1、英国文学英国文学UK literature西方文学两个源头古希腊罗马文学古希腊罗马文学圣经圣经古希腊罗马文学希腊文学希腊文学 古希腊神话：神的故事和英雄的故事古希腊神话：神的故事和英雄的故事 伊索伊索(Aesop)寓言寓言 木马屠城记木马屠城记特洛伊特洛伊Medieval LiteratureRenaissance literatureLiterature in 17th Century(Classicism)Literature in18th Century(Enlightenment)Romanticism In England English Critical Realism Moder
2、n literature contemporary literatureexitMedieval literature（中世纪文学）Originally,British literature is oral like other countries.Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language and the most important specimen of Anglo-Saxon literature.The main stories are based on the folk legends of the primitive no
3、rthern tribes.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight It is thought to be composed about 1375-1400 and one of the greatest literary works of Middle English.The theme is based on King Arthur and The Round Table KnightsExcaliburGeoffrey Chaucer about13431400the father of British Poetry.Chaucers poetry writing
4、 is divided into three periods France affected period Italy affected period maturity period The Canterbury Tales the history of the British literary realism of the first model 侠盗罗宾汉侠盗罗宾汉Renaissance literatureliterature（文艺复兴时期文学）Thomas More Utopia 乌托邦乌托邦 Open the idealistic novels Edmund Spenser The
5、Faerie Queene 仙后仙后 Francis Bacon 58 essays Some quotations:1.Knowledge is power.2.The monuments of wit survive the monuments of power.3.Young men are fitter to invent than to judge,fitter for execution than for counsel,and fitter for new projects than for settled business.4.Reading makes a full man,
6、conference a ready man,and writing an exact man.5.Wives are young mens mistresses,companions for middle-age,and old mens nurses.6.There is no excellent beauty that has not some strangeness in the proportion7.Studies serve of delight,for ornament,and for ability.Their chief use for delight is in priv
7、ate-ness and retiring;for ornament,is in discourse;and for ability,is in the judgment and disposition of business.William Shakespearel A dramatist“not of an age,but of all time”by Ben Jonson,not of England,but of the world.l Not only a master of English language but also a genius of character portra
8、yal and plot constructionl A“poet of reality”for his idea that literature should reflect nature and reality.l 37 plays,154 sonnets and 2 long poems,most of which were published as First Folio.ComediesTroilus and CressidaThe TempestThe two Gentleman of VeronaMeasure For Measure Comedy Of Errors Much
9、Ado About Nothing Loves Labours LostA Midsummer Nights Dream Merchant Of Venice As You Like It Taming Of The Shrew Alls Well That Ends Well Twelfth Night Winters Tale 特洛伊洛斯与克莱西达特洛伊洛斯与克莱西达暴风雨暴风雨维洛那二绅士维洛那二绅士一报还一报一报还一报错中错错中错无事生非无事生非爱的徒劳爱的徒劳仲夏夜之梦仲夏夜之梦威尼斯商人威尼斯商人皆大欢喜皆大欢喜驯悍记驯悍记终成眷属终成眷属第十二夜第十二夜冬天的故事冬天的故事Tra
10、gedies Cymbeline Hamlet King Lear Macbeth Othello Romeo And Juliet Timon Of Athens Julius Caesar 辛柏林辛柏林 哈姆雷特哈姆雷特 李尔王李尔王 麦克白麦克白 奥斯罗奥斯罗 罗密欧和朱丽叶罗密欧和朱丽叶 雅典的泰门雅典的泰门 凯撒大帝凯撒大帝 Hamlet:To be,or not to be-that is the question:Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune
11、 Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them.生存还是毁灭？这是个问题。生存还是毁灭？这是个问题。究竟哪样更高贵，去忍受那狂暴的命运无究竟哪样更高贵，去忍受那狂暴的命运无情的摧残情的摧残 还是挺身去反抗那无边的烦恼，还是挺身去反抗那无边的烦恼，把它扫一个干净。把它扫一个干净。威廉威廉莎士比亚（莎士比亚（15641616年），文艺复兴时期英国大戏年），文艺复兴时期英国大戏剧家、诗人。幼年在当地文法学校受过基础教育并有机会剧家、诗人。幼年在当地文法学校受过基础教育并有机会接触戏剧，从小就对戏剧产生了爱好。莎士
12、比亚的创作活接触戏剧，从小就对戏剧产生了爱好。莎士比亚的创作活动按其思想和艺术的发展可分为三个时期。第一时期动按其思想和艺术的发展可分为三个时期。第一时期（15901600年）是他学习、继承并取得初步成就时期。年）是他学习、继承并取得初步成就时期。以喜剧、历史剧为主，故称历史剧时期。此时正值伊丽莎以喜剧、历史剧为主，故称历史剧时期。此时正值伊丽莎白盛世，作者对现实抱有信心，因此创作基调是乐观、明白盛世，作者对现实抱有信心，因此创作基调是乐观、明确的。主要作品有喜剧确的。主要作品有喜剧仲夏夜之梦仲夏夜之梦、威尼斯商人威尼斯商人，历史剧历史剧查理三世查理三世、亨利四世亨利四世，悲剧，悲剧罗密欧与朱
13、罗密欧与朱丽叶丽叶等。第二时（等。第二时（16011607年）是他创作的鼎盛时年）是他创作的鼎盛时期。这一时期创作以悲剧为主，基调悲愤、阴郁，又称悲期。这一时期创作以悲剧为主，基调悲愤、阴郁，又称悲剧时期。此时正值英国社会从表面繁荣进入社会动乱的转剧时期。此时正值英国社会从表面繁荣进入社会动乱的转折时期，理想与现实的矛盾使作者悲观失望。主要作品折时期，理想与现实的矛盾使作者悲观失望。主要作品哈姆雷特哈姆雷特、奥赛罗奥赛罗、李尔王李尔王、麦克白麦克白被被称为莎士比亚的称为莎士比亚的“四大悲剧四大悲剧”。第三时期（。第三时期（16081612年）是他的创作后期，以创作传奇剧为主称传奇剧时期。年）是
14、他的创作后期，以创作传奇剧为主称传奇剧时期。这一时期莎士比亚蛰居乡间，寄希望于乌托邦，表现出后这一时期莎士比亚蛰居乡间，寄希望于乌托邦，表现出后期思想的退坡。最著名的有期思想的退坡。最著名的有暴风雨暴风雨，被称为，被称为“诗的遗诗的遗嘱嘱”。Literature in 17th Century(Classicism)17世纪文学世纪文学 John Milton Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained John Bunyan The Pilgrims Progress Literature in 18th Century(Enlightenment)Literat
15、ure in 18th Century(Enlightenment)启蒙时期文学启蒙时期文学 Jonathan Swift Gullivers Travels is one of the fantastic sarcastic works in the world Daniel Defoe(1660-1731）Father of the English novel Robinson Crusoe Henry Fielding Tom JonesWorks of Sentimentalism Oliver Goldsmith（1730-1774）The Deserted Village is t
16、he masterwork of the works of sentimentalism.The Citizen of the World James Thomson(1700-1748）The Seasons William Collins(1721-1759）Ode to Evening Thomas Gray(1716-1771）Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard）Romanticism In England 浪漫主义文学浪漫主义文学 William Wordsworth（1770-1850）and Samuel Taylor Coleridge,
17、（1772-1834）Lyrical Ballads Marks the real English romantic literature Percy Bysshe Shelley John Keats,1795-1821English Critical Realism 现实主义文学现实主义文学 Walter Scott The father of western historical novel Ivanhoe Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice Emma Bronte sisters Charlotte Bronte（1816-1855）Jane Eyre Em
18、ily Bronte（1818-1848）Wuthering Heights）Anne Bronte（1820-1849）Agnes Grey Charles Dickens Oliver Twist David Copperfield Great Expectations William Makepeace Thackray Vanity Fair Thomas Hardy Tess of the DUrbervilles Jude the Obscure Rudyard Kipling(1865-1936）Jim William Somerset Maugham(1874-1965）Of
19、Human BondageModern literature Virginia Woolf,1882-1941）Stream-of-consciousness novels Mrs.Dalloway To the Lighthouse）James Joyce Ulysses D.H.Lawrence Lady Chatterleys Lover Sons and Lovers The Rainbow Women in LoveVirginia Woolf T.S.Eliot(1888-1965）The Waste Land William Butler Yeats(1865-1939）Agat
20、ha Christie(1891-1976）The queen of detective novels Murder on the Orient Express Death on the Nile Agatha Christie Contemporary literature当代文学当代文学 George Orwell（1903-1950）Political fable story Animal Farm Nineteen Eighty Four）William Golding(1911-1993）Lord of the Flies）John Fowles(1926-）The French Lieutenants Woman Doris Lessing,Muriel Spark Iris Murdoch,1919-1999）Samuel Beckett(1906-）Waiting for Gogot Peter Shaffer（1926-）Amadeus
