.”I _ _ surprised because I knew nobody called Mrs Lee.I spoke to the woman.The handbag was _.She was very _ to have her handbag back and as
6、ked for my name.Two days later I got a thank-you letter from Mrs Lee.7.8.9.10.解析：本题考查内容是词汇在语篇上下文中的运用,上下文中会出现对所填词的解释说明甚至是出现的原因。因此，做这类题应该掌握的方法是先通读一次文段，了解文段的大意后根据上下文进行推理和归纳，从而选出最适合的词。答案：1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.withhungrydinnersawshowednumberonwashershappy过关检测Read,choose and fill.阅读下面短文，选择合适的单词将短文补充完整，使其意思
7、通顺，每空只填一词，每词只用一次。（一）learned,by,because,good,hot,excited,beautiful,swimming,Beijing,China Last summer holiday,John and his parents went to visit Uncle Wang in Dalian.They went there _ ship.John _ how to swim in Dalian _ they went _ every day in the sea.They had a _ time.This summer holiday,they plan
8、to go to _ by air.Beijing is known as the capital（首都）of _.Its usually _ in summer.Sometimes the temperature（温度）is 40.Its too hot.But there are many _ places there!John is _.He cant wait to go now!Do you think John will have a great holiday this year?1.by2.learned3.because4.swimming5.good6.Beijing7.C
9、hina8.hot9.beautiful10.excitedtogether,watching,to,does,older,English,years,exercise,gets,goes（二）Tom is an _ boy.Hes twelve _ old.Hes two years _ than his brother,Jim.Tom is 150 cm and Jim is 160 cm.Jim is 50 kilos and Tom is 60 kilos.Tom wants _ lose some weight,so he tries not to eat too much food
10、.He also _ more exercise than before.Every morning he _ up earlier than Jim and he goes jogging for thirty minutes.He usually goes skating after school.After dinner,Tom often _ for a walk,and Jim likes _ TV at home.Now Tom is much stronger than Jim.Jim thinks he needs more _ now.He and Tom will do e
11、xercise _.1.English2.fever3.older4.to5.does6.gets7.goes8.watching9.exercise10.togetherflying,buy,take,stay,with,feels,taking,favourite,bored,fever（三）Peter _ very sad today.He is sick.He has a _.His mother asks him to _ in bed.He is very _.In the afternoon,his good friends Tim and Mike come to see hi
12、m.They _ a lot of fruit and some flowers for Peter.He is very happy.This weekend,Peter is going to go hiking _ his friends.They are going to fly kites,_ pictures and play football.Because Peter likes _ kites,Tims hobby is _ pictures,and playing football is Mikes _ sport.1.feels2.fever3.stay4.bored5.
13、buy6.with7.take8.flying9.taking10.favouriteyou,live,sleeping,trees,jumping,fast,baby,are,much,like（四）I want to introduce two kinds of animals to _.They _ koalas and kangaroos.They _ in Australia.Koalas like _ very much.They always sleep in the _.They can sleep 20 hours a day.Kangaroos like _,and the
14、y can jump very _.Sometimes you can see _ kangaroos stay in their mothers pouch（育儿袋）for months.I like these two kinds of animals very _.Which animal do you _ best?1.you2.are3.live4.sleeping5.trees6.jumping7.fast8.baby9.much10.likewhy,friends,Merry,was,Dont,saw,follow,driving,an,tallest（五）NBA is the
15、most famous basketball game in the world.There _ a Chinese player in this game.His name is Yao Ming.He was the _ player in this game.In his free time,Yao likes _ cars.On one Christmas,he drove _ old car to visit one of his _.On his way,he _ a policeman following him.Finally,he stopped and said to th
16、e policeman,“_ Christmas,sir.1.was2.tallest3.driving4.an5.friends6.saw7.MerryIs there anything wrong with me?”“No,of course not.”answered the policeman.“Then _ did you _ me?”asked Yao.“_ be angry.”said the policeman,“You did nothing wrong.I just want to ask you for a signature（签名）！”8.why9.follow10.D
17、ontmuch,makes,down,danger,White,Smoke,save,more,posters,useful（六）All the students know that the earth is our home.In fact,our earth is in _.There are so many serious problems（严重的问题）about it.Air pollution（污染）is one of them._ from cars and factories _ the air dirty.People cut _ trees for wood,but that
18、s bad for the air,because trees help keep the air clean.Water pollution is the other one of them.Water is so _ and important to us.If there is no clean water,there is no life in the future.1.danger2.Smoke3.makes4.down5.useful _ pollution is the other one of them.People use too _ plastic（塑料制品）.Our ea
19、rth is hot,too.The climate（气候）is going to get warmer and warmer even in winter in the future.What can we do to _ the earth?Im going to make some kinds of _ to get _ people to think about the world around us.How about you?6.White7.much8.save9.posters10.morewas,stayed,visit,had,drank,and,island,blue,I
20、,rode （七）Hainan is an _ in the south of China.It is famous for the _ sea and the beautiful beach.Last summer,my parents and _ went there on holiday.We _ in the hotel in Sanya.Our stay _ two weeks.During our holiday,we _ lots of fun.My mum swam in the sea,my dad _ the motorboat（摩托艇）with me.1.island2.
21、blue3.I4.stayed5.was6.had7.rodeWe also _ the coconut juice（椰汁）,and had different kinds of seafood（海鲜）.The island was wonderful _ the people there were really friendly.We enjoyed the holiday very much.I am going to _ the island again next summer holiday.8.drank9.and10.visitmy,many,woman,out,may,but,b
22、ag,next to,seat,old（八）Its Sunday.There are _ people on the bus.And an _ man is looking here and there.He wants to find a _.Then he finds one.He goes to it.A small _ is on the seat.And a young man is _ it.“Excuse me,_ I have this seat?”asks the old man.“Sorry,its for a _.She goes to buy some bananas.
23、”says the young man.“Well,”says the old man.“Let me sit here,please.When she comes back,I will leave（离开）here.”1.many2.old3.seat4.bag5.next to6.may7.woman The bus starts.“She doesnt come,_ her bag is here.Let me give her the bag.”The old man wants to throw the bag _ of the window.“Dont throw!Its _ bag.”The young man jumps and shouts（大喊）.8.but9.out10.my
