1、牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修一课件Unit 4 Exploring poetry Grammar and usage Overview of to-infinitives,verb-ing and verb-ed forms制作者：桂东一中李宇平 内容分析内容分析本板块围绕单元话题以本板块围绕单元话题以“浪漫派浪漫派诗歌和诗人诗歌和诗人”创设情境，对之前所学创设情境，对之前所学的非谓语动词的用法进行系统回顾和的非谓语动词的用法进行系统回顾和复习。教学活动首先在有关复习。教学活动首先在有关“浪漫派浪漫派诗歌和诗人诗歌和诗人”的语篇中观察、探究、的语篇中观察、探究、总结非谓语动词在文中的使用，辨识
2、总结非谓语动词在文中的使用，辨识非谓语动词在句中所做的成分；再通非谓语动词在句中所做的成分；再通过句子、语篇两个层面的巩固练习内过句子、语篇两个层面的巩固练习内化非谓语动词的知识；最后综合运用化非谓语动词的知识；最后综合运用非谓语动词完成一个语言输出任务，非谓语动词完成一个语言输出任务，实现实现“形式形式意义意义使用使用”三者的统三者的统一。一。教学目标教学目标By the end of this section,we will be able to:1.identify and categorize(将将分分类；把类；把加以归类加以归类)ktraz the use of to-infinit
3、ives,verb-ing,and verb-ed forms;2.summarize general rules of to-infinitives,verb-ing,and verb-ed forms;3.use the right forms of to-infinitives,verb-ing,and verb-ed to finish tasks such as rewriting sentences,completing an article and writing on the importance of reading poems.教学过程教学过程 A.Exploring th
4、e rulesA1.Below is an introduction to Romantic poetry.Find the sentences that use to-infinitives,verb-ing or verb-ed forms and fill in the table below.One has been done for you.Romanticism rmntszm was a cultural movement from the late 18th to the mid-19th century.It was a time when many painters,mus
5、icians,novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways.The aim of the Romantics was to break with the ideals of the 18th century:they refused to follow rigid rules;instead,they put emphasis on the importance of imagination and feeling,the love of nature and a return to the past.In
6、England,the greatest achievements of the Romantic movement lay in poetry,especially that of William Wordsworthwljm wdzw,Samuel Taylor Coleridge smjul tel klrd,George Gordon Byron dd gdn barn and Percy Bysshe Shelley psi b eli.During that time,England was undergoing a process called industrialization
7、.Large factories were being built and people were made to work long hours.Romantic poets were often not pleased with what was happening in their country and they were not always interested in the improvements in science.Instead,they advocated going back to nature.As a result,celebrating(赞赞美；颂扬；歌颂美；颂
8、扬；歌颂)the beauty of nature and country life became a common theme in Romantic poetry.The poets also wrote about individual feelings and beliefs.Exploring the world of emotion and showing the beauty of nature,the poetry of the Romantic era is one of the greatest treasures in Western literature.Romanti
9、cismDefinitionIt was a(1)_ from the late 18th to the mid-19th century,involving(2)_ and poets.The aim To(3)_ of the 18th century To put emphasis on the importance of imagination and feeling,(4)_ and a return to the pastRepresentatives ofEnglish poetsThe common theme inRomantic poetryCelebrating the
10、beauty of(6)_The significance The poetry of the Romantic era is one of(7)_cultural movementpainters,musicians,novelistsbreak with the ideals the love of nature(5)William Wordsworth,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelleynature and country life the greatest treasures in W
11、estern literature A2.Go through the introduction and fill in the table of part A on page 48.SubjectsPredicatives ObjectsComplementsAttributivesAdverbials.,celebrating the beauty of nature and country life became a common theme in Romantic poetry.The aim of the Romantics was to break with.Romantic po
12、ets were often not pleased with.they were not always interested in.they refused to follow rigid rules;.Instead,they advocated going back to nature.people were made to work long hours.a process called industrialization.Exploring the world of emotion and showing the beauty of nature,.A3.Working out th
13、e rules.P48.The to-infinitive often refers to an action that will happen in the future;the verb-ing form,a continuing action;and the verb-ed form,a past action.Generally speaking,the verb-ing form expresses a(n)(1)_(active/passive)meaning,while the verb-ed form expresses a(n)(2)_(active/passive)mean
14、ing.activepassive The to-infinitive can be used as the(3)_ of a sentence.The verb-ing form can be used as the(4)_ of a sentence.The verb-ed form can be used as the(5)_ of a sentence.*You can choose more than one answer for each blank.a.subject b.predicative c.object plement e.attributive f.adverbial
15、a,b,c,d,e,fa,b,c,d,e,fb,d,e,f A4.Go through“Grammar notes”from page 95 to 97.非谓语动词综述非谓语动词综述 非谓语动词通常指动词不定式、非谓语动词通常指动词不定式、动词动词-ing 形式和动词形式和动词-ed 形式，在形式，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。见下表：语、状语和补语。见下表：1.非谓语动词作主语：动词不定非谓语动词作主语：动词不定式与动词式与动词-ing 形式形式 (1)动词不定式和动词动词不定式和动词-ing 形式形式都可以在句中用作主语。不定式作都可以在句中
16、用作主语。不定式作主语时常常用形式主语主语时常常用形式主语 it 代替，不代替，不定式置于句末。如：定式置于句末。如：Collecting stamps is my hobby.It is my hobby to collect stamps.(2)动词动词-ing 形式有时也用形式形式有时也用形式主语主语 it 代替，动词代替，动词-ing 形式置于句形式置于句末。如：末。如：It is no good pretending to know what you do not know.It is no use complaining.2.非谓语动词作宾语：动词不定非谓语动词作宾语：动词不定式与
17、动词式与动词-ing 形式形式 (1)在在 afford,agree,arrange,choose,claim,desire,expect,fail,hope,intend,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,wish 等动词后，等动词后，常接动词不定式作宾语。如：常接动词不定式作宾语。如：Mike offered to help me.Tom promised to go with me.(2)在在 advise,admit,avoid,consider,deny,enjoy,finish,practise,suggest 等动词以及等动词以及 burst out,gi
18、ve up,insist on,keep on,put off 等短语后，常接动词等短语后，常接动词-ing形式作宾语。如：形式作宾语。如：I considered going to see him in person.Everyone burst out laughing.(3)在在 like,love,begin,start 等动词等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词可以接动词-ing 形式作宾语，但二者形式作宾语，但二者区别不大，常可以交换使用。如：区别不大，常可以交换使用。如：I like singing.=I like to sing.It
19、 started raining.=It started to rain.(4)在在 remember,forget,regret,try,mean 等动词后，既可以接动词等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing 形形式作宾语，但二者意义不同。如：式作宾语，但二者意义不同。如：I remember seeing him before.（我记（我记得曾经见过他。）得曾经见过他。）Remember to tell him about it.（记得（记得把这件事告诉他。）把这件事告诉他。）I now regret telling the lie.（我现在（我
20、现在后悔说谎了。）后悔说谎了。）I regret to tell you the bad news.（我很遗憾告诉你这个坏消息。）（我很遗憾告诉你这个坏消息。）(5)介词后一般只接动词介词后一般只接动词-ing 形形式作宾语。如：式作宾语。如：How about coming with us?3.非谓语动词作表语：动词不定非谓语动词作表语：动词不定式、动词式、动词-ing 形式与动词形式与动词-ed 形式形式 (1)动词不定式可以在句中用作表动词不定式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语所指的内容，动词不语，说明主语所指的内容，动词不定式可以带逻辑主语。动词不定式定式可以带逻辑主语。动词不定式作表语，
21、有的情况下作表语，有的情况下 to 可以省略。可以省略。如：如：My purpose is to help them.My hope is for all members to come together.All I did was(to)give him a little push(鼓励；激励鼓励；激励).(2)动词动词-ing 形式和动词形式和动词-ed 形式形式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语的可以在句中用作表语，说明主语的特征或者状态，动词特征或者状态，动词-ing 形式还可形式还可以表示主语所指的内容。如：以表示主语所指的内容。如：The book was so interesting
22、that he almost forgot the time.He is very concerned with the matter.This is asking for trouble.要自找麻要自找麻烦；要自讨苦吃烦；要自讨苦吃 4.非谓语动词作定语：动词不定非谓语动词作定语：动词不定式、动词式、动词-ing 形式与动词形式与动词-ed 形式形式 (1)动词不定式作定语常表示将动词不定式作定语常表示将要发生的事，动词要发生的事，动词-ing 形式作定语形式作定语常表示正在发生的事，动词常表示正在发生的事，动词-ed 形形式作定语常表示已经发生的事或表式作定语常表示已经发生的事或表示被动意
23、义。如：示被动意义。如：I have a meeting to attend tomorrow.The boy standing there is my friend.Jack cleared the fallen leaves on the ground.Many students like to read novels written in English.(2)动词不定式和动词动词不定式和动词-ing 形式形式作定语时可以有被动形式。如：作定语时可以有被动形式。如：The building to be built in the square will be a new library.D
24、o you see the house being built over there?5.非谓语动词作状语：动词不定式、非谓语动词作状语：动词不定式、动词动词-ing 形式与动词形式与动词-ed 形式形式 (1)动词不定式作状语可以表示目的动词不定式作状语可以表示目的或者结果，动词或者结果，动词-ing 形式和动词形式和动词-ed 形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随等意义。如：随等意义。如：Susan came to see me.She lived to be one hundred.I sat there waiting for him.Deeply mov
25、ed,I decided to follow his example.(2)动词动词-ing 形式具有主动意义，形式具有主动意义，动词动词-ed 形式具有被动意义。如：形式具有被动意义。如：She was in the kitchen preparing dinner.Compared with you,we still have a long way to go.(3)动词动词-ing 形式作状语可用完形式作状语可用完成式。如：成式。如：Having finished their work,they had a good rest.6.非谓语动词作补语：动词不定非谓语动词作补语：动词不定式、
26、动词式、动词-ing 形式与动词形式与动词-ed 形式形式 (1)在在 expect,forbid,force,order,permit,request,warn 等动等动词后，常接词后，常接“名词名词/代词代词+动词不动词不定式定式”结构，动词不定式作补语。结构，动词不定式作补语。如：如：We can always expect him to help us.He warned us to be careful.(2)在在 see,hear,notice,watch,feel 等动词后，可以接不带等动词后，可以接不带 to 的动的动词不定式作补语，表示动作的整个词不定式作补语，表示动作的整个
27、过程；这些动词也可以接动词过程；这些动词也可以接动词-ing 形式作补语，表示动作正在进行。形式作补语，表示动作正在进行。如：如：I saw him cross the street and enter a shop.（我看见他穿过马路然后进（我看见他穿过马路然后进了一家商店。）了一家商店。）I saw him crossing the street.（我（我看见他正在过马路。）看见他正在过马路。）(3)动词动词-ed 形式作补语常表示形式作补语常表示被动意义。如：被动意义。如：How would you like your hair cut?We must get our work fini
28、shed by 10 oclock.B.Applying the rules B1.Rewrite the following sentences using to-infinitives,verb-ing or verb-ed forms.P49 1.Romantic poets experimented with new poetic forms.They were particularly interested in it.Romantic poets were particularly _ _.interested in experimenting with new poetic fo
29、rms 2.Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poets imagination when they described natural scenes.Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poets imagination when _ _.describing natural scenes 3.Poems that focus on nature often stress the moment of inspiration.Po
30、ems _ often stress the moment of inspiration.4.Many Romantic poems are filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes,and contain rich sensory details._ _,many Romantic poems contain rich sensory details.focusing on nature Filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes 5.Since Romantic p
31、oets were highly colourful and independent individuals,finding concerns common to all of them is sometimes difficult.Since Romantic poets were highly colourful and independent individuals,it is sometimes difficult _.to find concerns common to all of them B2.Below is an article about the English poet
32、 William Wordsworth.Complete the article with the correct to-infinitives,verb-ing or verb-ed forms of the verbs in the brackets.P49 Born in 1770,William Wordsworth was one of the(1)_(最重要的；最重要的；一流的一流的)(lead)poets of the Romantic movement in England.(2)_(grow)up in the beautiful Lake District,Wordswor
33、th had a childhood that was perfect for a developing poet.(3)_(educate)at Cambridge,Wordsworth received his degree in 1791.He spent a lot of time(4)_(tour)in Europe.leadingGrowing Educated touring Travelling obviously provided Wordsworth with plenty of ideas for his poems.In 1795,he met Samuel Taylo
34、r Coleridge and the two talented young men became close friends.(5)_(meet)Coleridge had a huge impact on Wordsworth.Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌抒情歌谣集谣集 lrkl bldz,a collection of poems(6)_(write)together with Coleridge,was Wordsworths first great work.Meetingwritten It was published in 1798 and marked the sta
35、rt of the Romantic era in poetry.Wordsworth explained that they wanted to write poetry that ordinary people could use(7)_(express)their feelings.Many of the poems in the collection were about returning to nature.Like other Romantics,Wordsworth preferred(8)_(live)in the country rather than in the cit
36、y.to expressliving/to live Now fill in a timeline table according to the passage.William Wordsworth:a(1)_ of the Romantic movement in England1770 He was born in England.179117951798leading poetHe received his degree from Cambridge.He met Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the two became close friends.Lyric
37、al Ballads,a collection of poems was published,which was Wordsworths first great work and marked the start of the Romantic era in poetry.B3.Write about the importance of reading poems.Think of at least one reason and give supporting details,using to-infinitives,verb-ing or verb-ed forms.Use the exam
38、ple below to help you.Example:Reading poems helps me understand the beauty of language.There are a lot of poetic devices(手手段；策略；方法；技巧段；策略；方法；技巧)employed in poems,such as rhyme and metaphor.When reading these beautifully written lines,I can enjoy the beauty of the language.Possible answer Reading poe
39、ms helps develop deep insight into what the poet wants to express.Every poem is unique to its poet and its message might first need to be discovered before it can be understood.A poem also represents what the poet was experiencing at that time,such as passion(激情激情,盛怒；激愤盛怒；激愤)or sorrow.When I read a
40、poem,I want to discover and understand the poets message.So I often think about what the poet was going through at that time.Understanding the poets thoughts and feelings opens up a whole new world for me and keeps me from getting bored.C.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the
41、 brackets.P76 1.The system has the ability _(run)more than one program at the same time.2._(approach)the lake,we found many people taking exercise.3.Literature is a great treasure waiting _(discover).to runApproachingto be discovered 4._(struggle)with the problem for hours,Tom finally went to his te
42、acher for help.5._(see)in this light(角度角度),the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.6.Many rooms need _(clean),your bedroom in particular.Having struggledSeencleaning/to be cleaned 7.I was so shocked that I found myself _(lose)for words.8._(judge)by his accent,we guess he is from the south.9.I know she is upset but I dont regret _(tell)her about it.She needs to know the truth.10.The young man was considered _(have)great promise(前途大有希望前途大有希望).lost Judgingtellingto have
