1、答辩时间：20XX/05/20Restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbsUnit 4 Grammar and usage高考真题再现We will put off the picnic in the park untilnext week the weather may be better.SV OSVP从句whenwhichorwhen导入定语从句关系词关系代词|关系副词定语从句的关系词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词指人指人指物指物who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)，that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),whose(定
2、语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语)whose(定语定语)where(地点状语地点状语)when(时间状语时间状语)why(原因状语原因状语)=介词+which定语从句中的关系词指物指物知识讲解知识讲解关系代词和关系副词的区别？a.This is the factory his father works.b.This is the factory his father built.1.判断定语从句先行词2.分析从句句子成分缺什么主、宾、表 关系代词状语 关系副词 解题技巧 his father works in the factoryhis father
3、 built the factorywherewhich1.This is the house _they visited last time.2.This is the house _ we lived before.which where5.Please tell me the reason _you are late.6.He has told me the reason _ can explain his absence from the meeting.3.She will never forget the day _ she lost the ring.4.I will never
4、 forget the day _ we spent in Beijing.关系副词or关系代词?whichwhenwhywhich缺宾语（the house）缺状语（in the house）缺状语（on the day)缺宾语（the day)缺状语（for the reason）缺主语（the reason)注意：当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词时关系词不一定都是关系副词when、where、why，而是要根据从句中所缺成分决定！3.(2018全国卷全国卷)They also had a small pond which they raised fish.1.（2019全国卷）When
5、 I arrived,Byyan took me to see the house_I would be staying.2.(2019江苏卷)Self-driving is an area _China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.参考答案 语法填空 改错wherewherewhere1、This is the factory.2、I worked in the factory ten years ago.1.关系副词where合：This is the factory I worked ten years
6、ago.知识讲解知识讲解where 1、The school is near a park.2、My son studies in this school.合：The school my son studies is near a park.wherewhere引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词,并在定语从句中作_,相当于“介词+_(which)”。This is the factory where I worked ten years ago.The school where my son studies is near a park.in whichin which地点状语关系代词1、The
7、yll never forget July 1.2、Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1.2.关系副词when合：合：Theyll never forget July 1 Hong Kong returned to its motherland.when1、The days are gone forever.2、We lived together happily during those days.合：合：The days we lived together happily are gone forever.whenwhen引导的定语从句
8、修饰表示时间的名词,在定语从句中作 _,相当于“介词+_(which)”。Theyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days when we lived together happily are gone forever.on whichon/during which时间状语关系代词1、There are many reasons.2、People like traveling for many reasons.3.关系副词whywhy引导的定语从句修饰先行词 reason,在从句中作原因状
9、语,相当于“for+which”。合：There are many reasons people like traveling.for whichwhy1.在the reason why 结构中，why引导定语从句，它也可以换为for which。在从句中做原因状语。2.the reason is that 结构中，只能用that引导表语从句，不要受汉语的影响，误用because。选题意义介词介词+关系代词与关系副词的替换关系代词与关系副词的替换1.I remember the day I join the Party.=I remember the day I join the Party.
10、2.Great changes have taken place in the city I was born.=Great changes have taken place in the city I was born.3.The reason he refused the invitation is not clear.=The reason he refused the invitation is not clear.whenon whichin whichwherefor which why 选题意义先行词模糊化先行词模糊化1.常见模糊为地点的先行词：常见模糊为地点的先行词：point
11、，situation，position，case，stage，scene，activity，condition等,关系副词常用 whereHe got himself into a difficult situation where he must make a final decision all by himself.2.常见模糊为时间的先行词：常见模糊为时间的先行词：period，occasion，stage，interval等等,关系副关系副词常用词常用whenOccasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day wi
12、th my kids.他使自己陷入了必须自己做最后决定的困境。他使自己陷入了必须自己做最后决定的困境。我很少有时间和孩子们在一起。我很少有时间和孩子们在一起。选题意义即时练习即时练习用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1.I still remember the day _ we studied together.2.I still remember the day _ we spent together.3.This is the factory _ he used to work.4.This is the factory _ we visited yesterda
13、y.5.This is the factory _ makes this kind of car.6.This is the reason _ he explained.whenthat/which/不填不填wherethat/which/不填不填that/whichthat/which/不填不填选题意义即时练习即时练习用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空7.This is the reason _ he failed in the exam.8.I dont know the way _ he used last time.whythat/which/不填不填选题意义
14、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句：*形式上形式上：不用逗号不用逗号“,”与主句隔开。与主句隔开。*意义上意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。不完整。*译法上译法上：译成先行词的定语：译成先行词的定语：“的的”*关系词的使用上关系词的使用上A.作宾语时可省略作宾语时可省略 B.可用可用that,why C.可用可用who 代替代替whom选题意义限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句*形式
15、上：用逗号形式上：用逗号“,”与主句隔开。与主句隔开。*意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。*译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的使用上：关系词的使用上：A.不可省略不可省略 B.不用不用that,why C.不可用不可用who 代替代替whom选题意义限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句China is a country which has a long history.His mother,who loves him very much,
16、is strict with him.Last summer I visited the Peoples Great Hall,in which many important meetings are held every year.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。中国是一个历史悠久的国家。他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。去年夏天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议。去年夏天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议。选题意义定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致注意：注意：1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先
17、行词保持关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。一致。I,who am your close friend,will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.2.one of复数名词关系代词复数名词关系代词复数复数动词；而动词；而the only one of复数名词关复数名词关系代词系代词单数单数动词；动词；not the only one of.=one of.我是你亲密的朋友，当你遇到困难时，我会尽我最大的努力帮助你。我是你亲密的朋友，当你遇到困难时，我会尽我最大的努力帮助你。选题意义定语从句
18、中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致He is one of the students who passed the exam.He is the only one of the students who passed the exam.He is not the only one of the students who passed the exam.havehas have1.Beijing is the place _ I was born.2.Is this the reason _ he refused our offer?3.I will never forget the day _ I first met you on the seashore.where(in which)why(for which)when(onwhich)Fill in the blanks.课堂练习
