1、1.*auditory /dtri/adj.听的，听觉的 Previously it had only been known that highly trained musicians have highly developed auditory abilities compared to non-musicians.以前，我们只知道，比起没有受过正规音乐训练的人们,受过高等音 乐训练的音乐家具有高度发达的听觉能力听觉能力。Its an artificial device which stimulates the auditory areas of the brain.这是个用来刺激大脑听觉区
2、域听觉区域的人工装置。auditory sensation 听觉 auditory nerve 听觉神经2.*verbal/vb()l/adj.言语的，文字的，口头的;(语法)动词的verbal communication 语言通信verbal ability n.言语能力；语言能力non verbal 非用言语的verbally adv.口头地，非书面地；用言辞地verbalize vi.累赘；唠叨；以言语表述;vt.使变成动词；用言语表达verbalization n.以言语表现；冗长；变成动词Auditory learners learn best when information is
3、 presented in a verbal manner such as when the teacher talks to the class.They often use listening and speaking skills to sort information.3.blank.adj.空白的;空的,无图画的;没表情的,不理解的,不感兴趣的；完全的，彻底的 n.（文件等的）空白处,空格;记忆中的）空白,遗忘;空弹 vt.毫不理睬；突然忘掉，突然思路模糊(P44,L8)go blank（脑子、屏幕等）变得一片空白 My mind is a blank 脑子里一片空白，怎么也想不起来
4、 blank out 突然变空；涂掉，覆盖，遮盖；刻意忘掉，抹去记忆 blankly adv.典题赏析：1)Leave the last page blank.意为：_2)Suddenly the screen of the TV went blank.意为：_3)She stared at me with a blank expression on her face.意为：_4)Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about.：_5)He gave me a blank refusal.意为：_6)Ple
5、ase fill in the blanks.意为：_7)The troops fired blanks in the air.意为：_8)I saw her on the bus this morning,but she totally blanked me.意为：_9)I knew the answer,but I totally blanked during the test.意为：_10)When I got into the exam room,I just panicked and _.一进考场，我就慌乱起来，脑子里一片空白。11)All the names in the lett
6、er _ so far.到目前为止，信中所有的名字都已涂掉了。空白的空白的无图画的无图画的没表情的没表情的不理解的不理解的不感兴趣的不感兴趣的完全的，彻底的完全的，彻底的空白处，空格空白处，空格空弹空弹毫不理睬毫不理睬突然忘掉突然忘掉my mind went blank/my mind was a blankhave been blanked position/kmpzn/n.构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲 compose.v.组成，构成；作曲 composer.n.作曲家，曲作者1.Mozarts _ are undoubtedly among the worlds greatest.莫扎特的
7、作品无疑位列于世界上最伟大的作品之中。2.Television has transformed the size and social _ of the audience at great sporting occasions.电视改变了大型体育赛事观众的数量及其社会构成社会构成。3.We had to write a composition on the subject My Pet.我们得就“我的宠物”这个主题写一篇作文作文。4.Verdi was a prolific _ of operas.威尔地是一位多产的歌剧作曲家。5.The audience was _ largely of y
8、oung people.观众中大部分都是年轻人。compositionscompositioncomposercomposed5.educator/eduket(r)/n.教育家；教育工作者educate.v.（在学校）教育；教导，培养；教导，培养;vi.教育；训练education.n.（尤指学校）教育；培养，训练；教育机构，教育界人士；教育学；有教益的经历educational.adj.教育的；有教育意义的educated.adj.受过教育的；有教养的1.British _ are divided about how best to teach reading.英国教育学家在如何以最佳方式
9、教授阅读的问题上存在分歧。2.Theyre cutting funds for _.他们正在削减教育经费。3.She was probably the most highly _ prime minister of this century.她可能是本世纪学历最高的首相。4.Reducing the size of classes may improve _standards.缩小班级规模或许会提高教学水准。educationalisteducatorseducationeducatededucational 6.Confucius/knfjus/n.孔子 Confucianism/knfju
10、nzm/n.U儒家，儒学；孔子学说 Confucius was an ancient Chinese thinker known for saying wise things.【原句背诵】Also,as the great educator Confucius stated,“When you know a thing,to recognize that you know it,and when you do not know a thing,to recognize that you do not know itthat is wisdom.”7.bound/band/adj.一定会，很可能
11、会；有义务做.;正旅行去（某地），准备前往（某地）n.边界，界限，范围，跳跃 vi.跳，跳跃；弹起，弹回 be bound to do sth.一定会/很可能会干某事；有义务干某事 be bound for 准备/正在到去；开往 be bound up in 热衷于，忙于，专心于 be bound up with 与有密切关系/密切相关 Ill be bound 我敢肯定，我确信（作插入语）1.Marks problems are all bound up with his mothers death when he was ten.马克的问题和他十岁丧母有很大的关系。2.He had goo
12、d reasons for doing that,Ill be bound.我确信，他那样做一定有道理。1.她在前往莫斯科的飞机上突然生病了。She was on a plane _ _ Moscow when she became ill.2.这艘船驶向意大利。The ship_ _ _ Italy.3.You _ _ _ the contract_(pay)before the end of the month.按照合同规定，你必须在月底前付款。4.明年物价一定会上涨。There _ _ _ be price increases next year.5.Jim was too _ _ _（
13、热衷于，忙于）his own worries to be able to help us.6.Suddenly a huge dog came _ towards me.突然，一条大狗朝我跃来。bound for was bound forto payare bound byare bound to bound up inbounding8.keep pace with.与步调一致；与并驾齐驱 I cant keep pace with her in mathematics.在数学上我比不过她。We must keep pace with the times.我们必须跟上时代的步伐。When
14、we go for a walk,John has to take long steps to keep pace with us.当我们出去散步时，约翰必须迈大步才能跟上我们。His mental development kept pace with the growth of his body.他的智力发展和他的体格发育齐头并进。9.resolve/rzlv/vt.&vi.解决；表决；决心，决定 n.决心，坚定的信念resolve an issue/a dispute/a conflict/a crisis 解决问题/争端/冲突/危机resolve to do sth.决定/决心干某事；表
15、决干某事resolve on doing sth.决定/决心干某事resolve that+s+(should)+v.决定/表决resolve.into.把分解成；把逐渐变成/逐渐被理解为 strengthen/weaken sbs resolve 坚定/削弱某人的决心 resolved adj.下定决心的，坚定的【同义词】当resolve意思是“解决”时,同义词可用settle；solve,addess 当其意思是“决心,决定”时,同义词可用用decide,determine1.Have you resolved the problem of transport yet?你们解决解决交通问题
16、了吗？2.Both sides met in order to try to resolve their differences.双方会晤以努力解决分歧解决分歧。3.He resolved not to tell her the truth.他决定决定不告诉她真相。4.She resolved that she would never speak to him again.她决心决心再也不理他。5.We had resolved on making an early start.我们已经决定决定早点动身。6.Recent events strengthened her resolve to f
17、ind out the truth.最近发生的事件坚定坚定了她找出真相的决心决心。7.He was resolved to ask her to marry him the next day.他下定决心要在第二天向她求婚。10.refresh/rfre/vt.&vi.更新；使恢复精力；使想起refresh oneself with 可以提神；清醒头脑refresh ones memory 提醒；提示；使想起refreshment.n.茶点，点心（refreshments）；食物和饮料；恢复活力，焕发精神refreshed.adj.精神振作的；精力恢复的;神清气爽的refreshing.adj.
18、提神的；使清爽的；使人重新振作的refresher.n.可提神的人或物；补习课程；清凉饮料1.He refreshed himself with a cool shower.他冲了个凉水澡凉快凉快。2.A shower will refresh you.洗个淋浴你就会神清气爽。3.I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the route.我看地图帮助自己回忆回忆这条路线。4.He enjoyed a _(refresh)drink at 4 oclock in the afternoon.5.I feel so _ after that cup
19、 of tea.6._ will be served after the meeting.6.I went on a _ course on new techniques in design to bring myself up to date.我参加了新设计技巧进修课程，以使自己跟上最新形势。refreshingrefreshedRefreshmentsrefresher11.objective/bdektv/adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n.目标，目的 be objective to 对很客观/无偏见 meet/achieve ones objective 达到/实现某人的目标 th
20、e main/primary/principal objective 主要/首要/重要目标 aims and objectives 目的和目标 an objective analysis/assessment/report 客观的分析/评价/报告 objectively adv.客观地，客观存在地 object.n.物体；目标；对象；宾语；vi.反对，不赞成:object to.subjective I cant really be _ when Im judging my daughters work.2.We should be objective _others criticism an
21、d dont be oversensitive to their opinions.3.He had no objective evidence that anything extraordinary was happening.他没有客观证据表明正在发生什么不同寻常之事。4.We simply want to inform people _about events.我们只是想如实地向人们通报事件情况。Look,theres a strange _ in the sky!看,天上有个奇怪的东西！5.You must set realistic aims and objectives for y
22、ourself.你必须给自己确定切实可行的目的和目标。objective评价自己女儿的作品时，我的确无法做到客观toobjectively object12.criticize/krtsaz/vt.&vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价criticize.for.因批评/指责critic.n.批评家criticism n.批评，批判，责备，指责 c/u；评论 ube open to/take criticism 接受批评critical adj.批评的,批判性的,挑剔的;极重要的,关键的,至关重要的be critical of 对挑剔/提出批评be critical to 对极为重要/是关键的b
23、e of critical importance 至关重要的with a critical eye 以批判的眼光in(a)critical condition 病情危急criticise He has spoken_ of the governments refusal to support the industry.他对政府拒绝为工业提供支持发表了批评性言论。Doctors have _ the government for failing to invest enough in the health service.医生批评政府没有在公共医疗保健服务上投入足够的资金。The governm
24、ent has been criticized for not taking the problem seriously.政府因没有认真对待这个问题而受到指责。I have a few _ to make about your speech.对于你的讲话我有几点不能苟同。We try to give students constructive _.我们设法对学生提出建设性的批评。The Presidents support is _ to this project.总统的支援对该计划至关重要。criticallycriticismscriticismcriticalcriticized13.i
25、nquire/nkwa(r)/vt.&vi.询问，打听 inquire about(sb./sth.)询问，打听 inquire after sb.向某人问好/问候 inquire into 调查，查究，查问 inquire sth.of sb.向某人打听/询问某事 inquire for 求见；要找 inquiring adj.爱探索的，好奇的，好问的；探询的，探究的 inquiry n.询问，打听；调查，查究，查问 c inquirer n.调查者；询问者1.He called them several times to inquire about job possibilities.他给
26、他们打了几次电话打听打听就业的可能性。2.Inspectors were appointed to inquire into the affairs of the company.检查员被派去_该公司的事务。3.Elsie called to inquire after my health.埃尔茜打电话来_我。4.Are you sure?he inquired of Rose anxiously.“你确信吗？”他焦急地向罗斯打听道5.All this helps children to develop an _ attitude to learning.所有这些都有助于培养孩子好学爱问的态度
27、。6.Ive been making _ about the cost of a round-the-world ticket.我一直在打听环游世界的票价。inquiringinquiries调查调查问候问候14.register /redst(r)/vt.&vi.登记,注册 n.语体风格，语域；登记表 register a birth/marriage/death 登记出生结婚死亡 register a company/trademark 注册公司商标 register for.注册；选课 call the register 点名 hotel register 住宿登记；旅客登记簿 regi
28、stered mail/post 挂号邮寄 registered nurse 注册护士The essay suddenly switches from a formal to an informal _.这篇文章的语体风格从正式转为非正式。The ship was registered in Panama.这艘船是在巴拿马注册的。register15.subscribe/sbskrab/vi.定期订购（或订阅等）subscribe to.定期订购（或订阅等）；同意，赞成 subscribe to a magazine/newspaper subscribe to subscribe to a
29、charity subscriber n.订购者，订阅人，订户；消费者，用户subscribe for 认购（股份、股票）sbs view/sbs opinon/sbs suggestiona theory/the believe that.同意，赞成定期向慈善机构捐款订阅杂志/报纸 She several womens magazines.她订阅订阅了几本女性杂志。Frank the belief that human kindness would overcome evil.法兰克坚信坚信人类的善良能够战胜邪恶。The authorities no longer that disabled
30、 people are unsuitable as teachers.当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。subscribes tosubscribed firmly tosubscribe to the view16.concrete /kkrit/adj.确定的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n.混凝土 vt.用混凝土浇筑(或覆盖)concrete evidence/proposals/proof 确凿的证据;具体的建议;确实的证明a concrete floor 混凝土地面in the concrete 实际上，具体的be set in concrete 固定不变concretely adv
31、.具体地concreteness n.具体；具体性；确实1.I had no concrete evidence.我当时没有明确而具体的证据。2.There were no concrete proposals on the table.没有提交讨论的具体提议。3.The posts have to be set in concrete.这些柱子必须固定在混凝土中。4.The rules are not set in concrete.这些规则并不是一成不变的。abstract.adj.抽象的1.He merely cleared and _ the floors.他只是把地面清理之后浇上了混
32、凝土。2.I must have something to tell him.Something _.我必须告诉他点什么，必须是具体的东西。3.Well discuss the matter more _ next time.I hope everyone would make some preparations.下次我们要更仔细地讨论这件事，希望大家先做一下准备4.The creative process in films is visual from the start although stages of increasing _can be distinguished.电影的创意过程必
33、须从一开始就是视觉化的，尽管舞台表演也有越来越多的具象concretedconcreteconcretelyconcreteness 链接高考】I liked facts,things that are concrete.I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.（2019天津卷）我喜欢事实，那些具体的东西具体的东西。我认为任何抽象的东西都 会留下太多争论的余地。As we were leaving,we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fal
34、len over at the entrance and had hit her head on the concrete.（2014福建卷）我们离开时，发现就在几分钟前，一位老妇人在入口处跌倒，头部撞在混凝土上混凝土上。prehension/kmprhenn/u.n.理解力,领悟能力;n.理解练习beyond(ones)comprehension 不能理解，无法理解have a comprehension of.理解/了解a listening/reading comprehension.听力练习/阅读理解练习comprehend.vt.理解，领悟comprehensible.adj.可理解
35、的comprehensive.adj.全部的，所有的；综合性的comprehensively.adv.完全地，彻底地This was utterly beyond her comprehension.这完全超出了她的理解力。His behaviour was completely beyond comprehension .他的举止完全令人费解。She had no comprehension of what was involved.她不明白所涉及的事情。Reading comprehensin is very difficult for English learners.对英语学习者来说，
36、阅读理解练习是很难的。1.The research project will focus on childrens _ of pretence.2.I dont think he fully _ that she wont be here to help him.3.Her writing is barely _to me.4.We offer our customers a _ range of financial products.5.The plan was _ rejected.单句语法comprehension这项研究将集中于儿童对假象的理解。comprehends我看他还没有充分意
37、识到她是不会来这里帮他的。comprehensible 她的作品我几乎不能理解。我们为客户提供全面的金融产品。comprehensive计划遭到了彻底否决。comprehensively18.cease /sis/vi.&vt.停止，终止，结束cease to do sth.(永久)停止做某事cease doing sth (暂时)停止做某事cease sth.(cease fire 停火，停止射击/cease anger.息怒)cease trading/production/operations停止交易/生产/经营without cease 不停地，不断地never cease to do
38、 频繁地做（夸张用语）ceaseless.adj.不断的；不停的ceaselessly.adv.不断地，不停地【链接高考】If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good,they would cease to be free.（2015江苏卷）如果人们坚持要摆脱自力更生和为共同利益承担责任，他们将不再享有自由如果人们坚持要摆脱自力更生和为共同利益承担责任，他们将不再享有自由。典型例句1.On his retirement the job
39、 will cease to exist.他一退休，这一职务将不复存在。2.The company has decided to cease all UK operations after this year.公司决定从明年开始停止一切在英国的业务活动。3.A small number of firms have ceased trading.一小部分公司已经停止贸易。4.I will never cease to chase after my dream.我永远不会停止追逐梦想5.He never ceases to amaze me.他总能给我惊喜6.We worked _（不停地，连续地
40、）to fulfil our dream.7.There is a _struggle from noon to night.从中午到夜晚，争斗没有停歇。8.The characters complain_about food queues,prices and corruption.那些人不停地抱怨购买食品要排队、物价问题以及贪污腐败的问题。without ceaseceaselessceaselessly 19.self-worth./self w/n.自我价值感 不不可数名词可数名词1.Work gave me a sense of dignity and self-worth.工作给了
41、我自尊和自我价值感。2.Try not to link your sense of self-worth to the opinions of others.尽量不要将你的自我价值感和别人的意见联系起来。20.*inductive/ndktv/adj.归纳的，归纳法的inductive reasoning 计数 归纳推理；归纳法induction n.电磁 感应；归纳法；感应现象inductive adj.数 归纳的；电 感应的；诱导的 inductively adv.归纳地，诱导地21.reasoning /rizn/n.推理，理性的观点，论证 reason.v.推理；推论；推断;n.原因
42、reasonable.adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公平的；还算好的，尚可的;1.Their _ was based on a set of unstated assumptions.他们的推理是以一系列未说明的假定为基础的。2.It seems _ to assume theyve been tested.似乎有理由认为它们都是已经测试过的。3.Newton _(that)there must be a force such as gravity,when an apple fell on his head.当苹果落在牛顿的头上时，他推断出这一定是由于某种力的缘故，譬如重力。4.The _wh
43、y he was absent was that he was trapped in the traffic jam.reasoningreasonablereasonreasoned22.abstract/bstrkt/adj.抽象的，纯理论的 n.摘要，概要；抽象派艺术作品 c /bstrkt/vt.把抽象出，提取 abstract noun 抽象名词 abstract art 抽象艺术 abstract.from.从中摘录/提取/分离 in the abstract 抽象地；理论上abstractly adv.抽象地abstraction n.抽象,抽象概念 c/u;提取，抽取,分离 c
44、/u;出神,新神专注 uabstractionism n.抽象主义；抽象表达 u反义词：concrete1)We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract._2)In the lecture,the professor told his students how to write an abstract of a thesis.意为：_3)It is known to all that rubber is abstracted from plants.意为：_4)She _ the main points _ the
45、argument.她提炼出论证的要点。5)Talking about bringing up children _ is not enough.仅仅从理论上谈论培养孩子是不够的。抽象的；摘要，概要；提取abstracted fromin the abstract 23.assumption/smpn/n.假定，假设 make an assumption/assumptions about/that.对做假设 make an assumption/assumptions that.假定/假设 on an assumption that.假定/假设assume vt.假定，假设，认为；承担（责任）
46、，就职，取得（权利）assume.to be.假定/认为是 assume that.假定assumed adj.假定的，假设的assuming conj.假设，假如，如果Assuming(that)it rains tomorrow,I wont go there.如果明天下雨，我就不去那儿。1.People tend to make assumptions about you when you have a disability.如如果你有残疾，人们往往就会对你妄加假设果你有残疾，人们往往就会对你妄加假设。2.My calculations were based on the assumpt
47、ion that house prices would remain steady.我我的计算以这个假设为基础，即房价将保持稳定的计算以这个假设为基础，即房价将保持稳定。1)Traditional exercises like sit-ups,press-ups and pull-ups are good for building up your strength,_(assume)you do them properly.2)Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the _(assume)youve m
48、ade.3)It _(assume)that stress is caused by too much work.4)We are working _the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.5)It was impossible to make assumptions _ peoples reactions.assumingassumptionis assumedonabout24.domain/dmen;dmen/n.领域，范围；领土；域1.She treated the business as her private domain
49、.她把公司看作是自己的私人势力范围私人势力范围。2.These documents are in the public domain(=available to everybody).这些文件已向公众开放。3.Physics used to be very much a male domain.物理学曾在很大程度上是男性的领域。4.Looking after the house was viewed as a womans domain.料理家务被认为是属于妇女的职责范围。5.The care of older people is being placed firmly within the domain of the family.照顾老人仍然被确认为是家庭范围的家庭范围的事。6.The Spice Islands were within the Spanish domains.香料群岛曾是西班牙的领地。
