1、【版本：译林册别：必修二】Unit 4 Exploring literature Welcome Reading 目录页contentsPre-reading1Language points4Fast reading2Homework5Intensive reading3Pre-readingPre-reading:Lead-in(P43)Great literature is simply languagecharged with meaning to the utmost possible degree.Ezra Pound 伟大的文学只不过是在最大程度上承载意伟大的文学只不过是在最大程度
2、上承载意义的语言。义的语言。埃兹拉埃兹拉庞德庞德该句出自该句出自美国诗人美国诗人和和文学评论家文学评论家埃兹拉埃兹拉庞德（庞德（1885197218851972）的的如何阅读如何阅读（How to Read）。这句话说明了文学语言承）。这句话说明了文学语言承载着丰富的内涵，阅读文学作品时我们要认真揣摩和体会。载着丰富的内涵，阅读文学作品时我们要认真揣摩和体会。Pre-reading:Welcome to the unit(P43)Classics can stand the test of time.Read the excerpts below from two famous works o
3、f literature and discuss the following questions.Pre-reading:Welcome to the unit(P43)Cultural Background大卫大卫科波菲尔科波菲尔（David Copperfield）是是 19 世纪英国现实主义文学代表作家世纪英国现实主义文学代表作家查尔查尔斯斯狄更斯狄更斯（Charles Dickens,18121870）创作的长篇小说。作品以第一人称视角，创作的长篇小说。作品以第一人称视角，通过主人公大卫通过主人公大卫科波菲尔从童年屡遭不幸科波菲尔从童年屡遭不幸到自学成才，直至成为著名作家的经历，到自学
4、成才，直至成为著名作家的经历，描绘了描绘了 19 世纪维多利亚时代英国社会的广世纪维多利亚时代英国社会的广阔图景，展示了当时各个阶层的人物形象，阔图景，展示了当时各个阶层的人物形象，反映了作者的生活哲学和道德理想。反映了作者的生活哲学和道德理想。Pre-reading:Welcome to the unit(P43)Cultural Background芒果街上的小屋芒果街上的小屋（The House on Mango Street）是墨西哥裔美国作家是墨西哥裔美国作家桑德拉桑德拉希斯内希斯内罗丝罗丝（Sandra Cisneros，1954）的成名作。）的成名作。小说通过一个小女孩童真的小说
5、通过一个小女孩童真的眼光观察周遭的世界，用眼光观察周遭的世界，用 44 个相对独立的小故事描述了个相对独立的小故事描述了芒果街上的生活。芒果街上的生活。Pre-reading:Welcome to the unit(P43)My meaning simply is,that whatever I have tried to do in life,I have tried with all my heart to do well;that whatever I have devoted myself to,I have devoted myself to completely;that in g
6、reat aims and in small,I have always been thoroughly in earnest.David Copperfield,by Charles Dickens What is the main idea of this excerpt?The main idea is that I have tried my best to do whatever I have chosen in my life.What writing style does this excerpt use?Parallel structures.Pre-reading:Welco
7、me to the unit(P43)You can never have too much sky.You can fall asleep and wake up drunk on sky,and sky can keep you safe when you are sad.Here there is too much sadness and not enough sky.Butterflies too are few and so are flowers and most thingsthat are beautiful.Still,we take what we can get and
8、make the best of it.The House on Mango Street,by Sandra Cisneros What does the author need most?Sky.In your view,what does sky stand for here?A home/Private space/A place where she can have freedom and make her own choices.你永远不能拥有太多的天空。你可以在天空下睡去，醒来又沉醉。在你忧伤的时候，天空会给你安慰。可是这里忧伤太多，天空不够，蝴蝶也不够，花儿也不够。大多数美的东
9、西都不够。于是，我们取我们所能取，好好地享用。桑德拉希斯内罗丝芒果街上的小屋The two excerpts have led us into a new world of literature,which is full of imagination and magic power.What qualities do you think a great work of literature should have?Universal and striking themesLogical and perfect structuresBeautiful and powerful words Cl
10、ear and understandable contentsPre-reading:Free talkReading(P44-45)Adapted from William J.Longs English Literature:Its History andIts Significance for the Life of the English-Speaking WorldFast readingWhat is the theme of this article?Fast reading:Main ideaThe theme lies in the last paragraph of thi
11、s article:Literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty,the written record of mans thoughts and feelings,and the history of the human soul.Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 Para 6IntroductionThe importance of determiningthree qualities The first qualityThe second qualityThe thir
12、d qualityConclusionFast reading:Find out the structure of this articleFast reading:Complete the chart about the three qualities of literatureQualities of literature(1)_(2)_Permanence(3)_(4)_ Description oftruth and beauty Appeal to our feelings and imaginationUniversal interest Personal styleP46Inte
13、nsive reading1.Please give a summary of Para 1.A child and a man found a shell on the beach.They held different attitudes towards it.The child felt excited and curious about the shell and the sounds from it,while the man thought the sounds were common and not worth paying attention to.Intensive read
14、ing:Para 12.What were the different attitudes of the child and the man?Intensive reading:Para 13.Why was the child amazed at the unnoticed music of the old?What does the unnoticed music of the old symbolize?Because he had never heard of such strange,low,musical sounds before.These sounds seemed to b
15、e from another world.The unnoticed music of the old symbolizes classic works of literature.Intensive reading:Para 14.What can we learn from their conversations?5.Why does the author choose a child and a man instead of two men?Attitude determines everything.These sounds seem to come from another worl
16、d.If we do not find the shell,or do not deal with it in a proper way,we will never find the door to the new world.Because a child better symbolizes hope,possibility and future.It is children that tend to find something new and exciting.However,men often lose interest and patience in lots of things,e
17、specially literature.Intensive reading:Para 21.What does“Some such experience as this”mean at the beginning of Para 2?It means the childs discovery of a shell on the beach in Para 1.2.How can we discover a new world of dreams and magic?Let a little song appeal to the ear,or a great book to the heart
18、.Intensive reading:Para 23.What do we need to do to enter and enjoy the new world?We need to love literature,and make an effort to explain it.Intensive reading:Para 24.How to understand this sentence“Behind every book is a man,behind the man is the race,and behind the race are the natural and social
19、 environments”?This sentence uses the grammar:_.Complete inversionThis sentence means every book is based on rich and complex b_.To fully understand a book,we must figure out the books environments.ackgroundsIntensive reading:Para 25.How to understand the sentence“We have now reached a point where w
20、e wish to enjoy and understand literature.”?This sentence means that when we figure out the natural and social environments of a book,we will be ready to explore the new world in literature.6.When we have reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature,what should we do first?The fi
21、rst step is to determine some of its significant qualities.Intensive reading:Para 27.Retell this paragraph according to the chart below.Listen to a song or read a book.Discover a new world of dreams and magic.Love literature and make an effort to explain it.Know natural and social environments in th
22、e book.Wish to enjoy and understand literature in the book.Literatureis the bridgeleading to a newworld.Intensive reading:Para 31.Why does the author mention the shell and its unnoticed sounds again in Para 3?The author emphasizes that as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds,some truth and beauty
23、 remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention.2.What should we do with our life?We should keep a sensitive soul to observe,experience and find the truth and beauty in life.知识拓展：诗歌欣赏 Para 3Yesterdays flowers am I,And I have drunk my last sweet draught of dew.Young maiden
24、s came and sang me to my death;The moon looks down and sees me in my shroud,The shroud of my last dew.Yesterdays flowers that are yet in me Must needs make way for all to-morrows flowers.知识拓展：诗歌欣赏 Para 3The maidens,too,that sang me to my death Must even so make way for all the maids That are to come
25、.And as my soul,so too their soul will be Laden with fragrance of the days gone by.The maidens that to-morrow come this way Will not remember that I once did bloom,For they will only see the new-born flowers.知识拓展：诗歌欣赏 Para 3Yet will my perfume-laden soul bring back,As a sweet memory,to womens hearts
26、 Their days of maidenhood.And then they will be sorry that they came To sing me to my death;And all the butterflies will mourn for me.I bear away with me The sunshines dear remembrance,and the low 知识拓展：诗歌欣赏 Para 3Soft murmurs of the spring.My breath is sweet as childrens prattle is;I drank in all th
27、e whole earths fruitfulness,To make of it the fragrance of my soul That shall outlive my death.The theme of the poem:_Life and death are both eternal.Intensive reading:Para 41.What do the underlined words“Its”and“it”in the second sentence mean?What does the sentence want to tell us?Its attraction li
28、es more in what it awakens in us than what it says.“Its”means literatures.“it”means literature.The effects that literature has on our feelings and consciousness are _ than contents that literature wants to tell.more importantIntensive reading:Para 42.Why does the author use the example“Doctor Faustu
29、s”?To make his argument persuasive,valid and effective.知识拓展：Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe Intensive reading:Para 4Faustus:Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?浮士德：这就是让一千艘战船起航的那张面孔吗？浮士德：这就是让一千艘战船起航的那张面孔吗？The author uses exaggeration to make readers feel how striking Helens beauty
30、is.In psychology,we call this Empathy(共鸣).Empathy:n.U 同感；同情；共鸣同感；同情；共鸣 Empathy is the ability to share another persons feelings and emotions as if they were your own.Intensive reading:Para 5feelingsimaginationtruthbeautypermanence1.What is universal interest in good literature?Please give some examp
31、les.The author tells readers when we appreciate literature with our _ and _,we can find _ and _ in great works,thus contributing to the _ of literature.Universal interest means the most basic topics of human nature in good literature,such as love and hate,joy and sadness,fear and hope,envy and gener
32、osity,inferiority and pride,calmness and aggressiveness.Intensive reading:Para 52.In good literature,what is the function of personal style?Universal interest should be reflected by way of a personal style in literature.After all,no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and
33、experiences.Intensive reading:Para 6In summary,literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty,the written record of mans thoughts and feelings,and the history of the human soul.Sentence structure:_parallel structure Can you think of another parallel structure to go on with this pa
34、ragraph?the evolution of human civilization,the witness to human destiny,Literature nourishes human soul.Without literature,our soul would drift aimlessly in the darkness,lonely and dry.Are you willing to be that child,sitting on the beach and listening to the faint but charming sounds from a shinin
35、g shell?Post-readingPost-reading:Practice and consolidationFill the blanks according to what you have learnt.A child and a man were walking on the beach _ the child found a shell and listened to it with _.Those musical sounds from it were _to human ears,strange but attractive.What _ the child was th
36、e unnoticed music of the old.Such experience as this lies in _ for us when we begin the study of literature.Let a little song _ to the ear,or a great book to the _,and then we discover a new worldwhenwonderfaintamazedstoreappealheartPost-reading:Practice and consolidationFill the blanks according to
37、 what you have learnt.of dreams and _.To enter the new world,we need to _ literature and make an _ to understand it,because behind every book are complex natural and social _.Only when we get to understand all these in a book,can we know what a book wants to speak.In a word,we have now reached a poi
38、nt _ we desire to enjoy and understand literature.The first step is to _ the three significant qualities of literature.magicloveeffortenvironmentswheredetermineThe first quality of literature is its _ of truth and beauty.Some truth and beauty _ unnoticed until a _ human soul brings them to our _,jus
39、t as the shell _ the unnoticed sounds.Only such a human soul is _ of seeing the beauty _ in nature and recording them carefully in literature.descriptionremainsensitiveattentionreflectscapablehiddenPost-reading:Practice and consolidationFill the blanks according to what you have learnt.The second qu
40、ality of literature is its _ to our feelings and imagination.Literatures attraction lies more in what it _ in us than what it says,and this finally opens a door _ which our imagination enters the new world of literature.appealawakensthroughPost-reading:Practice and consolidationFill the blanks accor
41、ding to what you have learnt.The third quality of literature is its _,which comes out of the two qualities mentioned above.To achieve this,it should contain two _:universal _and personal style.Good literature reflects the most _ of human nature and also _ on a personal style.permanenceelementsintere
42、stbasictakesPost-reading:Practice and consolidationFill the blanks according to what you have learnt.In _,literature is the _ of life in forms of truth and beauty,the written _ of mans _ and feelings,and the history of the human _.summaryexpression recordthoughtssoulThe passage below is about anothe
43、r classic work of literature.Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.Answer some questions about the passage.Post-reading:Building your language(P47)description contain significant be capable of element reflect in summary appeal toreflectsappeal tosignif
44、icantdescriptioncontainsare capable of description contain significant be capable of element reflect in summary appeal toelementsIn summary1.Why do some best works of literature still appeal to readers all the time?Because they reflect an authors own experiences and can help us understand the import
45、ant issues of his or her time.Post-reading:Building your language(P47)The authors viewpoint is often presented at the beginning of a passage.When the main viewpoint is shown,he or she will present his arguments next.To make his or her arguments persuasive and powerful,he or she should give examples
46、to prove the arguments.Post-reading:Building your language(P47)2.What examples does this author give to prove his viewpoint?A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin.3.Write a summary of this passage.By giving the example of Cao Xueqins A Dream of Red Mansions,the author thinks the reason for a timeless
47、 classic is that this classic can help readers know more about the culture and history of his or her time.Language points1负担着，承担；被指控2在最大可能的程度上3经受时间的考验4非常真诚地5你永远不可能拥有太多的天空。6惊叹地7对于某人来说某事即将发生8吸引be charged withto the utmost possible degreestand the test of timebe thoroughly in earnestYou can never have
48、too much sky.with wondersth lies in store for sbappeal toLanguage points:Important words and phrases9给做出详细描述10保持未被人注意的11让某人注意到某事12能够13凭借/利用自己的经历14唤醒(v.)15在某人的面前16包含两个元素give a detailed description of remain unnoticedbring sth to ones attentionbe capable ofdraw on ones own experiencesawakenin the pres
49、ence of sbcontain two elementsLanguage points:Important words and phrases17呈现个人风格18以的形式19重要问题20描述社会关系21贫富差距22受教育者与无文化者之间的差距23一个永恒的经典24一个特定的阶段take on a personal stylein the form ofan important issuedescribe social relationsthe gap between rich and poorthe gap between the learned and the uneducateda t
50、imeless classica specific periodLanguage points:Important words and phrases1.Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree.语法功能：_ 2.Whatever I have tried to do in life,I have tried with all my heart to do well.语法功能：_ Language points:Important sentences3.A chi
