1、第四部分 时 态 精 析动词是句子中表示动作或者状态的词。根据动词的词义和在句中的作用，可以将动词划分为如下几类：分类分类例词例词情态动词can,may,must,need,should,would系动词（be动词）am,is,are,was,were助动词be(am,is,are,was,were),do(does,did)have(has,had)实义动词write,read,walk,play,say,work1.情态动词：没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形情态动词：没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。如：I can play basketball well.我篮球打得很好。Mike c
2、an speak Chinese.迈克会说中文。2.be动词：根据人称、数和时态的不同，呈现不同形式动词：根据人称、数和时态的不同，呈现不同形式。如：现在时：I am very happy today.今天我非常开心。Mike is an American boy.迈克是一个美国男孩。They are playing in the snow.他们正在雪里玩。过去时：He was in Grade 3 last year.去年他上三年级。We were at home yesterday.昨天我们在家。将来时：There will be a match between Class 1 and C
3、lass 2 tomorrow.明天一班和二班之间会有一场比赛。I am going to Hainan next week.下周我将去海南。3.助动词：不能单独在句中使用，在句中的作用是协助主要助动词：不能单独在句中使用，在句中的作用是协助主要动词构成时态或语态，也可构成疑问句或否定句。小学阶段未动词构成时态或语态，也可构成疑问句或否定句。小学阶段未涉及语态的知识，故本书不作详细讲解涉及语态的知识，故本书不作详细讲解。如：We do not(dont)have classes on Saturdays.星期六我们不用上课。My father does not(doesnt)work in t
4、he hospital.我爸爸不在医院上班。Did you go swimming last weekend？上个周末你去游泳了吗？返回目录4.实义动词：小学阶段所学的实义动词有四种形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词形式(动词的-ing形式)和过去式形式。如：原形原形三单形式三单形式现在分词现在分词过去式过去式sing singssingingsangdancedancesdancingdancedsitsitssittingsat返回目录5.动词过去式的不规则变化动词过去式的不规则变化(见下表见下表)小学英语不规则动词过去式表小学英语不规则动词过去式表序号序号原形原形过去式过去式序
5、号序号原形原形过去式过去式1amwas6bringbrought2iswas7buybought3arewere8catchcaught4becomebecame9comecame5beginbegan10costcost返回目录小学英语不规则动词过去式表小学英语不规则动词过去式表序号序号原形原形过去式过去式序号序号原形原形过去式过去式11cutcut17eatate12dodid18fallfell13doesdid19feelfelt14drawdrew20findfound15drinkdrank21flyflew16drivedrove22forgetforgot续续 表表返回目录小学
6、英语不规则动词过去式表小学英语不规则动词过去式表序号序号原形原形过去式过去式序号序号原形原形过去式过去式23getgot29hearheard24givegave30hurthurt25gowent31keepkept26grow grew32knowknew27havehad33learnlearnt,learned28hashad34leaveleft续续 表表返回目录小学英语不规则动词过去式表小学英语不规则动词过去式表序号序号原形原形过去式过去式序号序号原形原形过去式过去式35letlet41riderode36loselost42ringrang37makemade43runran38
7、meetmet44saysaid39putput45seesaw40readread46singsang续续 表表返回目录小学英语不规则动词过去式表小学英语不规则动词过去式表序号序号原形原形过去式过去式序号序号原形原形过去式过去式47sellsold53spendspent48sendsent54standstood49shallshould55swimswam50sitsat56taketook51sleepslept57teachtaught52speakspoke58telltold续续 表表返回目录小学英语不规则动词过去式表小学英语不规则动词过去式表序号序号原形原形过去式过去式序号序号
8、原形原形过去式过去式59thinkthought62willwould60wakewoke63winwon61wearwore64writewrote续续 表表返回目录【例1】Listen and fill.听对话，填入所缺的单词,使对话意思合理、完整，每空只填一词。1.A:What is Mr Blacks job?B:He is a scientist.He _ in a university.2.A:Look!What are the rabbits doing?B:Some are _,some are eating fresh carrots.考查动词的变化形式听力材料：1.A:Wh
9、at is Mr Blacks job?B:He is a scientist.He works in a university.2.A:Look!What are the rabbits doing?B:Some are jumping,some are eating fresh carrots.解析:本题考查动词基本形式的写法和用法。在做此题时，不仅要考虑主语的人称，还要注意句子的时态，这样才能根据句意和录音提示填写出动词的正确形式。第1小题主语是第三人称，句子又是陈述习惯性的动作，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式works。第2小题中的are一词提示了本题要用现在进行时，所以要用现在分词j
10、umping。答案：1.works 2.jumping返回目录一、Read and fill.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The cat _(run)around the tree.2.They are _(clean)their classroom.3.I _(have)a cold last week.4.Dont _(talk)loudly in the library.5.My mother _(make)a big cake last month.举一反三runscleaninghadtalkmade返回目录6.What _(do)she do last night？7.My
11、 aunt often _(go)shopping on Sundays.8.Sarah _(buy)a red bag yesterday.didgoesbought【例2】Read and fill.用read的适当形式填空。1.You can _(read)the book in the library.2.She _(read)a book now.3.Can I _(read)this book now？4.My father _(read)newspapers every morning.5.A:Did you _(read)the comic book？B:Yes，I _(rea
12、d)it yesterday.考查动词的综合运用返回目录解析:本题围绕一个词read 展开，考查了不同时态、不同人称情况下，实义动词的用法。第1小题中can接动词原形；第2小题now表示的是现在，体现现在进行时，she 是第三人称单数，故需要使用“is动词的-ing形式”的结构；第3小题不管后面出现什么，can接动词原形是做题关键；第4小题every morning 体现一般现在时，而my father是第三人称，故动词要用第三人称单数形式；第5小题助动词did 之后加动词原形，答句中用过去式形式，read 的过去式与原形同形。答案：1.read 2.is reading 3.read 4.r
13、eads 5.read；read二、Read and fill.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.We _(like)music.Now we _(sing).2.Lets _(go)to the cinema.3.He _(is)ill yesterday.4.Can you _(clean)the table now？5.Do you _(go)to the park on Saturdays？举一反三likeare singinggowascleango返回目录三、Read and choose.单项填空。()1.What did he _ yesterday？A.do B.does
14、C.did()2.He is _ with his friend.A.talked B.talking C.talks()3.John:How is he feeling？Mike:He _ better.A.feels B.is feel C.is feelingABC返回目录()4.Amy:What are you doing？Sam:Im _ dinner.A.cook B.cooks C.cooking()5.Dont _ TV.A.watch B.watching C.watchesAC一、Read and write.按要求改写单词。1.have(第三人称单数形式)_2.slept
15、(动词原形)_e(反义词)_ 4.driver(动词形式)_5.sit(动词过去式)_ 6.do(现在分词)_hassleepgodrivesatdoing7.take(动词过去式)_ 8.wash(第三人称单数形式)_9.write(动词过去式)_ 10.told(动词原形)_tookwasheswrotetell返回目录二、Read,choose and fill.阅读下面短文，根据上下文选词填空，使短文通顺、完整。My name is Sarah.I 1._ an American girl,but I 2._ in Guangzhou with my parents now.My fa
16、ther is a teacher.He 3._ English.He likes 4._ pictures.Usually my father 5._ to work by car，but yesterday he 6._ by bus.My mother is a nurse.live,works,went,likes,play,walks,drawing,goes,teaches,amamliveteachesdrawinggoeswent返回目录She 7._ in a big hospital.She often 8._ to work.She 9._ playing basebal
17、l very much.We often 10._ it together.workswalkslikesplay三、Read and fill.用括号内所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。1._(be)these your shoes？2.I can _(play)football every day.3.I want to _(buy)some flowers for my mother.4.Listen！Who is _(cry)over there？5.He _(do)morning exercises every morning.Areplaybuycryingdoes6._ your m
18、other _(wash)the clothes every day？7.He _(not teach)English in our school.8.He _(leave)his homework at home this morning.9.Where _(be)the dogs last night？10.Can I _(watch)TV now？11.My father likes _(collect)stamps.Doeswashdoesnt teachleftwerewatchcollecting12.Joes aunt _(work)in a factory last year.
19、13.We should _(help)each other.14.The sun _(rise)in the east.15.No _(smoke)！16._(have)this orange，please.17.She _(stay)at home today.workedhelprisessmokingHavestays18.Jack is good at _(run)，and he is _(run)on the playground now.19.A:Listen!Who _(sing)?B:Oh,it is Miss Green.She always _(sing)and _(da
20、nce)in the music room after school.Next Monday she _(sing)for us in class.runningrunningis singingsingsdanceswill sing/is going to sing返回目录20.A:_ your friends _(come)to your birthday party yesterday?B:Yes,and they _(give)me a lot of birthday presents（礼物）.Didcomegave返回目录四、Read and choose.单项填空。()1.Luc
21、y:Can I _ your bike？Lily:Sure.A.ride B.riding C.to ride()2.My father _ a new car.He _ it very much.A.have；like B.has；likes C.has；likeA B 返回目录()3._ he often _ his homework at school？A.Does；do B.Does；does C.Do；does()4.Oliver:What is she doing？Tony:She _.A.sings B.will dance C.is cleaning her room()5.T
22、he sun _ down in the west.A.go B.is going to C.goesACC返回目录()6.Mary often helps her mum _ the dishes.A.does B.do C.doing()7.I enjoy _ to music.A.listen B.listening C.listened()8.My father _ on his coat and went out.A.puts B.put C.puttingB BB返回目录()9.I _ to the teacher，but I didnt _ him.A.listen；heard
23、B.listened；heard C.listened；hear()10.What _ you _ last weekend？A.will；do B.does；do C.did；do()11.Tony _ to school by bike last year.A.goes B.went C.will goCCB返回目录()12.Mr Smith _ to see you in an hour.A.came B.comes C.will come()13.My friend Peter _ very well.A.swim B.running C.sings()14.Li Lei _ like
24、 fish，but his sister _.A.dont；do B.doesnt；does C.isnt；is()15.Dont _ in class.Lets _ to the teacher.A.talking；listening B.talks；listens C.talk；listenCC BC返回目录五、Read and write.按要求完成下列句子。1.Jenny will be a doctor in the future.(改为一般疑问句)_2.He did his homework last night.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)一般疑问句:_肯定回答:_Will
25、Jenny be a doctor in the future？Did he do his homework last night？Yes，he did.返回目录3.He is listening to music.(就画线部分提问)_4.I cleaned the room yesterday.(就画线部分提问)_5.Sarah can swim.(改为否定句)_What is he doing？What did you do yesterday?Sarah cant swim.返回目录6.I washed my clothes yesterday.(改为否定句)_7.My friend and I are going to play baseball next week.(用last week 改写)_I didnt wash my clothes yesterday.My friend and I played baseball last week.
