1、Passive Voice选必四选必四Unit1 被动语态被动语态现在完成时的被动have been done一般过去时的被动was/were done一般过去时的被动was/were done一般现在时的被动is/am/are done被动语态构成被动语态构成 现以及物动词现以及物动词telltell为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下：时态时态被动语态的构成被动语态的构成一般式一般式一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时进行式进行式现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时完成式完成式现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时be(am/is/are)tol
2、dbe(was/were)toldwill be toldshould/would be toldbe(am/is/are)being toldbe(was/were)being toldhave/has been toldhad been told写出下列动词的过去式与过去分写出下列动词的过去式与过去分词词1.build2.speak3.eat4.break5.give6.grow7.write8.think9.love10.water built built spoke spoken ate eaten broke broken gave given grew grown wrote wr
3、itten thought thought loved loved watered watered熟背课本熟背课本P117-118不规则动词表不规则动词表 The Great Wall is visited by many people every year.Many people visit the Great Wall every year.主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态Pepole often play footbal all over the world.Football is often playedby pepole all over the world.主动语态主动语态被动语态
4、被动语态英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态主动语态(the Active Voice)被动语态被动语态(the Passive Voice)被动语态的相关概念被动语态的相关概念1.语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。关系。2.英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动主动语态和语态和被动被动语态。语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者承受者。指出句中的执行者和承受者。指出句中的执行者和承受者。Some trees are plan
5、ted by us every year.3.被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。承受者承受者执行者执行者We plant these trees.These trees are planted by us.主动句与被动句的转换主动句与被动句的转换主语主语宾语宾语主语主语宾语宾语把下列主动句转换成被动句把下列主动句转换成被动句1.We plant some trees every year.2.Some trees are planted by us every year
6、.3.Many people speak English.4.English is spoken by many people.5.Everyone likes the story.6.The story is liked by everyone.肯定句：肯定句：否定句：否定句：一般疑问句：一般疑问句：回答：回答：特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：Children love these songs.are loved by children.These songs are not loved by children.Are these songs loved by children.Yes,they a
7、re./No,they arent.are loved by children?特殊疑问词+be+过去分词+(by)?主语+be not+过去分词+(by)Be+主语+过去分词+(by)?主语+be+过去分词+(by)My favourite funny story in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is when Tom(1)_(tell)by his aunt to paint the gate white.The work is a punishment because he missed school one day.Of course,he does n
8、ot want to do any work.At first,Tom(2)_(watch)by his friends and(3)_(laugh at),so he feels quite bad.is watched laughed at is told2But soon he turns the situation round,and he(4)_(help)by his friends instead.Tom says that he enjoys painting the gate white,and his friends want to try.He asks each fri
9、end to give him something valuable,and in return they(5)_(allow)to do some of Toms work!is helped are allowedTom:Why(1)_ popular books _(make)into films?Jack:Oh,because the stories(2)_ already _(know)by lots of people,so the films will become popular as well.Tom:But why(3)_ the stories sometimes _(c
10、hange)in films?3are made areare changed knownJack:Because films and books are different.Some people in the book are not included in the film,but others are more important than they are in the book.Tom:But that doesnt happen in historical films?Jack:Yes,it does.Sometimes even the facts about history(
11、4)_(change).Tom:But why(5)_ facts _ (rewrite)?Jack:Because films dont always try to teach history,but to tell a good story!are changed are rewritten1What little money he did have _(spend)on a record selected with extreme care which became,to his way of thinking,a possession close to his heart.2Some
12、modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers _(send)to ten Hope Schools in South China.3When I _(choose)to take part in the sport,I felt very surprised because I had never done this before.4In the early years of the 1980s,as the reform and openingup policy _(carry)out,our dream came tr
13、ue.5The sellers shouts could _(hear)every now and then.was spentwas sentwas chosenwas carriedbe heard6For hundreds of thousands of years,the festival _(mark)by eating zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan.7Im so sorry,but sometimes the bus can _ (delay)by some problems.8Now college gra
14、duates _(encourage)to start their own business,which sounds really good for us.9So the questions must _(deal)with carefully,the same way you would handle any other hot potato.10He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to _(tell)how to live a more simple life.has been markedbe delayedare bei
15、ng encouragedbe dealtbe told自主训练自主训练 1This really excites scientists，Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _(construct)(2020全国卷)2The artist was sure he would _(choose),but when he presented his masterpiece to t
16、he emperors chief minister,the old man laughed.(2020全国卷)3A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(trap)in the mountains for two days.(2018北京卷)is constructedbe chosenhad been trapped4During a visit to Boston in 1733,Franklin _(impress)with the citys fire prevention methods.5At univer
17、sity,you will _(teach)by lecturers and professors who are leading figures in their study.6Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might _(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016全国卷)7Shuai jiao _(consider)by some experts as the origin of modern throwing sports s
18、uch as judo.was impressedbe taughtbe madeis considered8When the time came to make the final decision for a course,I decided to apply for the one that _(reflect)my interest.(2016浙江卷)9More efforts,as reported,_(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.(2016江苏卷)10Two years
19、 ago,while Cathy _(watch)the Olympics,a dream came into her sweet little headto be a swimmer.(2016天津卷)reflectedwill be madewas watchingIn recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience.Those programs,ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows,1._(receive)bo
20、th commercial success and public attention.Their popularity is 2._(main)based on simple facts.First,they care 3._ social concerns.Second,without exception,they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.Despite apparent highlights,much room 4._(leave)for improv
21、ement.Above all,commercial interests often outweigh 5._(education)purposes,causing many complaints about the unbearable advertisements.In addition,some sharp remarks,6._ they are eyecatching,may have misleading effects on the youth.In 7._(I)opinion,such shows should shoulder more responsibility inst
22、ead of merely 8._(entertain)the public.9._ is expected,these programs should be positive in their forms as well as 10._(function).Meanwhile,the media should also safeguard the values of our society.have receivedmanlyaboutis lefteducational(al)thoughmyentertainingAsfunctions使用被动语态的情况：使用被动语态的情况：Sugar
23、cane is grown in the south.The song The East is Red was written by a poor peasant.1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。2.强调动作的承受者。强调动作的承受者。The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.Margaret was given some bad advice about selecting courses.3.动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。动作的执行者有较
24、长的修饰语。4.出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。1.And,as more children were born,more food _(need).（2020浙江）2.The parts of a museum open to the public _(call)galleries or rooms.（2020山东）3.Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how th
25、e moon _(construct)”.（2020全国卷）4.On the last day of our weeklong stay,we _(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.（2019全国卷）was neededare calledis constructedwere invited5A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(trap)in the mountains
26、for two days.(2018北京卷)6.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might _(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016全国卷)had been trappedbe madePassive voice used in the writing使用被动语态常用语体：公告、新闻报道、通知、科技论文、报纸标题等。Children can be seen running on the lawn and throwing rub
27、bish everywhere,which have already harmed the school environment.1.孩子们在草地上跑，到处乱丢垃圾，影响学校环境Additionally,reusing paper and bottles in our daily life is also highly recommended.2.而且，强烈建议生活中重复使用纸张和瓶子All students are required to carry mical face masks when returning to school.4.所有学生返校时应当随身备用医疗口罩Its sugges
28、ted/advised that everyone should read more good books since reading is beneficial to us.3.建议每一个人读更多好书，因为阅读对我们有利All students are expected to keep a safe distance from each other when waiting in lines.5.要求所有学生排队时保持安全距离 With the aim of sharing the fun of reading good books and arouse our interest in re
29、ading,the activity“Good books to recommend”is to be held in the reading room next saturday.6.为了分享读好书的快乐并激发我们的阅读兴趣，我们学校将于下周六在阅览室举行“推荐好书”活动All the members of the English club are required to attend and share one of their favourite books with others.7.要求所有英语俱乐部会员参加并与他人分享一本他们最喜欢的书Not only are the volunt
30、eers required to be healthy and organized,but to be able to respond to the emergencies.8.志愿者不仅要健康，有组织，而且要有能力应对紧急情况He will always be remembered as a great leader,a wise and warmhearted man9.他永远会作为一个伟大的领袖，一个有智慧而且热心的人为人们所怀念。Natinal Day is such an important festival for the Chinese people that every yea
31、r many grand ceremonies and activities,such as flag raising ceremonies and fireworks displays,are held throughout the country.10.国庆节对所有中国人而言是个很重要的节日，每年全国各地都举行各种盛大的仪式和活动，比如升旗仪式和烟花表演Although the chance to watch the Sichuan Opera Performance has been missed,you will have some other meaningful activitie
32、s to experience.11.虽然你错过了观看川剧表演的机会，但你可以体验一些其它有意义的活动School rules have been made to praise nonwasting students and punish those wasting food.12.学校制定了规章制度来表扬那些不浪费食物的学生和惩罚那些浪费食物的学生。The training class will be held in our school hall from June 2nd to June 15th,lasting two weeks.13.培训班将于6月2日至6月15日在我校礼堂举行，为期两周As scheduled,the match will be held in our school gym this saturday afternoon,when we will play against the team from Hongxing High School.14.按照计划，比赛将于本周六下午学校体育馆举行，我们将与红星学校队比赛。
